Hunac Ceel Cauich (fl. late 12th and early 13th centuries) was a
Chichen Itzá and founded the Cocom dynasty. While the rulers of Chichen Itzá were in part descendants of Toltec
outsiders who might have been disliked for being foreign oppressors or the war a simple one of conquest, the Maya history attributes the cause of the war to the theft of a wife of a powerful ruler by a powerful lord. (On the other hand, rulers of both the attackers and the attacked are labeled Itzá.)
According to the history, Hunac Ceel, also known as Cauich, unsuccessfully fought the Itzás, having been taken captive.
Chilam Balam of Chumayel posits the interpretation that someone from Chichen Itzá stole away with the bride of Ah Ulil, the ruler of Izamal
. Hunac Ceel and his Mexican allies used this as pretext or reason to sack the city in Izamal's name and to go on to profoundly re-order the entire political landscape (Appendix C: "The Hunac Ceel Episode").
Legacy
Hunac Ceel's actions upset not only the political balance of power in north Yucatan but the demographics of Chichen Itzá and the Lake Petén Itzá area, where the Itzá were still living at the time of European contact.
The feature film Kings of the Sun begins with Hunac Ceel's forces attacking Chichen Itzá.
He is played by Leo Gordon.
In the year 2000, the Mexican folk dance and music group Hunac-Ceel was founded in San Luis Potosí.[1]
Sources
The main source describing Hunac Ceel's conspiracy and conquest is the
Books of Chilam Balam, especially the Books of Chilam Balam of Mani and of Chumayel, which describe Hunac Ceel as using treachery to drive Chac-Xib-Chac
out of Chichen Itzá in the year Tun 10 of Katun 8 Ahau, accompanied by the depopulation of the city and of his rise to power resulting from the event at the cenote.
