Kink instability

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One of the earliest photos of the kink instability in action - the 3 by 25 cm pyrex tube at Aldermaston.

A kink instability (also known as a kink oscillation or kink mode) is a

Kruskal–Shafranov limit[1][2][3] and is sometimes known as the Kruskal–Shafranov (kink) instability,[4][5] named after Martin David Kruskal and Vitaly Shafranov
.

The kink instability was first widely explored in fusion power machines with Z-pinch configurations in the 1950s.[6] It is one of the common magnetohydrodynamic instability modes which can develop in a pinch plasma and is sometimes referred to as the mode.[6] (The other is the mode known as the sausage instability.)

If a "kink" begins to develop in a column the

magnetic forces on the inside of the kink become larger than those on the outside, which leads to growth of the perturbation.[6][7]
As it develops at fixed areas in the plasma, kinks belong to the class of "absolute plasma instabilities", as opposed to convective processes.

References