Peak District Reservation Ordinance 1904
Peak District Reservation Ordinance 1904 | |
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Legislative Council of Hong Kong | |
Long title
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Enacted by | Attorney-General |
First reading | 28 March 1904 |
Second reading | 19 April 1904 |
Third reading | 26 April 1904 |
Repealed by | |
Law Revision Ordinance 1930 | |
Status: Repealed |
Peak District Reservation Ordinance 1904 | |||||||||
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Traditional Chinese | 山頂區保留條例 | ||||||||
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The Peak District Reservation Ordinance 1904,
Background
1894 Hong Kong plague
In 1894, the deadly
In the late 1890s, Europeans who resided in the
Segregation by social status
20th century Journalist[15] Trea Wiltshire, in her book "Old Hong Kong", believes the Hill District Reservation Ordinance was a law based on social segregation as its goal. At the time one's social status was measured by the altitude of one's residence.[5] One incidental benefit that came with the law included the reservation of the Peak Tram at certain hours of the day.[5] From 8 to 10 am, the tram service was for top officials, first class passengers only, thus guaranteed good commute time.[5] The front seat of the tram was always reserved for the governor, who further accorded its desirable social status by building a summer retreat, the Mountain Lodge.[5] The Peak at the time was referred to by the British as "Little England".[16] Many of the upper-middle class household members would have a dozen to 20 Chinese servants.[16]
Extent
According to the ordinance, the peak District means "all that area in the Island of Hongkong situated above the 788 feet contour and to the west of a line drawn in a north and south direction through Middle or Cemetery Gap, including the hills known as Mount Cameron, Mount Gough, Mount Kellett and Victoria Peak".[1][17][18]
Similar ordinances
Other historical racially based zoning law in Hong Kong.
- Light and Pass Ordinance, 1888, repealed in 1895
- Peak District (Residence) Ordinance, 1918, repealed in 1946[4][21][22]
- Cheung Chau (Residence) Ordinance, 1919[4][21] repealed in 1946[22]
Other historical zoning laws in Hong Kong.
- European District Reservation Ordinance, 1888 (April 1888)[23][24]
- It applied to parts of the City of Victoria that already had European-style single-family detached houses. The Ordinance was classified as a town planning and rent control law under Governor Des Vœux's administration. It required buildings in certain areas of Hong Kong to comply with the single-family detached home model, rather than the native, extremely crowded, Chinese model that land owners usually offered, which maximised profits. There was no exclusion by race, only by the type of buildings that could be built and a limit on the number of occupants.[21][25]
- It applied to parts of the City of Victoria that already had European-style
Exemption
The ordinance stated that "It shall be lawful for the
See also
- First houses on the Peak
References
- ^ a b "Text of the Peak District Reservation Ordinance, 1904" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 5 November 2021. Retrieved 22 January 2014.
- ^ "Text of the Hill District Reservation Ordinance" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 4 October 2011. Retrieved 6 April 2013.
- ^ a b "Council Sittiing Record of Legislative Council of Hong Kong" (PDF) (Press release). Legislative Council of Hong Kong. 28 March 1904. Archived (PDF) from the original on 6 February 2011. Retrieved 14 August 2008.
- ^ ISBN 9789622095168. Archivedfrom the original on 1 October 2023. Retrieved 21 February 2024.
- ^ a b c d e f g Wiltshire, Trea. [First published 1987] (republished & reduced 2003). Old Hong Kong – Volume Two. Central, Hong Kong: Text Form Asia books Ltd. Page 21. ISBN Volume One 962-7283-60-6. pg 21
- ^ ISBN 0-340-70646-5.
- ^ Legislative Council of Hong Kong (1904), Official Record of Proceedings, 1904.04.19., Legislative Council of Hong Kong, archived from the original on 19 July 2020, retrieved 7 August 2018
- ^ ISBN 962-209-563-1.
- ^ "香港早期醫療". Archived from the original on 2 August 2012. Retrieved 6 April 2013.
- ^ "Hansard for the Legislative Council meeting on 19 April 1904" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 31 October 2019. Retrieved 6 April 2013.
- ^ Early history of medical service in Hong Kong(香港早期醫療服務) Archived 2 August 2012 at archive.today, City University of Hong Kong. Retrieved 8 July 2008
- ^ Pryor, E.G. (1975). "The Great Plague of Hong Kong" (PDF). Journal of the Hong Kong Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society. 1975. Hong Kong: Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Hong Kong Branch (Hong Kong Branch): 65. Archived (PDF) from the original on 12 June 2011. Retrieved 6 April 2013.
- ^ Pryor, E.G. (1975). "The Great Plague of Hong Kong" (PDF). Journal of the Hong Kong Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society. 1975. Hong Kong: Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Hong Kong Branch (Hong Kong Branch): 69. Archived (PDF) from the original on 12 June 2011. Retrieved 6 April 2013.
- ^ "Ordinance No. 25 of 1930" (PDF). Hong Kong Government Gazette: 620. 5 December 1930. Archived from the original on 21 February 2024. Retrieved 21 February 2024.
- ^ https://www.formasiabooks.com/authors/ Archived 4 February 2020 at the Wayback Machine FormAsia authos
- ^ ISBN 0-19-590353-6. pg 46.
- ^ https://webb-site.com/codocs/HillDistrictReservationOrdinance.pdf Archived 10 April 2023 at the Wayback Machine [bare URL PDF]
- ^ https://www.aab.gov.hk/filemanager/aab/en/content_4/20210616_historic_4_new_items.pdf Archived 1 October 2023 at the Wayback Machine [bare URL PDF]
- ISBN 978-0-231-07933-4.
- ISBN 978-0-7007-1298-4.
- ^ ISBN 9780873386777. Archived from the original on 1 October 2023. Retrieved 21 February 2024.)
{{cite book}}
: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link - ^ a b "Minutes of the meeting of the Hong Kong Legislative Council held on 19 July 1946" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 31 October 2019. Retrieved 6 April 2013.
- ^ "Legislative Council Report 27 March 1888" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 31 October 2019. Retrieved 6 April 2013.
- ^ "Town planning practice By Lawrence Wai-Chung Lai, Weicong Li, Ki Fong". Archived from the original on 1 October 2023. Retrieved 21 February 2024.
- ^ "Society By David Faure". Archived from the original on 1 October 2023. Retrieved 21 February 2024.