György Bulányi

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György P. Bulányi[1]
Born(1919-01-09)January 9, 1919
DiedJune 6, 2010(2010-06-06) (aged 91)

György P. Bulányi (Budapest, 9 January 1919 – Budapest, June 6, 2010

conscientious objection
.

Early life

Bulányi graduated from the College of Teacher Education, the College of Paleontology, and then the Pázmány Péter University of Sciences.[citation needed] In 1943 he was ordained a priest in the Piarist Order.[2][1][3] He then taught in a Piarist high school serving Sátoraljaújhely, Tata, and Debrecen. In March 1945, a

bush".[5] They were sometimes also called Bulányists.[4]

Bokor

Bokor was focused on following

In 1949, Bulányi wrote a pamphlet Régi Írás (Old Scripture) on behalf of a group calling itself Bokor-Öko (Bush-Eco). The pamphlet asserted that humanity has a

future generations. This is one of the earliest documents of the modern environmental movement in Hungary.[8]

Bokor opposed the

parish priest in downtown Budapest.[1] However, he was arrested again in April 1958 and later released again in 1960.[1] At this time, he was one of the most controversial figures in Hungarian Catholicism.[1] He then worked as an unskilled labourer while he wrote a book, Seek the kingdom of God![3]

Bokor grew throughout the 1960s and became even more visible after 1970,[10] despite ongoing suppression from both the government and the Catholic hierarchy.[citation needed] For those interested in deeper discipleship, Bokor offered a 5 year theological course involving about 78–80 spiritual exercises per year.[4] In 1989, Bokor had 185 leaders, 35 of whom were priests.[4] The movement was connected to the base communities of Latin American liberation theology.[3] Bokor continued to be suppressed by the Hungarian government until 1990.[11]

Conscientious objection advocacy

From the end of the 1970s into 1981, Bulányi became more vocal in preaching pacifism and

archbishop of Esztergom-Budapest, strongly objected to Bulányi's teaching, considering it harmful and dangerous.[12][6] They issued a formal condemnation of conscientious objection in October 1986.[14] These officials supported government suppression of conscientious objectors,[12] and imprisonments continued throughout the 1980s.[6] Continued advocacy from groups like Bokor and interaction with Catholics outside of Hungary softened their perspective, however, and in March 1988, Paskai suggested that the Prime Minister allow alternative civilian service.[14] Paskai later claimed to have been constrained by the autocratic government and said that he had no choice but to collaborate in suppression.[12]

Conflict with Catholic hierarchy

The Hungarian government and Catholic hierarchy responded by seeking to discredit Bulányi by presenting evidence that his writings were heretical. There was significant debate about Bulányi's writings such as Church order and Is obedience a virtue?, drawing input from theologians such as

change in government in Hungary in 1989, the Hungarian state requested forgiveness from Bulányi.[16] However, leaders of the Catholic Church did not apologize.[16]

Finally, in February 1997, Bulányi and Ratzinger came to an agreement, with

John Paul II offering greater freedom of conscience than Ratzinger had previously accepted.[citation needed] Bulányi cooperated, clarified his teachings, and signed a statement requested of him.[1] On 5 April 1997, Ratzinger wrote that he considered the matter closed.[1] On 10 September 1997, there was a public announcement of the formal rehabilitation of Bulányi in the Catholic Church,[citation needed] and he was once again permitted to conduct mass.[11]

The Hungarian Catholic Bishops' Conference published the statements of Bulányi and Ratzinger without comment. Some Hungarian Catholics were disappointed that the Conference didn't offer an apology for their behavior toward Bulányi and his supporters. These Catholic viewed the actions of the Catholic hierarchy as improper use of power in collaboration with an immoral autocratic state.[1] Even after rehabilitation, Bulányi continued to be marginalized within the Catholic community.[17][3] From 2005 until his death, Bulányi lived with other Piarists in the Kalazantinum [hu] of Budapest.[citation needed]

Views

Bulányi identified with the views of Marcion of Sinope in rejecting the Old Testament as uninspired, immoral, and incompatible with the character of the God of Jesus who is love.[18]

Bulányi affirmed a church structure consisting of

universal priesthood of the laity.[1][19]

Works

See also

Citations

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o Zala Lama 2010.
  2. ^ a b c Ramet 2014, p. 113.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g Partizano 2010.
  4. ^ a b c d e f g h i Gyula Havasy 1993.
  5. ^ Ramet 2014, p. 100.
  6. ^ a b c d Adogame et al. 2016, p. 149f.
  7. ^ See also Ramet (2014, p. 100)
  8. ^ Tibor Valuch 2001.
  9. ^ a b c Idézi Jupp Wagner
  10. ^ a b Murzaku 2015, p. 173.
  11. ^ a b Ramet 2014, p. 104.
  12. ^ a b c d Allen 2002, p. 162.
  13. ^ a b Miszlivetz 1999, p. 11.
  14. ^ a b Miszlivetz 1999, p. 12.
  15. ^ Ki tért meg? (Bulányi György piarista atya egyházi rehabilitációja, HVG, 1997. október 4.)
  16. ^ a b Index.hu (Meghalt Bulányi György, 2010. június. 7.)
  17. ^ Népszabadság Online (Bulányi György halálára, 2010. June 7.)
  18. ^ "Az Ószövetség nem Isten igéje" [The Old Testament is not the Word of God]. Flag Polgári Magazine (in Hungarian). 2014. Retrieved 16 April 2018., reprinted from an April issue of Magyar Mérce, published by Jobbik.
  19. ^ See also Ramet (2014, p. 100)

References

Further reading

External links