Lichun
| Lichun | ||
|---|---|---|
Hanyu Pinyin lì chūn | | |
| Bopomofo | ㄌㄧˋ ㄔㄨㄣ | |
| Yue: Cantonese | ||
| Yale Romanization | laahp chēun | |
| Jyutping | laap6 ceon1 | |
| Transcriptions | |
|---|---|
| Revised Romanization | Ip-Chun |
| Transcriptions | |
|---|---|
| Romanization | risshun |
| Term | Longitude
|
Dates |
|---|---|---|
| Lichun | 315° | 4–5 February |
| Yushui | 330° | 18–19 February |
| Jingzhe | 345° | 5–6 March |
| Chunfen | 0° | 20–21 March |
| Qingming | 15° | 4–5 April |
| Guyu | 30° | 20–21 April |
| Lixia | 45° | 5–6 May |
| Xiaoman | 60° | 21–22 May |
| Mangzhong | 75° | 5–6 June |
| Xiazhi | 90° | 21–22 June |
| Xiaoshu | 105° | 7–8 July |
| Dashu | 120° | 22–23 July |
| Liqiu | 135° | 7–8 August |
| Chushu | 150° | 23–24 August |
| Bailu | 165° | 7–8 September |
| Qiufen | 180° | 23–24 September |
| Hanlu | 195° | 8–9 October |
| Shuangjiang | 210° | 23–24 October |
| Lidong | 225° | 7–8 November |
| Xiaoxue | 240° | 22–23 November |
| Daxue | 255° | 7–8 December |
| Dongzhi | 270° | 21–22 December |
| Xiaohan | 285° | 5–6 January |
| Dahan | 300° | 20–21 January |
The traditional
Lichun signifies the beginning of spring in East Asian cultures.[1]
Pentads
Each solar term can be divided into 3 pentads (候). They are: first pentad (初候), second pentad (次候) and last pentad (末候). Pentads in Lichun include:
- China
- First pentad: Dōng Fēng Jiě Dòng (traditional Chinese: 東風解凍; simplified Chinese: 东风解冻; "east wind thaw")
- Yuè Lìng Qī Shí Èr Hòu Jí Jiě (月令七十二候集解) explains the name of this pentad:
It is not called the 'winter ice meets the spring wind and melts in the spring wind' thaw, but the 'east wind' thaw, because Lü Shi Chun Qiu said that the east is associated with wood, and wood generates fire,[2] so the air is warm and causes ice to thaw. (凍結于冬遇春風而解散不曰春而曰東者呂氏春秋曰東方屬木木火母也然氣溫故解凍)
- Yuè Lìng Qī Shí Èr Hòu Jí Jiě (月令七十二候集解) explains the name of this pentad:
- Second pentad (traditional Chinese: 蟄蟲始振; simplified Chinese: 蛰虫始振; pinyin: zhé chóng shǐ zhèn; "hibernating insects awaken")
- Last pentad (traditional Chinese: 魚上冰; simplified Chinese: 鱼上冰; pinyin: yú shàng bīng; "fish swim upward near ice")
- Japan
- First pentad: 東風解凍
- Second pentad: 黄鶯睍睆
- Last pentad: 魚上氷
Date and time
| year | begin | end |
|---|---|---|
| 辛巳 | 2001-02-03 18:28 | 2001-02-18 14:27 |
| 壬午 | 2002-02-04 00:24 | 2002-02-18 20:13 |
| 癸未 | 2003-02-04 06:05 | 2003-02-19 02:00 |
| 甲申 | 2004-02-04 11:56 | 2004-02-19 07:50 |
| 乙酉 | 2005-02-03 17:43 | 2005-02-18 13:31 |
| 丙戌 | 2006-02-03 23:27 | 2006-02-18 19:25 |
| 丁亥 | 2007-02-04 05:18 | 2007-02-19 01:08 |
| 戊子 | 2008-02-04 11:00 | 2008-02-19 06:49 |
| 己丑 | 2009-02-03 16:49 | 2009-02-18 12:46 |
| 庚寅 | 2010-02-03 22:47 | 2010-02-18 18:35 |
| 辛卯 | 2011-02-04 04:32 | 2011-02-19 00:25 |
| 壬辰 | 2012-02-04 10:22 | 2012-02-19 06:17 |
| 癸巳 | 2013-02-03 16:13 | 2013-02-18 12:01 |
| 甲午 | 2014-02-03 22:03 | 2014-02-18 17:59 |
| 乙未 | 2015-02-04 03:58 | 2015-02-18 23:49 |
| 丙申 | 2016-02-04 09:46 | 2016-02-19 05:33 |
| 丁酉 | 2017-02-03 15:34 | 2017-02-18 11:31 |
| 戊戌 | 2018-02-03 21:28 | 2018-02-18 17:18 |
| 己亥 | 2019-02-04 03:14 | 2019-02-18 23:03 |
| 庚子 | 2020-02-04 09:03 | 2020-02-19 04:57 |
| 辛丑 | 2021-02-03 14:58 | 2021-02-18 10:43 |
| 壬寅 | 2022-02-03 20:50 | 2022-02-18 16:43 |
| 癸卯 | 2023-02-04 02:42 | 2023-02-18 22:34 |
| 甲辰 | 2024-02-04 08:27 | 2024-02-19 04:13 |
| 乙巳 | 2025-02-03 14:10 | 2025-02-18 10:06 |
| 丙午 | 2026-02-03 20:02 | 2026-02-18 15:51 |
| 丁未 | 2027-02-04 01:46 | 2027-02-18 21:33 |
| 戊申 | 2028-02-04 07:31 | 2028-02-19 03:26 |
| 己酉 | 2029-02-03 13:20 | 2029-02-18 09:07 |
| 庚戌 | 2030-02-03 19:08 | 2030-02-18 14:59 |
Sources:
| ||
Customs
China
Lichun traditionally signifies the beginning of spring.
According to some schools of Feng Shui, if you are born after Chinese New Years but before or even on the first day of Lichun you are considered the zodiac animal of the previous Chinese lunar year.[5]
In the lunisolar calendar, New Year's Day might be before or after Lichun. A year without Lichun is called 無春年 (no spring year). 無春年 is also known as 寡婦年 (widow year) in northern China or 盲年 (blind year) in southern China. Marriage is believed to be unlucky in a year without Lichun.[6]
In the Republic of China, Lichun has been
In Singapore, there is a practice of depositing money into bank accounts on Lichun which many believe will bring them good fortune.[8]
Korea
Ipchun is the first season of the new year, so there are many farming-related events.[9]
In Ipchun, families, regardless of the city or countryside, put their writings on walls or thresholds as a blessing event.[9]
These writings are also called Ipchunchuk, Chunchuk, Ipchunseo, Ipchunbang, and Chunbang.[9]
Those who know the letters write themselves, and those who do not know how to write, ask others to write them.[9]
It is said that it is good to attach it at the time of Ipchun, but it is not written in the house where the funeral is held.[9]
About
Lichun is mentioned in literature, including in Du Fu's (杜甫) shi (詩), simply titled Lìchūn (立春):[4]: 34
春日春盤細生菜 |
This poem tells us about the traditional custom of eating chūnbǐng (春餅) on this day.
See also
- Setsubun (節分), the day before the beginning of each season, celebrated as winter changes to spring in Japan
- Egg of Li Chun
References
- ^ "Asian Cultures - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics". www.sciencedirect.com. Retrieved February 4, 2024.
- Five elements
- ^ a b "Traditional pancakes served up on holiday". China Daily. Retrieved March 26, 2023.
- ^ ISBN 957-755-300-1.
- ^ "Do You Know Which Chinese Zodiac You Belong To?". Feng Shui Beginner. December 8, 2017. Retrieved December 13, 2020.
- ^ "有关寡妇年". zhidao.baidu.com.
- ^ Farmer's Day Archived December 13, 2006, at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "DBS/POSB employees receive February salary on 'auspicious' Li Chun". Retrieved February 4, 2016.
- ^ a b c d e "입춘". terms.naver.com (in Korean). Retrieved March 28, 2021.
Further reading
- Yuè Lìng Qī Shí Èr Hòu Jí Jiě (月令七十二候集解) by Wu Cheng (吳澄)