Kaarlo Edvard Kivekäs

Russian army from 1890 on, in the Pamir area,^[5] under the command of, M.E. Ionova, the leader of a Russian Expedition in 1893,^[5][4] he was fluent in Shughni,^[5][6] Tajik,^[5][6] Uzbek,^[5][6] and Kyrgyz,^[6] and reportedly understanding of the traditions and cultures of the people of the Pamir area,^[5] who purportedly held him in high regard,^[5][6] ending his service there as a Lieutenant Colonel on October 13, 1908,^[6][5][4] and later Kivekäs served in World War I, becoming a Major General on September 23, 1916.^[7] After the Finnish Civil War, he returned to Finland, being accepted as a Major General sometime around 1918.^[7][6][4] He also was the Chief of Defence of the Finnish Defence Forces in 1919.^[7] Kivekäs is the recipient of the Latvian military Order of Lāčplēsis, 2nd class.^[8]