Jean Pâris de Monmartel
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Jean Pâris de Monmartel (3 August 1690 at Moirans – 10 September 1766 at his château at Brunoy)[1] was a French financier. He was the youngest of the four Pâris brothers, who were financiers under Louis XIV and Louis XV. At the height of his fortunes he had 370,000 livres invested in the powerful Société d'Angola,[2][3] set up to deal in the Atlantic slave trade, managed by Antoine Walsh, the richest and most famous of the Irish of Nantes.[4]
He held a number of titles: marquis of Brunoy,[5] count of Sampigny, baron Dagouville, count of Châteaumeillant,[5] d'Argenton et Veuil d'Argenson, viscount de la Motte Feuilly, baron Saint-Jeanvrin, Saligny et Marigny, seigneur of Villers-sur-Mer, Chateauneuf, La Chétardie, Varenne, Lamotte-Glauville, Bourgeauville, Drubec, des Humières, Le Donjon, La Forest les Dureaux, Lamirande, Lachetardie, and other places.
Early life
The suffix "Monmartel" comes from an estate at Moirans, spelled "Montmartel", acquired by his father, which included the inn the family ran. The inn stood on the route taken by supply trains for the French army in Italy; in 1693 the Pâris boys acted as guides for the army suppliers, in whose Paris offices they eventually went to work. Jean spent his early years at Moirans in the family business, and was a soldier for a time before joining his older brothers Antoine and Claude in Paris.[6] There he benefited from the valuable network of contacts they had built up, which enabled him in his turn to begin ascending the ladder of society: as early as 1704 he had been made Intendant General of the Army of Flanders. The grain trade was particularly profitable at this time, when transport was primitive, and where the slightest shortage sent prices soaring, benefitting whoever had the means of managing large volumes of stock.
He was made War Commissar in 1709, under
Lord of Brunoy
Considered to be the richest man in the kingdom after
Fall and return
The bankruptcy of
Court banker and powerbroker
Jeanne Antoinette Poisson, Marquise de Pompadour was the goddaughter of Jean Paris de Monmartel. Her father had worked as a clerk to the Paris brothers, and this special relationship allowed him to gradually take control over the key areas of the country's policy. The Ministries of Finance, War and Foreign Affairs were indirectly controlled by Paris de Monmartel and his brother Paris Duverney. Saint Simon wrote in his Mémoires: "They (the Paris brothers) have once again become the masters of finance and the whole Court is at their feet."
As banker to the Court from 1740 and then State Counsellor from 1755, his influence was significant. The
Family
Paris Monmartel married three times: first, in 1720, to Marguerite Françoise Mégret (1704-1720), daughter of François-Nicolas Mégret d’Étigny, who had also made his fortune in the wheat trade;[6]: 53 then in 1724 to his niece Antoinette Justine Paris (d.1739). His third marriage (1746) was to Marie Armande de Béthune (1709 – 1772), sister of the Marquis of Béthune.[12]
His son Armand-Louis Joseph Paris de Monmartel (1748–81), State Counsellor, Grand Master of the Hotel of the King, Marquis de Brunoy, ceded his chateau to the
See also
- Antoine Pâris
- Claude Pâris la Montagne
- Joseph Paris Duverney
- Atlantic history
- Triangular trade
- History of slavery
References
- ^ Senée, Alain; Bonnin, Philippe (November 2004). "HISTORIQUE DES INHUMATIONS SUCCESSIVES DE LA FAMILLE MONMARTEL DANS L'EGLISE SAINT MEDARD DE BRUNOY" (PDF). Société d'Art, Histoire et Archéologie de la Vallée de l'Yerres. société d'art, histoire et archéologie de la vallée de l'yerres. Retrieved 11 September 2017.
- ISBN 978-0-521-27590-3.
- ^ Michon, Bernard. "La traite négrière nantaise au milieu du XVIIIe siècle (1748-1751)" (PDF). esclavages.cnrs.fr. Archived from the original (PDF) on 14 September 2011. Retrieved 27 January 2019.
- ISBN 978-1-4746-0336-2.
- ^ a b "Jean PÂRIS DE MONTMARTEL". Geanenet. Geanenet. Retrieved 11 September 2017.
- ^ a b Dubois-Corneau, Robert. "Paris de Monmartel (Jean), Banquier de la Cour". archive.org. Librairie E. Jean-Fontaine. Retrieved 27 January 2019.
- ^ D’Houry, Laurent. "Administration des Ponts et Chaussées" (PDF). developpement-durable.gouv.fr. Ministère de la Transition écologique. Retrieved 29 May 2023.
- ISBN 978-2-213-64865-1.
- ^ ISBN 978-0-87099-840-9.
- ISBN 978-0-87169-723-3.
- ISBN 978-0-7391-4965-2.
- ^ ISBN 978-1-317-31423-3.
- ISBN 978-1-135-17717-1.
Sources
- Association Moirans de Tout Temps, exposition sur les Frères Paris réalisée en 2003,
- Publications de la S.A.H.A.V.Y. (Société d'Art, Histoire et Archéologie de la Vallée de l'Yerres),
- En Dauphiné la jeunesse d'un grand financier » by Jean-Luc Cartannaz, article published in «Le Monmartel» no 33, December 2006 edited by the S.A.H.A.V.Y (Société d'Art, Histoire et Archéologie de la Vallée de l'Yerres)
- Marc Cheynet de Beaupré, 'Joseph Paris Duverney, financier d'État (1684-1770) - Ascension et pouvoir au Siècle des Lumières' doctoral thesis in history, Université Paris I Panthéon-Sorbonne, 2010
- Pierre-Augustin Caron de Beaumarchais, « Le Tartare à la Légion », Édition établie, ed. Marc Cheynet de Beaupré, Bordeaux, Le Castor Astral, Collection « Les Inattendus », 1998
- Irène de Château-Thierry « Hôtel Monmartel, la demeure parisienne d'un grand financier », Account of research at École du Louvre, 1993-1998
- Robert Dubois-Corneau « Jean Paris de Monmartel, Banquier de la Cour », Librairie E. Jean-Fontaine, Paris, 1917