Hydrogen clathrate
A hydrogen clathrate is a
Under higher pressures a 1:1 ratio clathrate can form. It crystallises in a cubic structure, where H2 and H2O are both arranged in a diamond lattice. It is stable above 2.3 GPa.[6]
Under even higher pressures (over 38 GPa) there is a prediction of the existence of a clathrate with a cubic structure and a 1:2 ratio: 2H2•H2O.[7]
More complex clathrates can occur with hydrogen, water and other molecules such as methane,[8] and tetrahydrofuran.[9]
Since hydrogen and water ice are common constituents of the universe, it is very likely that under the right circumstances natural hydrogen clathrates will be formed. This could occur in icy moons for example.[8] Hydrogen clathrate was likely to be formed in the high pressure nebulae that formed the gas giants, but not to have formed in comets.[10]
References
- )
- Bibcode:2007APS..MARS39012S. Retrieved 10 September 2011.
- .
- ^ PMID 15447276.
- S2CID 24168225.
- .
- PMID 25001502.
- ^ PMID 17850164.
- S2CID 123843390.
- doi:10.1086/191050. Retrieved 10 September 2011.
External links
- Vos, Willem L.; Larry W. Finger; Russel J. Hemley & Ho-kwang Mao (8 November 1993). "Novel H2-H2O Clathrates at High Pressure" (PDF). Physical Review Letters. 71 (19): 3150–3153. PMID 10054870.