Marie-Thérèse Lucidor Corbin
Marie-Thérèse Lucidor Corbin (1749–1834) was an 18th-century French Creole activist.[1] She celebrated the abolition of slavery in the French colonies by delivering a speech and singing a hymn to coloured citizens, set to the tune of La Marseillaise.[2]
Life
Corbin's father was Andre Lucidor, a former slave from
Marie-Thérèse was arrested in November 1792, and accused of involvement in the theft of the
After the Law of 4 February 1794 (16 pluviôse) abolished slavery in all the French colonies, Lucidor Corbin delivered an impassioned speech at the Temple of Reason at Notre-Dame:
O French people, the great day has arrived […] Liberty, Equality reign over our hemisphere […] our chains are broken forever […] O Marat, why are you not present […] and you, Ogée, free man of colors, our brother and friend, died first victim murdered by the aristocracy in our Isles […] we swear to defend Liberty, Equality and support the one and indivisible Republic.[3]
She then sang a 'hymn of the coloured citizens' to the tune of La Marseillaise:
Free people come to this Temple throwing flowers on these heroes
They have freed their country from the shameful irons of slavery
In February 1795 she published a long text on national education in the French colonies. The text's close familiarity with Saint-Domingue suggests others like Julien Raimond or Léger-Félicité Sonthonax may have helped her write it. She continued to appeal for public assistance, presenting herself as a refugee to claim aid, and may have continued to work as a police informer.[2]
Her daughter Marie-Constance entered the Conservatoire de Paris along with the future opera singer Alexandrine-Caroline Branchu, another mixed race student. However Marie-Constance did not achieve success as a singer, and died in 1808. Marie-Therese was admitted to the Hospice des Incurables on the Rue de Sèvres, where she died on 31 January 1834, aged 81.[2]
Works
- Discours de la citoyenne Lucidor F. Corbin, créole, républicaine, prononcée par elle-même au Temple de la Raison, l'an 2e de la liberté. Paris: Coutubrier, [1794].
- Hymne des citoyens de couleurs. 1794.
- Aperçu d’une Républicaine Française sur les colonies pour y établir des éducations nationales. Fait par la Citoyenne Lucidor femme Corbin, créolle. 1795.
References
- ^ "Corbin, Lucidor (fl. 18th c.)". Dictionary of Women Worldwide: 25,000 Women Through the Ages. Retrieved 19 May 2021.
- ^ a b c d e Pierre Bardin (July–August 2009). "LUCIDOR, ancien esclave, et sa fille Marie-Thérèse, à Paris". Généalogie et Histoire de la Caraïbe. 227: 5982–4. Retrieved 18 May 2021.
- ^ Speech of Citoyenne Lucidor Corbin, delivered at the Temple of Reason (30 Pluviôse, Year II)