List of monarchs of Mangareva
The island of
ʻakariki from the togoʻiti class.[2]
Lists of the monarchs of Mangareva
Like many Polynesian genealogies, that of Mangareva commences with the gods, or, perhaps, deified ancestors.[3][4]
- Atu-motua
- Atu-moana
- Tangaroa-mea
- Tangaroa-hurupapa
- Tu-te-kekeu
- Oroki
- Vaiamo
- Not given
- Not given
- Turu-kura
- Turu-rei
- Taivere and Taroi, sons of Ua, who came from Rarotonga with her brother Te Tupua, and married Nono of Mangareva. It is said that it was in their reign, Tupa [q.v] arrived bringing the coco-nut.
- Not given
- Taki-marama
- Toronga
- Popi, or Popi-te-moa
- Angi-a-Popi
- Tipoti, son of Angi-a-Popi and Te Puru-on u
- Tahau-mangi
- Pono-te-akariki, son of Makoha-iti and Raui-roro, nephew of Tahaumangi
- Not given
- Tama-keu. His son Etua-taorea, had a daughter, Toa-te-Etua-taorea, an unfortunate queen whose throat was pierced to introduce water she had demanded to quench her thirst. Her body, and that of her child, were eaten after her death.
- Reitapu, of Rikitea, son of Tae-Tamakeu and Tuareu; his death at Raramei-tau (at Kirimiro), where he was assassinated, occasioning the loss of Taku.
- Mahanga-vihinui, father of Ape-iti.
- Ape-iti, of Rikitea, the conqueror of Taku. Under him the great migration that peopled Reao, Pukaruha, Takoto, Vahitahi, Hao, Fakahina, Fangatu, and partly Hikueru by supplying women, took place—these are Tuamotu Islands.
- Meihara-tuharua
- Pokau
- Okeu
- Makoro-tau-eriki—in whose time there was peace, no wars.
- Mangi-tu-tavake, son of Makoro-tau-arike and his wife Makutea.
- Te Ariki-tea, son of Mangi-tu-tavake; reigned only in name. His brother Te Ariki-pongo was preferred by the people.
- Te Oa, son of Te Ariki-tea and Toatau.
- Te Mateoa (or Mapu-rure). His wife was Purure. Died circa 1830 or 1832.[5]
- Te Ika-tohora. Died circa 1824.[5]
- Te Maputeoa, Gregorio I, r. 1830–1857. Died 20 June 1857.[6]
- Joseph Gregorio II, r. 1857–1868. Died 21 November 1868.[6]
Regents
Because of King Joseph Gregorio II's minority, he ruled alongside his mother Queen Maria Eutokia Toaputeitou and uncle Elia Teoa. In 1868, Joseph Gregorio II died without issue and a regency was installed pending the birth a male heir to Agnès or Philomèle, the two surviving daughters of Maputeoa.[6][7][8][9]
- Elia Teoa, regent c. 1857, after the death of Maputeoa with Maria Eutokia for his nephew Joseph Gregorio II.[10][11]
- Maria Eutokia Toaputeitou, regent 1857–1868 with her son; then 1868–1869 alone. Retired to Rouru Convent and died 27 August 1869.[12]
- Akakio Tematereikura, regent 1869. Died 24 August 1869.[13][12]
- Arone Teikatoara, regent 1869–1873.[14] Forced to resign after kissing a girl in the street and died 30 October 1881.[15]
- Bernardo Putairi, regent 1873–1881.[7][16] Died 1 January 1889.[17][18]
- By 1881, when Henri Isidore Chessé visited the island, Bernardo Putairi had been named King after Philomèle's death.[8]
Family tree
Below is the genealogy of the royal line of Mangareva.[19][20]
Immigrants and heroes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Apeiti | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Eight generations | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Te Oa (m) | Purure (f) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Matapoto (f) | Te Mateoa (m) (?–1830) | Terehi-kura (f) | Toa-teoa (f) | Teiti-a-purepure (m) | Toa-pakia (f) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Te Ma-terehikura (m) | Te Rouru (m) | Te Ahu-o-rogo (m) | Toa-terehikura (f) | Purure (f) | Matua (m) | Toa-Matui (f) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Te Ika-Tohara (m) | Puteoa (f) | Toa-Mateoa (f) | Toa-teoaiti (f) | Toa-maevahake (f) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Bernardo Putairi* (?–1889) | Te Maputeoa (1814–1857) | Maria Eutokia (?–1869) | Arone Teikatoara** (?–1881) | Elia Teoa**[21] | Akakio Tematereikura (?–1869) | Agnès Toamani | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Joseph Gregorio II (1847–1868) | Jean Népomucène | Philomèle | Catherine[22] | Agnès Tepairu or Teiti-a-Gregorio (?–1873) | Maria Tepano Teikatoara | Agapa (?–1868) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
*Bernardo Putairi was unrelated to the royal line. He was the guardian and tutor of the two daughters of Maputeoa.
**Arone and Elia were considered brothers of Maputeoa, although it is not known if they were full-brothers or half-brothers.
References
- ^ Gonschor 2008, pp. 56–59.
- ^ Buck 1938, p. 151.
- ^ Smith 1918, pp. 130–131.
- ^ Te Rangi Hiroa (1964). Vikings of the Sunrise. Whitcombe and Tombs Limited. p. 209. Retrieved 23 January 2022 – via NZETC.
- ^ a b Laval, Newbury & O'Reilly 1968, p. 9.
- ^ a b c Laval, Newbury & O'Reilly 1968, p. 578.
- ^ a b Deschanel 1888, pp. 59–60.
- ^ a b Deschanel 1888, pp. 68.
- ^ Williamson 2013, pp. 381–382.
- ^ Cuzent 1872, pp. 117–118.
- ^ Laval, Newbury & O'Reilly 1968, p. 318.
- ^ a b Laval, Newbury & O'Reilly 1968, pp. 610–611.
- ^ Cuzent 1872, p. 144.
- ^ Deschanel 1888, pp. 27–30.
- ^ Deschanel 1888, pp. 59, 71.
- ^ Rabou 1882, pp. 799–807.
- ^ "Partie Officielle" (PDF). Journal Officiel des Etablissements Français de l'Océanie. 2 May 1889. Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 June 2015. Retrieved 27 June 2015.
- ^ "The Sunny South Seas Gambier Archipelago. A Little-Known Group". Te Aroha News, Volume VII, Issue 379, 22 June 1889, Page 6.
- ^ Laval, Newbury & O'Reilly 1968, p. cxxxix.
- ^ Buck 1938, pp. 19, 121; see also his First Field Note Book, genealogy given by Ioane Mamatai in 1934; MS Laval.
- ^ Laval, Newbury & O'Reilly 1968, p. 366.
- ^ Laval, Newbury & O'Reilly 1968, p. 343.
Bibliography
- Buck, Peter Henry (1938). Ethnology of Mangareva. Bernice P. Bishop Museum Bulletin. Vol. 157. Honolulu: Bernice P. Bishop Museum Press.
- Cuzent, Gilbert (1872). Voyage aux îles Gambier (Archipel de Mangarèva). Paris: V. Masson et Fils.
- Deschanel, Paul Eugene Louis (1888). Les intérêts français dans l'océan Pacifique. Paris: Berger-Levrault et cie.
- Gonschor, Lorenz Rudolf (August 2008). Law as a Tool of Oppression and Liberation: Institutional Histories and Perspectives on Political Independence in Hawaiʻi, Tahiti Nui/French Polynesia and Rapa Nui (PDF) (MA thesis). Honolulu: University of Hawaii at Manoa. OCLC 798846333.
- Laval, Honoré; Newbury, C. W.; O'Reilly, Patrick (1968). Mémoires pour servir à l'histoire de Mangareva: ère chrétienne, 1834-1871. Paris: Musée de l'Homme.
- Rabou, Albert (1882). "La France En Océanie". La Nouvelle Revue Quatrieme Annee. Paris. pp. 799–807.
- Smith, S. Percy (1918). "Notes on the Mangareva, or Gambier group of islands, eastern Polynesia". Journal of the Polynesian Society. 27. Wellington, NZ: Polynesian Society: 115–131.
- Williamson, Robert W. (2013). The Social and Political Systems of Central Polynesia. Vol. 3. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-1-107-62572-3.
External links
- Cahoon, Ben (2000). "French Polynesia". WorldStatesman.org. Retrieved 2012-02-25.