Noyan
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Noyan (pl. noyad), or Toyon, was a
title of authority which was used to refer to civil-military leaders of noble ancestry in the Central Asian Khanates with origins in Noyon, which was used as a title of authority in the Chagatai Khanate of the Mongol Empire. In modern times, Noyan is used as a given name or surname in Asia and throughout Central Asia meaning "the lord", "the prince", "the protector", "the commander-in-chief".[1]
Pre-Genghisid period
Initially, Noyan was a title for chieftains of Mongolian nomad communities.[2]
Mongol Empire and successor states
Under
of China gave the equivalent as guanren (官人).Usually, "Noyon" followed the name of a person similar to the usage of the title "Khan" or "Bey".
Qing dynasty
The
nobleman, since Mongolia was mostly at peace. After 1921 the word Darga (boss) replaced the aristocratic Noyon as the term for officials.[4]
Modern Mongolia
In modern Mongolian, the word is used as a form of address similar to "Mister" or "Monsieur".
Religious context
In the mongolian shamanism and folk religion the Noyad are a class of local spirits. They are regarded as descendants of gods or clan elders.[5]
Noyon is also used as an honorary title in mongolian buddhism for the incarnation line of the Noyon Khutagt.
Notable Noyons
- Qarachar Barlas
- Qubilai Barlas
- Ichil Barlas
- Yesunte Möngke Barlas*
- Baiju
- Chormaqan
- Jebe
- Subutai
- Dulduityn Danzanravjaa (the Fifth Noyon Khutagt)
- Muqali
- Boroldai*
- Taghachar*
Notes
- ^ "Noyan".
- ^ "Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition".
- ISBN 978-0-231-14054-6.
- ^ C.P.Atwood-Encyclopedia of Mongolia, p.412
- ^ "Krystyna Marie Chabros (1991): A Mongol procedure for the management of energy: the 'dalalya' ritual and its texts, p.82" (PDF).