Lucius Appuleius Saturninus
Lucius Appuleius Saturninus (died late 100 BC) was a
Biography
Quaestor
As
First Tribuneship
In 103 BC, he was elected tribune of the plebs. He entered into an agreement with Gaius Marius, and in order to gain the favour of his soldiers proposed that each of his veterans should receive an allotment of 100 iugera of land in the Roman province of Africa. He was also chiefly instrumental in securing the election of Marius to his fourth consulship (102 BC).
An opportunity to retaliate against the
One of the chief objects of Saturninus's hatred was
Second Tribuneship
Marius, on his return to Rome after his victory over the
Colonies were to be founded in
A clause provided that, within 5 days after the passing of the law, every senator should take an oath to observe it, under penalty of being expelled from the senate and heavily fined. All the senators subsequently took the oath except Metellus Numidicus, who went into exile. Saturninus also brought in a bill, the object of which was to gain the support of the people by supplying grain at a nominal price. The bill either reduced the already cheap price fixed by the corn-law of
Downfall and death
Marius, finding himself overshadowed by his colleagues and compromised by their excesses, thought seriously of breaking with them, and Saturninus and Glaucia saw that their only hope of safety lay in their retention of office. At the elections for 99, held probably in late summer–autumn 100, Saturninus was elected tribune for the third time for the year beginning December 10 100, and Glaucia, although at the time praetor and therefore not eligible until after the lapse of 2 years, was a candidate for the consulship.
This produced a complete revulsion of public feeling. The Senate met on the following day, declared Saturninus and Glaucia public enemies, and issued the so-called 'final decree' (senatus consultum ultimum) calling upon Marius to defend the State. Marius had no alternative but to obey. Saturninus, defeated in a pitched battle in the Roman Forum, took refuge with his followers in the Capitol, where, the water supply having been cut off, they were forced to capitulate. Marius, having assured them that their lives would be spared, removed them to the Curia Hostilia, intending to proceed against them according to law. But the more impetuous members of the aristocratic party climbed onto the roof, stripped off the tiles, and stoned Saturninus and many others to death. Glaucia, who had escaped into a house, was dragged out and killed.[6]
Descendants
His daughter
Cultural depictions
The historical novels
References
Citations
- ISBN 9781136922596. Retrieved 30 December 2019.
- ISBN 978-0-470-77522-6. Retrieved 30 December 2019.
- ^ A.H. Beesely, The Gracchi, Marius, and Sulla Epochs of Ancient History, (Kindle edition), ch. VII., p. 62
- ^ Beesely, ibid
- ^ Beesely, ibid.
- ISBN 978-0-470-77522-6. Retrieved 30 December 2019.
- ISBN 978-0-19-109187-2. Retrieved 30 December 2019.
- ^ "The First Man in Rome — The Apotheosis of Gaius Marius! | Hacienda Publishing". haciendapublishing.com.
Bibliography
- Appian, Bell. civ. i. 28–33
- Diod. Sic. xxxvi 12
- Plutarch, Marius, 28–30
- Livy, Epit. 69
- Florus iii. 16
- Velleius Paterculus ii. 12
- Auctor ad Herennium i. 21
- Aurelius Victor, De viris illustribus, 73
- Orosiusv. 17
- Cicero, Pro Balbo, 21, 48, Brutus, 62, De oratore, ii. 49, De haruspicum responsis, 19, Pro Sestio, Pro Rabirio, passim
- Mommsen, Hist. of Rome (Eng. trans.), bk. iv. ch. 6
- G. Long, Decline of the Roman Republic, ii. ch. 10
- E. Klebs in Pauly-Wissowa's Realencyclopädie, ii. 1 (1896)
public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Saturninus, Lucius Appuleius". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 24 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 233–234.
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