Lollia Saturnina
Lollia Saturnina (c.10-41)[1] was a Roman noble woman who lived in the Roman Empire in the 1st century. She was the sister of the Roman empress Lollia Paulina[2] and was a mistress of the Roman emperor Caligula.[3]
Family background and early life
Saturnina was a member of the
Her father, Marcus Lollius was the son born to the consul and military officer Marcus Lollius[4] by his wife Valeria.[5] Valeria was one of the daughters of the literary patron and consul Marcus Valerius Messalla Corvinus and a sister to the Roman Senators Marcus Valerius Messalla Messallinus and Marcus Aurelius Cotta Maximus Messalinus.[6] Publius Lollius Maximus may have been her paternal uncle, or he was a close relation to his paternal grandfather.[7] Her cognomen Saturnina, she inherited from the paternal ancestry of her mother's family.
Her mother Volusia Saturnina, came from an ancient and distinguished
Marriage and Caligula
Saturnina married
Around 39, six months after Caligula divorced her sister Lollia Paulina, Saturnina became a mistress to Caligula. Caligula discussed their relationship in the presence of her husband
The freedman Marcus Lollius Philippus, who loaned large sums of money to various members of the
Inscriptional evidence
Below is the only Latin inscription which directly mentions Saturnina; it also mentions one freedman Marcus Lollius Princeps and two freedwomen Lollia Urbana and Lollia Methe.[17]
- D(is) m(anibus) s(anctum)|M(arco) Lollio Saturninae l(iberto)|Principi amico fidissimo|
- qui vixit annis LVIII et|Lollia Saturninae l(ibertae)|Urbanae contubernal(i) eius [et]|
- Lolliae Saturninae lib(ertae)|Methes sorori eius Lollia|C(aii) l(iberta) Galatea paren-
- tib(us) carislsmis fecit permissu Urlsionis contuberanal(is) mei (CIL VI 21473a).
References
- ^ A bit of History – Lollia Saturnina
- ^ A bit of History – Lollia Saturnina
- ^ a b Seneca the Younger, De Constantia sapientis, 18,2
- ^ a b Marcus Lollius’ article at Livius.org
- ^ Genealogy of Lollius by D.C. O’Driscoll
- ^ Genealogy of Lollius by D.C. O’Driscoll
- ^ Harrison, Homage to Horace: A Bimillenary Celebration, p.290
- Annales, III.30
- ^ Romeins Imperium – Lucius Quintus Volusius Saturninus translated from Dutch to English
- ^ Rickman, Roman Granaries and Store Buildings, p.169
- ^ a b Wiseman, Talking to Virgil: A Miscellany, p. 75
- ^ Wiseman, Talking to Virgil: A Miscellany, pp.74f
- ^ Romeins Imperium – Lollia Paulina translated from Dutch to English
- ^ Genealogy of Lollius by D.C. O’Driscoll
- ^ The Roman World: Gallia Narbonensis's Urbs of Vienna Archived 2013-12-19 at archive.today
- ^ Andreau, Banking and Business in the Roman World, p. 74
- ^ Bernard J. Kavanagh, "Lollia Saturnina", Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik, 136 (2001), pp. 229-232
Sources
- Seneca the Younger, De Constantia sapientis
- Tacitus, The Annals of Imperial Rome
- Horace - Edited by O.A.W Dilke, Horace: Epistles Book I, Taylor & Francis
- G. Highet, The Classical Tradition: Greek and Roman Influences on Western Literature, Oxford University Press, 1949
- G. Rickman, Roman Granaries and Store Buildings, CUP Archive, 1971
- T.P. Wiseman, Talking to Virgil: A Miscellany, University of Exeter Press, 1992
- S.J. Harrison, Homage to Horace: A Bimillenary Celebration, Oxford University Press, 1995
- The Roman World: Gallia Narbonensis's Urbs of Vienna
- A bit of History – Lollia Saturnina
- Lollius by D.C. O’Driscoll
- Genealogy of Volusius Saturninus by D.C. O’Driscoll
- Marcus Lollius’ article at Livius.org
- Romeins Imperium – Lucius Quintus Volusius Saturninus translated from Dutch to English
- Romeins Imperium – Lollia Paulina translated from Dutch to English
- Bernard J. Kavanagh, "Lollia Saturnina", Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik, 136 (2001), pp. 229-232