Mantal
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A mantal (Finnish: manttaali) is an obsolete unit once used in Finland and Sweden to measure the size and productivity of a piece of land. In the 1900s, the mantal lost its relevance because crown land taxes ceased to exist and the government started drawing revenue from income taxes.[citation needed] Today, mantal values are only used in connection with some rural obligations and rights, while the size of farms in Finland is reported in hectares.
A mantal measures both physical area and monetary worth as it takes into account the productivity of the land. It is a
A
Background
In late medieval and early modern government, a "mantal" referred to a
Another explanation of the mantal is that of one man cultivating a plot to feed his nuclear family, but some argue against that idea, citing examples of bunches of farms of about 0.05 mantals which each fed one household (one nuclear family and perhaps a few more persons).[1] Against this it is argued that the one warrior model was more meaningful from the perspective of the governments of those ages.[1]
According to Kiesi, a farm of one mantal was considered large. Hectarages of estates of one mantal were around 500-1000 hectares. In some regions of Finland this was considered a manor, not merely one farm.[1] Kiesi further states that hectarages of farms were totally dependent on what kind of land the farm owned. A one mantal farm in northern Finland was larger than one in more fertile southern Finland.[2]
Mantal values were assigned to
Since about 1720, Finnish land records of independent farms have generally contained the following information: jurisdictional district, parish, village, number in the village, number of households, old mantal value and new mantal value, along with the nature of the land and how the farm's taxes were used.[citation needed]
In the 1900s, mantal values were no longer relevant as crown land taxes ceased to exist and the government started drawing revenue from income taxes.[
See also
References
- ^ a b c d e f Sjöström 2011, p. 433.
- ^ a b Kiesi Kalevi. "mantal". Archived from the original on 7 March 2012.
- ^ Robert Plogman. "mantal". Archived from the original on 11 June 2007.
Bibliography
- Sjöström, M (January 2011). Medieval landed inheritances of the Junkar and Vilken lineages of Vehkalahti, Finland. Vol. 3. pp. 425–461.
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