James Fitz Edmond Cotter
James Fitz Edmond Cotter | |
---|---|
Born | c. 1630 Anngrove, County Cork, Ireland |
Died | 1705 Anngrove |
Buried | Brigadier General |
Commands held | A company of infantry and later a regiment of cavalry. Governor of Montserrat. Governor of the City of Cork. Commander of the military forces of a number of Irish counties. |
Battles/wars | English Civil War, Battle of Worcester, Battle of Sedgemoor, Williamite War in Ireland |
Awards | Knighthood |
Sir James Fitz Edmond Cotter (
Career
Agent of the Crown
James Cotter attached himself to the
Colonial service
Following this incident, Cotter was made a captain, and in 1666 went to the West Indies commanding a company in a newly raised regiment of foot. In 1667 he commanded 700 men in an unsuccessful attack on the island of St Christopher, which resulted in his capture by the French. In 1680 he was promoted to colonel and appointed Deputy-Governor of the island of Montserrat; in 1681 he was made the island's Governor.[6] With a royal pension and the profits from his West Indian governorship James Cotter became very wealthy and he bought out the interests of most of his immediate family in his father's former lands. He further extended his holdings in the Cork area by new purchases of land.
James II and the Williamite War in Ireland
It is likely that James Cotter was an intimate of James II and may have served at sea with the king when the king was Duke of York, and an admiral, in the war against the Dutch of 1665. King James is reported to have familiarly referred to Cotter as "Shaymus Bwee," Séamus Buidhe in Irish. In June 1685 Cotter is recorded as a Lt. Colonel serving in Sir William Clifton's Regiment of Foot. James Cotter is believed to have been knighted by King James in 1685 following the Battle of Sedgemoor. The earliest official reference to Cotter as a knight occurs in 1686, which supports this timing; the records of the occasion of the dubbing are no longer extant.[7]
James II had converted to Roman Catholicism before he succeeded to the throne, the birth to him of a son and heir who would be raised a Catholic precipitated the
Later life
In the last years of his life, he was regarded as the natural leader of the Catholic community of Cork; he devoted time and resources to patronising Irish literature and protecting Roman Catholic clergy, including John Sleyne Bishop of Cork and Cloyne, from the authorities.[12] Following his death in 1705 he was buried in his family's burial vault at Carrigtwohill, a vault he had built to hold his father's remains.
Cultural significance
Sir James Cotter was, in the style of previous generations of Irish chieftains, a great patron of poetry and other writings in the Irish language, with many poems about, or dedicated to, the Cotters by poets such as Dáibhí Ó Bruadair, Uilliam Mac Cairteáin, Uilliam Ruadh Mac Coitir (a fellow Cotter), Seán Clárach Mac Domhnaill and Éamonn do Vál surviving. Domhnall Ó Colmáin included much biographical material concerning Sir James Cotter in his tract Párliament na mBan.[12]
Family
Sir James Cotter married twice. His first marriage, to Mary daughter of
See also
Notes
- ^ If this is true he was lucky to escape capture, as Irish soldiers fighting in England were generally executed out of hand if they were captured by the Parliamentarians.
- ^ Ó Cuív, p. 141
- ^ Lee, Sidney (1903), Dictionary of National Biography Index and Epitome, p. 781 (also main entry xxxiii 341)
- Canton of Berne, hence the clandestine nature of the act.
- ^ Ó Cuív, pp. 139–143
- ^ Ó Cuív, pp. 148–150 – the island was heavily settled by the Irish, who made up a majority of the non-slave population. A proportion of the Irish were indentured servants and not far from being slaves themselves.
- ^ Ó Cuív, pp. 154–155
- ^ Journal of the Cork Historical and Archaeological Society, 1937, p. 29.
- ^ "The Parliamentary gazetteer of Ireland", A. Fullarton, 1846, p. 269.
- ^ Ó Cuív, pp. 155–157
- ^ Ó Cuív, pp. 157–158
- ^ a b c Ó Cuív, pp. 158–159
Works cited
- Ó Cuív, B. (1959) James Cotter, a Seventeenth-Century Agent of the Crown. The Journal of the Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland, Vol. 89, No. 2 (1959), pp. 135–159.
- Journal of the Cork Historical and Archaeological Society, (1937). Published by The Cork Historical and Archaeological Society.