Inboekstelsel

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Inboekstelsel was a system of

Landdros's register.[2] It is widely seen as a form of slavery by historians of South Africa. [3]

The system had its origin in the

Transvaal during the 1840s, they brought the inboekstelsel system with them.[5] Inboekelinge children were captured during raids, or handed over as apprentices by their conquered parents in return for land or goods.[1] In some cases they were sold by Boer settlers to other burghers, in what became known as the trade in "black ivory".[6]

In the Transvaal, the inboekelings numbered about 4,000 in 1866, nearly one for every ten settlers.[2] In 1869 the synod of the Dutch Reformed Church adopted a resolution condemning the practice, but rescinded it two years later on the grounds that the system no longer existed.[6] In the Transvaal, legislation required that males be released from indenture at the age of 25, while females were released at 21, but the law was not always observed in remote frontier districts.[1]

British attitudes towards the Inboekstelsel system were ambivalent. The British administration of Transvaal between 1877 and 1881 did not affect it.[7]

Historians like Elizabeth Eldredge and Fred Morton have argued that Inboekstelsel was a system of slavery.[3] Although legal slavery was formerly abolished in the Cape colony in 1834, the inboekstelling system allowed white settlers to continue to practice forced labour.

See also

References

  1. ^
    ISBN 978-0-521-85091-9
    .
  2. ^ a b Breckenridge, Keith. "Power Without Knowledge: Three 19th Century Colonialisms In South Africa" (PDF). University of KwaZulu-Natal. pp. 22–29. Retrieved 26 January 2014.
  3. ^
    S2CID 199314684, retrieved 2022-05-26 {{citation}}: Missing or empty |title= (help
    )
  4. ISBN 978-1-135-77078-5
    .
  5. ISBN 978-0-8214-1723-2
    .
  6. ^
    ISBN 978-1-85065-714-9
    .
  7. ISBN 978-0-582-77261-8
    .

External links
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