Itkul culture

Coordinates: 56°05′24″N 60°18′00″E / 56.090000°N 60.300000°E / 56.090000; 60.300000
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56°05′24″N 60°18′00″E / 56.090000°N 60.300000°E / 56.090000; 60.300000

Itkul culture
Sarmatian culture

The Itkul culture (Ru: Иткульская культура, 7th-5th century BCE) is one of these Early Saka culture, based in the eastern foothills of the Urals.[2] The Itkul culture was part of an East to West mouvement of Asiatic Saka tribes towards the Ural regions during the Iron Age (c.1000 BCE and later) period.[2] Other Saka groups, such as the Tasmola culture circa 600 BCE, were also involved in similar mouvements and settled in the southern Urals.[2]

The Itkul culture was a culture of metalworkers.[3] They played a key role in exploited the metallurgical ressources of the Urals, and established fortified settlements to protect them.[3] They were probably provided of metal weapons for other tribes of the steppes.[2]

The Itkul culture was eventually assimilited into the Early

Sarmatian culture (early Prokhorovka period), and contributed to its varied genetic makeup.[2] As a result of these mouvements, a large-scale integrated union of nomads from Central Asia and the Near East formed in the area in the 5th–4th century BCE, with fairly uniformized cultural practices.[2] This cultural complex, with notable ‘‘foreign elements’’, corresponds to the ‘‘royal’’ burials of the Filippovka kurgans, and define the "Prokhorovka period" of the Early Sarmatians.[2]

  • Itkul culture artifacts: 1 to 4-Kuganak hoard 5 to 6-Akberdino 3 settlement 7-Elder Shipovo burial ground 8-Kasianov hillfort (1-4 bronze; 5-8 ceramics)
    Itkul culture artifacts: 1 to 4-Kuganak hoard 5 to 6-Akberdino 3 settlement 7-Elder Shipovo burial ground 8-Kasianov hillfort (1-4 bronze; 5-8 ceramics)
  • Itkul housing reconstruction
    Itkul housing reconstruction

References

  1. ISBN 978-0-87099-959-8
    .
  2. ^
    ISSN 0960-9822
    .
  3. ^
    ISSN 2352-409X
    .
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