Oude Ram Afrikaner

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Oude Ram Afrikaner (early 18th century in the Tulbagh farmlands in

Khoikhoi and slaves from Madagascar, India, and Indonesia. Members of this mixed race are today sometimes called African Creole people or Creole Africans, as well as Coloureds.[1]

The group around Oude Ram was the first to refer to themselves not as being from a specific tribe but to use the continental description, African.[1] This is how Oude Ram and his descendants got the surname Afrikaner, and their language the name Afrikaans. Only much later in the second half of the 19th century did the Cape Dutch adopt this attribution, too.[2][3] The Khoi and mixed-race peoples became known, collectively, as Coloureds,[1] a term which was introduced by the British administration.[4] There is not much known about the biography of Oude Ram and the Orlams' pre-1760 history. It is documented that his clan came in conflict with the

South-West Africa in the 1770s.[5]

Oude Ram Afrikaner was the first in the genealogy of the Orlam Afrikaners. After Oude Ram had died and his son

South-West Africa in the 1770s[5] and founded the fortress ǁKhauxaǃnas at the end of the 18th century,[6] and it ended with the death of Christian Afrikaner, Oude Ram's great grandson, in 1863.[7]

References

  1. ^ a b c "Slavery in the Cape". Institute for the Study of Slavery and its Legacy – South Africa. Archived from the original on 27 August 2011. Retrieved 8 July 2010.
  2. ^ "The Orlams Afrikaners – the Creole Africans of the Garieb". Cape Slavery Heritage. Retrieved 8 July 2010.[permanent dead link]
  3. ^ "The Creation of Tribalism in Southern Africa". Currey University of California Press. Retrieved 4 June 2011.
  4. ^ "Cape Slavery Heritage – Bio". Institute for the Study of Slavery and its Legacy – South Africa. Retrieved 20 July 2010.
  5. ^ a b Dierks, Klaus. "Chapter 3: The History of ǁKhauxaǃnas". ǁKhauxaǃnas. Retrieved 30 September 2010.
  6. ^ Vogt, Andreas (2007). "Die ältesten Kirchen in Namibia (Teil 1)" [The oldest churches in Namibia, part 1]. Afrikanischer Heimatkalender 2007 (in German). Deutsche Evangelisch-Lutherische Kirche in Namibia (DELK).
  7. ^ Dierks, Klaus. "Biographies of Namibian Personalities". Retrieved 24 June 2010.
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