Louis Paul Cailletet
Louis Paul Cailletet | |
|---|---|
 Louis Paul Cailletet | |
| Born | 21 September 1832 |
| Died | 5 January 1913 (aged 80) |
| Nationality | French |
| Known for | Liquefaction of gases |
| Awards | Davy Medal (1878) |
| Scientific career | |
| Fields | Physics |
Louis-Paul Cailletet (21 September 1832 – 5 January 1913) was a French physicist and inventor.
Life and work
Cailletet was born in
blast furnaces
, which helped him understand the role of heat in the changes of states (phases) of metals. This brought him to the work of liquefying the various gases.
Cailletet succeeded in producing droplets of
Joule-Thomson effect; oxygen was cooled while highly compressed, then allowed to rapidly expand, cooling it further, resulting in the production of small droplets of liquid oxygen.[2]
Among his other achievements, Cailletet installed a 300-m/985-ft high manometer on the Eiffel Tower; conducted an investigation of air resistance on falling bodies; made a study of a liquid-oxygen breathing apparatus for high-altitude ascents; and developed numerous devices, including automatic cameras, an altimeter, and air-sample collectors for sounding-balloon studies of the upper atmosphere.
See also
- Liquefaction of gases
- Timeline of low-temperature technology
References
- S2CID 4060793.
- ^ For biographical and scientific details, see Sloan, T. O'Connor (1920). Liquid Air and the Liquefaction of Gases. New York: Norman W. Henley. pp. 173–202.
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