Manfred Sakel
Manfred Sakel | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Born | June 6, 1900 |
| Died | December 2, 1957 (aged 57) |
| Nationality | American |
| Alma mater | University of Vienna |
| Known for | insulin shock therapy |
Manfred Joshua Sakel (June 6, 1900 – December 2, 1957) was an
neurophysiologist and psychiatrist, credited with developing insulin shock therapy
in 1927.
Biography
Sakel was born on June 6, 1900, in
Frederick Parsons, the state commissioner of mental hygiene, he chose to emigrate from Austria to the United States of America. In the USA, he became an attending physician and researcher at the Harlem Valley State Hospital
.
Dr. Sakel was the developer of the
drug addicts and psychotics, sometimes dramatically so. He reported that up to 88% of his patients improved with insulin shock therapy, but most other people reported more mixed results and it was eventually shown that patient selection had been biased and that it didn't really have any specific benefits and had many risks, adverse effects and fatalities. However, his method became widely applied for many years in mental institutions worldwide. In the USA and other countries it was gradually dropped after the introduction of the electroconvulsive therapy in the 1940s and the first neuroleptics in the 1950s.[3]
Dr. Sakel died from a heart attack[4] on December 2, 1957, in New York City, NY, USA.
Footnotes
- ISBN 3-927408-82-4
- .
- ^ Edward Shorter, David Healy. Shock Therapy: A History of Electroconvulsive Treatment in Mental Illness. Rutgers University Press, 2013
- ^ Time - Milestones, December 16, 1957
Further reading
- Peters, U H (1992), "[Introduction of shock therapy and psychiatric emigration]", Fortschritte der Neurologie-Psychiatrie, vol. 60, no. 9 (published Sep 1992), pp. 356–365, S2CID 71208271
- "Manfred J. Sakel", Journal of Clinical and Experimental Psychopathology, vol. 15, no. 3, p. 319, 1954, PMID 13221647
- Fink, M (1984), "Meduna and the Origins of Convulsive Therapy", American Journal of Psychiatry, 141(9): 1034-1041 (This historical and biographical paper discusses the introduction of the shock treatment in psychiatry, the role of a theory of the biological antagonism between epilepsy and schizophrenia, and the contributions of Ladislas J. Meduna, Sakel, Ugo Cerletti, and Lucio Bini.)
- Doroshow, DB: Performing a Cure for Schizophrenia: Insulin Coma Therapy on the Wards. Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences, Advance Access published online on November 14, 2006
- Jones, K. Insulin coma therapy in schizophrenia. J. Royal Soc. Med, 93: 147-149, 2000.
External links
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