Masurius Sabinus
Masurius Sabinus, also Massurius, was a
patronage. Masurius was the first person to give "state-certified opinions" (publice respondere),[4] a privilege granted by the emperor which marked increasing imperial control over the judicial process after the end of the Roman Republic. Before the Principate of Augustus, the value of legal opinions was based on the expertise of those who gave them.[5] The passage in the Digest of Justinian that discusses the granting of Masurius's authority is thus a pivotal point in the history of Roman law.[6]
Masurius was a leader of the Javolenus Priscus, and Salvius Julianus. Gaius Ateius Capito was the founder of the school.[7] They were rivals to the Proculiani, named after Proculus, but despite many references in Gaius to their controversies,[8] it is hard to disentangle consistent views for each.[9] Gaius seems to have counted himself among the Sabinians.[10] It may be that the Sabinian school were strict constructivists, while the Proculians exercised greater latitude in their arguments.[11]
Masurius's principal work was a treatise on
ius civile) in three volumes, which had extensive influence.[12] Later jurists such as Ulpian wrote commentaries on his work, but preserved no excerpts.[13]
References
- ^ Juan Luis Vives, Early Writings (Brill, 1991), vol. 2, p. 87.
- ^ O.F. Robinson, The Sources of Roman Law: Problems and Methods for Ancient Historians (Routledge, 1997), p. 8.
- ^ Frederick Tomkins, The Institutes of Roman Law (London, 1867), p. 119.
- ^ Digest 1.2.2,48–50. Alan Watson, The Digest of Justinian (University of Pennsylvania Press, 1998), n.p. online.
- ^ Robinson, Sources of Roman Law, p. 8.
- ^ Kaius Tuori, Ancient Roman Lawyers and Modern Legal Ideals: Studies on the Impact of Contemporary Concerns in the Interpretation of Ancient Roman Legal History (Vittorio Klostermann, 2007), p. 75.
- ^ James Muirhead, The Institutes of Gaius and Rules of Ulpian (Edinburgh, 1880), p. 586.
- ^ Muirhead, Institutes, p. 586.
- ^ Adolf Berger, Encyclopedic Dictionary of Roman Law (American Philosophical Society, 1953), p. 687. Gaius describes the Proculians as diversae scholae auctores, authorities whose school whose views were not consistent.
- ^ Referring to them nostri praeceptores, "our teachers"; Muirhead, Institutes, p. 586.
- ^ Tomkins, Institutes, p. 93.
- ^ George Mousourakis, The Historical and Institutional Context of Roman Law (Ashgate, 2003), p. 296.
- ^ Tomkins, Institutes, p. 119.
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