Mangkunegara I
This article includes a list of general references, but it lacks sufficient corresponding inline citations. (July 2015) |
Mangkunegara I | |
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Kanjeng Gusti Pangeran Adipati Arya Mangkunegara I Senapati ing Ayudha | |
1st Ruler of Mataram | |
Father | Kanjeng Gusti Pangeran Arya Mangkunegara, Crown Prince of Mataram |
Mother | Raden Ayu Wulan |
Kangjeng Gusti Pangeran Adipati Arya Mangkunegara I, also known as Pangeran Sambernyawa ("Life Reaping Prince"), his birth name was Raden Mas Said (April 7, 1725 – December 28, 1795), established the Puro
Personal life
Mangkunegara was given the nickname "Life Reaping Prince" by Nicolaas Hartingh because the prince had brought his enemies to death during the war.[citation needed] Hatingh was the Dutch East India Company's Governor of the Northeast Coast of Java, located in Batavia.
He was born on 7 April 1726 in Kartasura.[2] Mangkunegara was brought up by his mother, Raden Ayu Wulan and his father, Prince Mangkunegara Kartasura. His maternal grandfather was Prince Sambernyawa Balitar and his paternal grandfather was Amangkurat IV, King of Mataram.
War Against Dutch East India Company
Raden Mas Said (RM Said) war against the Dutch East India Company started with the rebellion in Kartasura Palace on June 30, 1742, which was led by Raden Mas Garendi (a.k.a Sunan Kuning) and destroyed the four meters of Kartasura’s castle wall. Pakubuwono II, the ruler of Kartasura Palace at that time, evacuated himself to Ponorogo Regency. RM Said was 19 years old when he joined his brother,
But the king’s request for reinforcement from the Dutches is not for free, and must be paid expensively; the north region of Java, from Rembang, Pasuruan, Surabaya, and Madura Island must be handed over to the Dutch East India Company. Also, every coronation and promotion in the palace must receive approval from the Dutch Company first. When Prince
So many events happened after fighting against the Dutch Company, Prince Mangkubumi and Prince Mangkunegara had a conflict about politics. RM Said had to fight the Dutch East India Company alone. And finally, Mataram was divided into two by the Treaty of Giyanti on February 13, 1755. This treaty was rejected by RM Said because it could ruin the unity of the Mataram people. Over the 16 years, RM Said fought 250 marvelous battles against the Dutch Company. From that, the Dutches called RM Said “The Soul Reaper” because he is the nightmare of his enemies. RM Said greatness in war strategy was not just praised by his followers but also feared by his enemies. Even the Dutch governor of East Java, Baron van Hohendorff, admitted RM Said’s brilliance in war.
References
- ^ "Mangkoenagaran: K.G.P.A.A. MANGKUNEGARA I". mangkoenagaran.blogspot.com. Retrieved 19 July 2015.
- ISBN 978-981-4722-84-1
Sources
- Soekanto, Dr., "About Djogjakarta" 1755-1825, Djakarta: Mahabharata, Amsterdam, 1952
- Anderson, BRO’G. The Idea of Power in Javanese Culture dalam Anderson, BRO’G. Language and Power: Exploring Political Cultures in Indonesia. Cornell University Press. 1990.
- Buwono XII (Sunan of Surakarta), Paku (2006). Karaton Surakarta: A Look into the Court of Surakarta Hadiningrat, Central Java. Marshall Cavendish Editions. ISBN 978-981-261-226-7.
- Miksic, John N.(general ed.), et al. (2006) Karaton Surakarta. A look into the court of Surakarta Hadiningrat, central Java (First published: 'By the will of His Serene Highness Paku Buwono XII'. Surakarta: Yayasan Pawiyatan Kabudayan Karaton Surakarta, 2004) Marshall Cavendish Editions Singapore
- Ricklefs, M. C. (1982). Jogjakarta Under Sultan Mangkubumi, 1749-1792: A History of the Division of Java. University Microfilms.