Insertional mutagenesis
In
Signature tagged mutagenesis
This is a technique used to study the function of
Virus insertional mutagenesis
Because many viruses integrate their own genomes into the genomes of their host cells in order to replicate, mutagenesis caused by viral infections is a fairly common occurrence. Not all integrating viruses cause insertional mutagenesis, however.
Some DNA insertions will lead to no noticeable mutation. Historically, lentiviral vectors included strong viral promoters which had a side effect of insertional mutagenesis, nuclear DNA mutations that effect the function of a gene.
Alteration of different genes will have varying effects on the cell. Not all mutations will significantly affect the proliferation of the cell. However, if the insertion occurs in an essential gene or a gene that is involved in
Insertional mutagenesis is possible whether the virus is of the self-inactivating types commonly used in gene therapy or competent to replicate. The virus inserts a gene (known as a viral oncogene) normally near the cellular myc (c-myc)gene. The
Insertional inactivation
Insertional inactivation is a technique used in recombinant DNA engineering where a plasmid (such as pBR322)[3] is used to disable the expression of a gene.[4]
The inactivation of a gene by inserting a fragment of DNA into the middle of its coding sequence. Any future products from the inactivated gene will not work because of the extra codes added to it. An example is the use of pBR322, which has genes that respectively encode polypeptides that confer resistance to ampicillin and tetracyclin antibiotics. Hence, when a genetic region is interrupted by the integration of pBR322, the gene function is lost but new gene function (resistance to specific antibiotics) is gained.
An alternative strategy for insertional mutagenesis has been used in vertebrate animals to find genes that cause cancer. In this case a transposon, e.g.
See also
- Directed mutagenesis
- Insertion (genetics)
- PCR mutagenesis
- Site-directed mutagenesis
- Transposon mutagenesis
References
- ^ PMID 34452394.)
{{cite journal}}
: CS1 maint: date and year (link - ^ "Retroviruses". Archived from the original on May 4, 2015.
- ^ "Recombinant DNA". Archived from the original on 2012-08-05. Retrieved 2010-04-11.
- ^ "Insertional inactivation". Archived from the original on 2009-02-18. Retrieved 2010-04-11.
- S2CID 3194633.
- PMID 15020812.
External links
- Insertional+mutagenesis at the U.S. National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
- Diagram at gene-technology-online.com