Liquid metal electrode

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A liquid metal electrode is an

NaK.[not verified in body] They can be used in electrocapillarity, voltammetry, and impedance measurements.[1]

Dropping mercury electrode

Dropping mercury electrode

The dropping mercury electrode (DME) is a

electrochemical studies using three electrode systems when investigating reaction mechanisms related to redox chemistry among other chemical phenomena.[2][3][4][5][6]

Structure

A flow of mercury passes through an insulating capillary producing a droplet which grows from the end of the capillary in a reproducible way. Each droplet grows until it reaches a diameter of about a millimeter and releases. The released droplet is no longer in contact with the working electrode whose contact is above the capillary. As the electrode is used mercury collects in the bottom of the cell. In some cell designs this mercury pool is connected to a lead and used as the cell's auxiliary electrode. Each released drop is immediately followed by the formation of another drop. The drops are generally produced at a rate of about 0.2 Hz.

Considerations

A major advantage of the DME is that each drop has a smooth and uncontaminated surface free from any

µm
.

Hanging mercury drop electrode

Hanging Mercury Drop
Hanging mercury drop electrode

The hanging mercury drop electrode (HMDE) is a working electrode variation on the dropping mercury electrode (DME). It was developed by Polish chemist Wiktor Kemula.[7] Experiments run with dropping mercury electrodes are referred to as forms of polarography. If the experiments are performed at an electrode with a constant surface (like the HMDE) it is referred as voltammetry.

Like other working electrodes these electrodes are used in

electrochemical studies using three electrode systems when investigating reaction mechanisms related to redox chemistry among other chemical phenomenon.[8][9][10][11]

Distinction

The hanging mercury drop electrode produces a partial mercury drop of controlled geometry and surface area at the end of a capillary in contrast to the dropping mercury electrode which steadily releases drops of mercury during an experiment. The disadvantages a DME experiences due to a constantly changing surface are not experienced by the HMDE since it has static surface area during an experiment. The static surface of the HMDE means it is more likely to suffer from the surface adsorption phenomenon than a DME. Unlike solid electrodes which need to be cleaned and polished between most experiments, the self-renewing HMDE can simply release the contaminated drop and grow a clean drop between each experiment.

See also

References

  1. ISSN 0743-7463
    .
  2. ISBN 978-0-471-04372-0
    .
  3. ISBN 978-0-444-51958-0
    .
  4. ISBN 978-0-8247-9445-3
    .
  5. ISBN 978-0-03-002078-0
    .
  6. doi:10.1016/0022-0728(93)02918-8.[dead link
    ]
  7. ^ R. Narayan. "The hanging mercury drop electrode". sciencedirect.com. Retrieved 13 November 2023.
  8. ISBN 978-0-471-04372-0
    .
  9. ISBN 978-0-444-51958-0
    .
  10. ISBN 978-0-8247-9445-3
    .
  11. ISBN 978-0-03-002078-0
    .
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