Infantry Company of the Lithuanian Tribunal
Hungarian Company of the Lithuanian Tribunal | |
---|---|
Active | 1698-1795 |
Country | Grand Duchy of Lithuania |
Type | Infantry |
Garrison/HQ | Maišiagala and Širvintos |
Engagements | Vilnius uprising (1794) |
The Infantry Company of the Lithuanian Tribunal (
History
During the
As the unit began forming, the Republicans decided to more firmly establish its existence through the resolution of
After the Sejm's decision, the Lithuanian Tribunal adopted the Tribunal Banner's "ordination", i.e. regulations governing the unit's composition, tasks and statutes, during the tribunal's session in
However, the Grand Hetman Sapieha did not want to recognize this military unit formed against his will.[7] The Tribunal Banner's task of maintaining order in Vilnius and protecting the Tribunal were removed by the Sapieha-influenced Tribunal that was inaugurated in 1700 after an agreement between the Sapiehas and Radvilas.[7] Instead of the banner, the elected Marshal of the Tribunal, Chancellor Radvila, relied on his private military units.[7] The decision to establish the Tribunal Banner that was only subject to the Tribunal's marshal, was approved by Lithuania's Republicans in the so-called Valkininkai resolution of 24 November 1700, which also provided for the possibility of using military coercion against Jewish communities if they did not pay the portion of the Jewish poll tax assigned to financing the military unit on time.[7] The Supreme Lithuanian Tribunal's Hungarian Infantry (sometimes also called Janissary) Banner was finally legalized in 1717 during the so-called Silent Sejm.[7] In the same session, the structure and composition (so-called Komput ) of the Lithuanian Grand Ducal Army was also established.[7] In contrast to the past, the Tribunal Banner had less financing than before, as it was only allocated 20,000 ducats, collected from the Jewish poll tax as before.[7] Notably, the Tribunal's Banner was not counted in the army's composition, which was itself only allocated 6100 posts, i.e. salary units.[7] In such a manner, the unit's autonomy from the hetman was ensured.[7] Additionally, the Sejm's constitution did not name the Tribunal Banner's garrison location or size and it can only be assumed that the aforementioned hundred soldiers and a few officers continued serving.[7] Generally, the Banner was in those cities where the Lithuanian Tribunal was in session.[7]
The Tribunal Banner was useful in strengthening the authority of the Tribunal's marshals and protected it from the direct intervention of magnates or pressure from officials.[8] Considering that an analogous unit, the Treasury Banner (Regiment) was established in the 18th century's latter half for Lithuania's Treasury, with the mission of ensuring the security and order of the treasury system at its meeting place in Gardinas.[8]
The company is supposed to have had 64 soldiers as of 22 June 1790.[9] In 1792, the company was stationed in Maišiagala and Širvintos.[1][10] In August 1793, the company had 63 soldiers.[11] On 23 April 1794, the company, with its 50 soldiers, participated in the Vilnius uprising.[12]
Bibliography
Citations
- ^ a b Gembarzewski 1925, p. 24.
- ^ Daujotas 1997, p. 9.
- ^ Stankevič 2013, p. 209.
- vle.lt(in Lithuanian). Retrieved 2022-10-31.
- ^ a b c Sliesoriūnas 2015, p. 260.
- ^ a b c d e f Sliesoriūnas 2015, p. 261.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p Sliesoriūnas 2015, p. 262.
- ^ a b Sliesoriūnas 2015, p. 263.
- ^ Estreicher 2000, p. 20; Zabespieczenie chorągwi Trybunału Gł. Lit. Actum in Curia R. Vars. 22 VI 1790 (B. w. m. i r.) fol., k. 1 nlb.
O chorągiew węgierską trybunałowi asystującą w liczbie 64 glów. - ^ Rospond 2013, p. 42; Hungarian Company of the Lithuanian Court of Justice
(S) Mejszagola & Szyrwinty (1792) - ^ Ratajczyk & Teodorczyk 1987, pp. 101–102.
- ^ kam.lt 2014.
References
- Daujotas, Jonas (1997). Surgailis, Gintautas (ed.). "LDK (Lietuvos Didžiosios Kunigaikštystės) Kariuomenė XVIII a.". Karo Archyvas (in Lithuanian). XIV. Lietuvos Respublikos krašto apsaugos ministerija.
- Estreicher, Karol (2000). Bibliografia polska (in Polish). ISBN 83-233-1488-8.
- Gembarzewski, Bronisław (1925). Rodowody pułków polskich i oddziałów równorzędnych od r. 1717 do r. 1831. )
- Ratajczyk, Leonard; Teodorczyk, Jerzy (1987). Wojsko powstania kościuszkowskiego w oczach współczesnych malarzy (in Polish). )
- Rospond, Vincent W. (2013). Polish Armies of the Partitions 1770–94. ISBN 978-1-84908855-8.
- kam.lt (2014-04-17). "Virš Valdovų rūmų pakils istorinė vėliava ir griaudės pabūklai, minėsime Vilniaus išvadavimą iš Rusijos imperijos". KAM (in Lithuanian).
- Sliesoriūnas, Gintautas (2015). Šmigelskytė-Stukienė, Ramunė (ed.). "Lietuvos Didžiosios Kunigaikštystės Vyriausiasis Tribunolas Vilniuje XVII ir XVIII amžių sandūroje - politinės kovos arena" [The Supreme Tribunal of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania in Vilnius at the junction of 17th and 18th centuries: The arena of political battles] (PDF). XVIII amžiaus studijos (in Lithuanian). 2. Lietuvos Istorijos Institutas.
- Stankevič, Adam (2013). "Lietuvos Vyriausiojo Tribunolo veikla XVIII a. II pusėje: Bajoriškosios teisės raiška". Humanitariniai mokslai, istorija. Vilnius.
- Unknown (1860). Volumina legum. Vol. VII. Petersburg.
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