John Fielding

Sir John Fielding
Born	16 September 1721
Died	4 September 1780 (aged 58)
Nationality	English
Other names	Blind Beak
Occupation(s)	Magistrate, social reformer
Relatives	Henry Fielding (half-brother)

Sir John Fielding (16 September 1721 – 4 September 1780) was a notable

Early life

John Fielding was born on 16 September 1721, most likely in Blenheim Street,

Very little is known about Fielding's childhood and early life; it is possible that he spent some time in service with the Royal Navy. He had poor eyesight, and in 1740 was undergoing treatment from a surgeon named James Wilkie when as a result of Wilkie's negligence Fielding was blinded. In the following year Wilkie was forced to pay £500 in damages to Fielding.^[1]

Career

Fielding joined with his brother Henry and several others in February 1750 to create the University Register Office. The aim of the organisation was to be an intermediary for business transactions in order to "bring the World...together", however over time it changed focus to function as an employment exchange and seller of "Glastonbury water". The business was based on the Strand and Fielding lived at the premises as manager.^[1]

Appointed Henry's personal assistant in 1750, John helped him to root out corruption and improve the competence of those engaged in administering justice in

When Henry died in 1754, John was appointed magistrate at Bow Street in his place, becoming renowned as the "Blind Beak", and allegedly being able to recognize three thousand criminals by the sounds of their voices. He also continued to develop his ideas on crime prevention and youth employment, helping to found the Asylum for Orphan Girls in Lambeth in 1758. He was knighted in 1761.

Personal life

Fielding married Elizabeth Whittingham of

• Charles Dickens used John Fielding as a character in his Barnaby Rudge.
• Ken Follett used John Fielding as a character in his book A Place Called Freedom.
• highwaymen and footpads
  , contains a blind justice.
• A 1984 West German television series The Blind Judge is based on his career, with Franz Josef Steffens playing Fielding
• John Fielding is a key secondary character in Lempriere's Dictionary (1991) by Lawrence Norfolk although he was dead at the time the scenes were set.
• A fictionalized Sir John Fielding is the protagonist of eleven historical detective novels published from 1994 to 2005. Set in
  Britain's Georgian period, the series was written by American author Bruce Cook
  under the pseudonym Bruce Alexander.
• John Fielding is an important character in the historical detective novel Death in the Dark Walk (1994), written by Deryn Lake.
• John Fielding is played by David Fox in the 1997 BBC production of Tom Jones, where he appears as the judge presiding over the protagonist's trial.
• John Fielding is portrayed by David Warner in the 2006 British television film of Sweeney Todd, starring Ray Winstone.
• The 2008 Channel 4 television series City of Vice is based on the crime investigation work of the Fielding brothers. Iain Glen plays John Fielding.
• John Fielding is a recurring supporting character in a series of Benjamin Franklin mysteries by Robert Lee Hall—set in London during the late 1750s. In many instances Fielding himself requests Franklin's help solving a murder.

Citations

References

• Leslie-Melville, R. (1934). The Life and Work of Sir John Fielding. Lincoln Williams.
• Pringle, Patrick (1955). Hue and Cry: The Birth of the British Police (Museum Press); US edition: Hue and Cry: The Story of Henry and John Fielding and Their Bow Street Runners (William Morrow & Co.)
• Rawlings, Philip (2004). "Fielding, Sir John". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)

External links

• The Blind Beak of Bow Street by John Dashney
• Sir John Fielding at the
  National Portrait Gallery
• Manuscript Minutes of the Lambeth Orphan's Asylum at the University of Pennsylvania Libraries detailing Fielding's involvement].