Nanodisc
A nanodisc is a synthetic model membrane system which assists in the study of
The art of making nanodiscs has progressed past using only the MSPs and lipids to make particles, leading to alternative strategies like peptide nanodiscs that use simpler proteins and synthetic nanodiscs that do not need any proteins for stabilization.
MSP nanodisc
The original nanodisc was produced by apoA1-derived MSPs from 2002.[3] The size and stability of these discs depend on the size of these proteins, which can be adjusted by truncation and fusion. In general, MSP1 proteins consist of one repeat, and MSP2s are double-sized.[7][8]
Peptide nanodisc
In peptide nanodiscs, the lipid bilayer is screened by
Synthetic/Native nanodisc
Another way to mimic the native lipid membrane are synthetic polymers. Styrene-maleic acid co-polymers (SMAs)[12][13] called SMALPs or Lipodisq and Diisobutylene-maleic acid (DIBMA)[14] are such synthetic polymers (DIBMALPs). They can solubilize membrane proteins directly from cells or raw extract. They also have been used to study the lipid composition of several organisms.[15][16][17] It was discovered that all synthetic polymers which contained a styrene and maleic acid group can solubilize proteins.[18] These SMA nanoparticles have also been tested as possible drug delivery vehicle[19] and for the study of folding, post-translational modifications and lipid interactions of membrane proteins by native mass spectrometry.[20]
References
- .
Nanodiscs are self-assembling nanoscale phospholipid bilayers that are stabilized using engineered membrane scaffold proteins.
- PMID 33429348.
- ^ .
- PMID 19836392.
- PMID 20828154.
- PMID 20685623.
- PMID 15025475.
- PMID 20817758.
- ^
Midtgaard SR, Pedersen MC, Kirkensgaard JJ, Sørensen KK, Mortensen K, Jensen KJ, Arleth L (February 2014). "Self-assembling peptides form nanodiscs that stabilize membrane proteins". Soft Matter. 10 (5): 738–52. PMID 24651399.
- ^
Larsen AN, Sørensen KK, Johansen NT, Martel A, Kirkensgaard JJ, Jensen KJ, et al. (July 2016). "Dimeric peptides with three different linkers self-assemble with phospholipids to form peptide nanodiscs that stabilize membrane proteins". Soft Matter. 12 (27): 5937–49. PMID 27306692.
- ^
Kondo H, Ikeda K, Nakano M (October 2016). "Formation of size-controlled, denaturation-resistant lipid nanodiscs by an amphiphilic self-polymerizing peptide". Colloids and Surfaces. B, Biointerfaces. 146: 423–30. PMID 27393815.
- PMID 30940445.
- PMID 19449872.
- PMID 29160078.
- PMID 33215301.
- PMID 33594255.
- PMID 31102583.
- ^ "Diisobutylene-maleic acid (DIBMA)". Cube Biotech. Retrieved 2019-02-21.
- PMID 32970975.
- PMID 33787280.
External links
- Nanodisc Technology from the Stephen Sligar laboratory
- Assembled nanodiscs for application with cell-free lysates
- HDL and Nanodiscs an overview of nanodisc technology at UIUC
- Phospholipid Bilayer Nanodiscs A summary from the Atkins lab at the University of Washington
- Purchase the MSP The plasmid for the MSP is available from AddGene
- SMA native nanodiscs website International research community website using SMA or other polymers (DIBMA for e.g.) as an alternative to conventional detergents and synthetic lipid environment found in MSP-Nanodisc.