Gualcarque River

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Coordinates: 14°31′N 88°18′W / 14.517°N 88.300°W / 14.517; -88.300
Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Gualcarque River
Gualcarque River is located in Honduras
Gualcarque River
Native nameRío Gualcarque (Spanish)
Location
CountryHonduras
DepartmentsIntibucá and Santa Bárbara
Physical characteristics
SourceReserva Biológica Opalaca
 • locationSan Francisco de Opalaca
 • coordinates14°31′N 88°18′W / 14.517°N 88.300°W / 14.517; -88.300
Mouth 
 • location
Río Grande de Otoro
 • coordinates
14°45′39″N 89°09′45″W / 14.76083°N 89.16250°W / 14.76083; -89.16250
Basin features
River systemUlúa

The Gualcarque River (

Lenca
, who depend on the river for their subsistence. It is the site of the proposed Agua Zarca hydroelectric dam, a joint Honduran-Chinese project.

Since 2006, Sinohydro, the World Bank's International Finance Corporation (IFC), and Honduran company Desarrollos Energéticos (DESA) have made preparations for four hydroelectric dams without consulting the Lenca, including the Agua Zarca dam. Construction began in 2012, and in 2013 river access was blocked, after which the Lenca started to protest. They have been met with violence, detention and torture.

In March 2013 during a peaceful protest at the dam office, Tomas García was shot and killed. In March 2016, Berta Cáceres, an internationally known indigenous activist who was a leader of the opposition to the dam, was also shot and killed. In June 2017, the banks financing the project suspended and withdrew funding because of the controversy.

Geography

The Gualcarque originates in the Reserva Biológica Opalaca in Intibucá flowing eastward for 2.4 miles (3.9 km) to the reserve's border, where it is crossed by the only road in its entire course, the V-608. It then turns to the north, flowing through the entire length of the Reserva de Vida Silvestre Montaña Verde at its eastern border and upon exiting it discharges into the Río Grande de Otoro.[1]

The river is considered sacred to the indigenous

Lenca.[2] It provides drinking water, is used to fish, irrigate fields, and is used for washing.[3] Berta Cáceres has stated: "In our worldviews, we are beings who come from the Earth, from the water and from corn. The Lenca people are ancestral guardians of the rivers, in turn protected by the spirits of young girls, who teach us that giving our lives in various ways for the protection of the rivers is giving our lives for the well-being of humanity and of this planet."[4]

The Gualcarque River belongs to the geothermal sites in northwest Honduras, the

normal fault system just southwest of the Yojoa Lake. Water samples had the lowest measured temperature at 52.5 °C (126.5 °F) and the lowest salinity in the whole Azacualpa area, where thermal springs abound.[5]

Development

Cáceres' daughter at a protest in Washington D.C. in April 2016, with a portrait of Berta Cáceres

Since 2006, the Chinese company

Inter-American Human Rights Commission.[7]

In 2012, DESA started construction on the land it had acquired, destroying corn and bean fields, fruit trees and coffee plantations. At the end of March 2013 DESA security officers blocked access to the river, and affected communities started a street blockade.[3] Protesters were "attacked with machetes, discredited, detained, and tortured", and a leader from Río Blanco named Tomas García was shot and killed during a peaceful protest.[8]

In late 2013, Sinohydro terminated its contract with DESA; the IFC, concerned about human rights violations, withdrew its funding.[7] In March 2016, Berta Cáceres was shot in her home and killed as well.[2] FMO and Finnfund suspended their loans 16 days after her assassination.[9] In 2021, a court ruled that Roberto David Castillo, President of the dam company, DESA, had planned the murder and hired the gunmen.[10][11]

In June 2017, the banks financing the project suspended and withdrew funding because of the controversy.[12][13]

See also

References

  1. ^ Google Maps Google 2016, retrieved 4 March 2016
  2. ^
    ISSN 0362-4331
    . Retrieved 2016-03-04.
  3. ^ a b (in German) Kirstin Büttner, Daniela Dreißig. Vom Putsch zur "grünen" Diktatur, Informationszentrum 3. Welt (iz3w), May/June 2014, issue 342, p 15-17.
  4. Democracy Now
    , 4 March 2016, retrieved 8 March 2016
  5. ^ Capaccioni, Bruno et al. Geochemistry of thermal fluids in NW Honduras: New perspectives for exploitation of geothermal areas in the southern Sula graben. Journal of volcanology and geothermal research. June 2014, Vol.280, pp 40 - 52.
  6. ^ "FAQ Agua Zarca Project Honduras". Archived from the original on 8 April 2016. Retrieved 29 March 2016.
  7. ^ a b "Berta Cáceres - 2015 Goldman Prize Recipient South and Central America". Goldman Environmental Foundation. 2015. Retrieved 8 March 2016.
  8. ^ "Goldman Prize Winner Murdered in Honduras". ens-newswire.com. Environment News Service. 3 March 2016.
  9. ^ Finnfund suspends disbursements to Honduran hydropower project Development Today, n.d.
  10. ^ "Berta Cáceres: Ex-dam company boss guilty of planning Honduran activist's murder". BBC News. 5 July 2021.
  11. ^ "Berta Cáceres assassination: ex-head of dam company found guilty". the Guardian. 2021-07-05. Retrieved 2021-07-07.
  12. ^ "Backers of Honduran dam opposed by murdered activist withdraw funding". The Guardian. 4 June 2017.
  13. ^ "FMO and Finnfund finalize Exit Agua Zarca" (Press release). FMO. 6 July 2017.

Further reading

External links

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