Human monocytotropic ehrlichiosis

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Human monocytic ehrlichiosis
Ehrlichia chaffeensis
SpecialtyInfectious diseases Edit this on Wikidata

Human monocytotropic ehrlichiosis

macrophages.[3]

Symptom and signs

The most common symptoms are

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The severity of the illness can range from minor or asymptomatic to life-threatening. CNS involvement may occur. A serious septic or toxic shock-like picture can also develop, especially in patients with impaired immunity.[5]

Cause

This disease is known to be caused by tick bites.[6]

Diagnosis

Tick exposure is often overlooked. For patients living in high-prevalence areas who spend time outdoors, a high degree of clinical suspicion should be employed.[citation needed] Ehrlichia serologies can be negative in the acute period. Polymerase chain reaction is therefore the laboratory diagnostic tool of choice.[7]

Treatment

If ehrlichiosis is suspected, treatment should not be delayed while waiting for a definitive laboratory confirmation, as prompt doxycycline therapy has been associated with improved outcomes.[8] Doxycycline is the treatment of choice.[citation needed]

Presentation during early pregnancy can complicate treatment.

Rifampin has been used in pregnancy and in patients allergic to doxycycline.[10]

Epidemiology

In the US, human monocytotropic ehrlichiosis occurs across the south-central, southeastern, and mid-Atlantic states, regions where both the white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) and Lone Star ticks (Amblyomma americanum) thrive.[citation needed]

Human monocytotropic ehrlichiosis occurs in California in Ixodes pacificus ticks and in Dermacentor variabilis ticks.[11] Nearly 600 cases were reported to the CDC in 2006. In 2001–2002, the incidence was highest in Missouri, Tennessee, and Oklahoma, as well as in people older than 60.[12]

See also

References

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  6. ^ "Ehrlichiosis – Transmission". United States Center for Disease Control. 17 January 2019. Retrieved November 23, 2020.
  7. S2CID 31487400
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  12. ^ "Statistics and Epidemiology: Annual Cases of Ehrlichiosis in the United States". Ehrlichiosis. Division of Vector-Borne Diseases (DVBD), National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases (NCEZID), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 5 September 2013.

External links