Lol Mahamat Choua
Lol Mahamat Choua | |
|---|---|
لول محمد شوا | |
| 4th Negué Djogo | |
| Preceded by | Goukouni Oueddei |
| Succeeded by | Goukouni Oueddei |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 15 June 1939 Mao, French Equatorial Africa[1] (present-day Chad) |
| Died | 15 September 2019 (aged 80) N'Djamena, Chad |
| Political party | Rally for Democracy and Progress |
Lol Mahamat Choua (
head of state for four months in 1979. He was the President of the Rally for Democracy and Progress
(RDP) political party.
An adherent of
First Chadian Civil War. The Popular Movement for the Liberation of Chad (MPLT), a Kanembu rebel group backed by Nigeria, along with the central government, the Armed Forces of the North (FAN) and the People's Armed Forces (FAP) were the main combatants. When a peace conference was organized in Kano
, Nigeria, the MPLT, which suffered from a lack of members, chose Lol to head its delegation to meeting.
Under Nigerian pressure, Lol was made head of the
Muammar al-Gaddafi, was formed; it was called the Democratic Revolutionary Council, and it was headed by Ahmat Acyl
, an Arab.
The problem of the rival government, and the transitional government's resistance to Nigerian influence, led to two new peace conferences, this time in Lagos, Nigeria. On 21 August an agreement between all factions, those of the CDR included, was signed; it became known as the Lagos Accord. The accord brought to the replacement of Choua with Goukouni as head of the transitional government, an act that was accomplished on 3 September.
Choua served as minister of transport in Habré's government, starting in 1982 to 1985, after returning from exile in
Kanem Region. From 15 January 1993 to 7 April 1993 the Sovereign National Conference, which initiated the transition to multiparty elections, was held. Among the decisions of the conference was to form a transitional legislative body, the Higher Transitional Council (Conseil supérieur de la transition, or CST), composed of 57 members, which had Choua as its president. Choua served as President of the CST until he came into conflict with Déby, and as a result the CST replaced him with Mahamat Bachir, a loyalist of Déby's Patriotic Salvation Movement (MPS), on 15 October 1994.[5]
In June 1996, the first multiparty
National Assembly as an RDP candidate in the first round of the 1997 parliamentary election.[7]
In the
Kanem Department.[8] Choua is the President of the RDP Parliamentary Group in the National Assembly.[9] In 2005, during the constitutional referendum
on the elimination of presidential term limits, Choua and his party boycotted the vote.
Following an August 2007 agreement between political parties on preparations for
a new parliamentary election in 2009, Choua headed a committee overseeing the implementation of the agreement.[10]
According to the RDP, on 3 February 2008, during
flagrant délit and was being held for investigation. The RDP sharply denounced this claim.[15]
On 26 February the government announced that Choua was being placed under house arrest.[16]
References
- ^ Tchad : qui était Lol Mahamat Choua ?
- ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2019-09-23. Retrieved 2019-09-15.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) - ^ Profile of Lol Mahamat Choua
- ISBN 9781134264902.
- ^ Bernard Lanne, "Chad: Regime Change, Increased Insecurity, and Blockage of Further Reforms", Political Reform in Francophone Africa (1997), ed. Clark and Gardinier, page 280.
- ^ "Rapport de la Mission d’Observation du 2è tour de l’Élection Présidentielle le 3 juillet 1996", democratie.francophonie.org (in French).
- ^ "RAPPORT DE LA MISSION D’OBSERVATION DU DEUXIEME TOURDES ELECTIONS LEGISLATIVES DU 23 FEVRIER 1997" Archived 2007-06-21 at the Wayback Machine, democratie.francophonie.org (in French).
- ^ List of members of the National Assembly Archived 2008-05-04 at the Wayback Machine (following 2002 election), ialtchad.com (in French).
- ^ List of leading figures in the National Assembly Archived 2007-03-15 at the Wayback Machine, Chadian government website (in French).
- ^ "Life returns to N'Djamena" Archived 2008-02-14 at the Wayback Machine, AFP (News24.com), February 13, 2008.
- ^ "Chad opposition targeted"[permanent dead link], AFP (The Times, South Africa), February 11, 2008.
- ^ a b "Chad president declares nationwide state of emergency" Archived 2011-05-20 at the Wayback Machine, AFP, February 14, 2008.
- ^ a b "L'opposant tchadien Lol Mahamat Choua enlevé, vivant mais toujours absent" Archived 2011-05-21 at the Wayback Machine, AFP (Jeuneafrique.com), February 15, 2008 (in French).
- ^ "Chad not holding opposition leader, says minister", Associated Press (International Herald Tribune), February 17, 2008.
- ^ "Confusion autour du sort de l'opposant disparu Ngarlejy Yorongar", AFP (Jeuneafrique.com), February 22, 2008 (in French).
- ^ "L'opposant Lol Mahamat Choua placé en résidence surveillée", AFP (Jeuneafrique.com), February 26, 2008 (in French).
- Terry M. Mays (2002). Africa's First Peacekeeping Operation: The OAU in Chad. Greenwood. ISBN 0-275-97606-8.
- Sam C. Nolutshungu (1995). Limits of Anarchy: Intervention and State Formation in Chad. University of Virginia Press. ISBN 0-8139-1628-3.
