Nástup

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For the 1953 Czechoslovak film, see Nástup (film).

Nástup, volume 7 issue 6 (1938)

Nástup (translated as "line up"

ethnonationalism, and antisemitism. Founded by Ferdinand Ďurčanský and his brother Ján, the magazine was oriented at younger Slovak Catholics, especially university students. Its readers, the most radical wing of the Slovak People's Party, were called "Nástupists"[2] or "Nástup faction";[5] many of them had been previously affiliated with Rodobrana paramilitary and later with the Hlinka Guard
paramilitary.

Noted for its hostility to the Czechoslovak state and its insistence that Jews could never be part of the Slovak nation, the paper admired some aspects of

Yetayashu Jelínek described Nástup as offering "a sui generis brand of extreme rightist ideology".[6] Ultimately, the paper was banned and shut down in 1940 following Nazi interference in the Salzburg Conference
, as Nástup favored an independent, as opposed to pro-German, foreign policy.

History

Nástup was founded by Ferdinand Ďurčanský and his brother Ján in April 1933 following the decline of the Rodobrana paramilitary organization, officially dissolved in 1929. Officially, its name was Nástup mladej slovenskej autonomistickej generácie (The Ascent of the Young Slovak Autonomist Generation), but it was commonly referred to as Nástup.[7][8] Historian Sabine Witt suggests that the title may derive from the 1929 poem "Nástup otrávených" (The Deployment of the Poisoned) by Andrej Žarnov, which was banned for its advocacy of Slovak autonomy.[9] Published semimonthly,[1][10] Nástup was popular among young Slovak nationalists,[9] especially students and university graduates.[1][11] Editorial staff was derived from the Slovak People's Party's main publication, Slovák [sk] (Karol Murgaš [de]), as well as Rozvoj (Jozef M. Kirschbaum [sk]).[12][5] There was a significant continuity between Rodobrana, Nástup, and the later Hlinka Guard paramilitary, founded in 1938.[9][5] Vojtech Tuka and Alexander Mach, some of the movers behind the creation of Rodobrana, were also key members of the Nástup faction[5] and supported the paper.[13]

In 1933, Nástupists disrupted a commemoration event for

Polish Foreign Ministry.[16] Although Hlinka once denied that Nástup had any affiliation with the Slovak People's Party, in fact all of the periodical's writers were party members and wielded increasing influence over Hlinka and his party.[17] The paper was banned again following the July 1940 Salzburg Conference in which the Germans targeted Nástupists, objecting to their refusal to follow an exclusively pro-German foreign policy,[6] and permanently discontinued the same year.[4]

Content

According to Israeli historian Gila Fatran, Nástup was the first Czechoslovak newspaper "to come out openly with anti-Czech, antisemitic and anti-democratic statements".

Sudeten German radical Konrad Henlein, and it was skeptical that the Slovak People's Party could accomplish its goals by democratic means.[17]

The first issue also contained a pseudonymously authored two-part article on

anti-clerical element of Nazism. Nevertheless, historian Thomas Lorman wrote that, despite attempts to distinguish its ideology from Nazism, this could come across as ambiguous or a "perfunctory afterthought".[20] From its first issue, the paper predicted the victory of Nazism all over Europe.[17]

Israeli historian

racial or ethnic definition for the Slovak nation and "cleansing" of minority groups, especially Jews.[5][17]

Nástup promoted antisemitism, and "blamed Jews for everything",

Judeo-Bolshevism.[7] In the first issue, the paper argued for extending the Nazi boycott of Jewish businesses to Slovakia and urged readers to "shop only in Slovak shops... advertise only in Slovak newspapers... give jobs only to Slovaks".[17] The periodical argued that Jews constituted a separate race from Slovaks.[17][9] A typical claim was that Jews try "to subvert what is steadfast, to devalue what is valuable, to disrupt what is harmonizing, and to corrupt what is beautiful".[17] The paper also connected the Czechoslovak tolerance for Jews with previous tolerance by Hungarian authorities, condemning both.[17]
According to Nástup in 1938:

A Jew brought up on the text of the Talmud will always remain Jewish, and can never become Christian... It is necessary to eliminate Jews from the life of Christian nations. It is necessary to chase Jews from Christian nations. Jews must be deprived of all influence, their property, acquired by fraudulent means, must be confiscated, we must begin to act.[21]

References

Citations

  1. ^ a b c d Ward 2013, p. 115.
  2. ^ a b Gromada 1969, p. 460.
  3. ^ Szabó 2018, p. 895.
  4. ^ a b c d Zemko 2006, p. 117.
  5. ^ a b c d e Kallis 2008, p. 246.
  6. ^ a b c Jelínek 1971, p. 247.
  7. ^ a b Zemko 2006, pp. 108, 117.
  8. ^ Lorman 2019, pp. 196, 204.
  9. ^ a b c d e f g h Witt 2014, p. 273.
  10. ^ Zemko 2006, p. 108.
  11. ^ Nedelsky 2012, p. 92.
  12. ^ Witt 2014, p. 115.
  13. ^ Lorman 2019, p. 196.
  14. ^ Lorman 2019, p. 206.
  15. ^ a b c d Ward 2013, p. 136.
  16. ^ Gromada 1969, pp. 459–460.
  17. ^ a b c d e f g h i Lorman 2019, p. 205.
  18. ^ Fatran, Gila. "Slovakia's Righteous among the Nations". Yad Vashem. Retrieved 3 October 2020.
  19. ^ Felak 1995, p. 158.
  20. ^ Lorman 2019, pp. 204–205.
  21. ^ "Slovak Party Launches Anti-Jewish Drive". Jewish Telegraphic Agency. 22 November 1938. Retrieved 10 December 2019.

Sources

External links

Media related to Nástup at Wikimedia Commons

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