Peter II of Aragon
Peter II | |
---|---|
King of Aragon Count of Barcelona | |
Reign | 25 April 1196 – 12 September 1213 |
Coronation | 1205 in Rome |
Predecessor | Alfonso II |
Successor | James I |
Born | July 1178 Huesca |
Died | 12 September 1213 Muret | (aged 35)
Burial | priory of San Juan de Sijena |
Spouse |
Marie of Montpellier (m. 1204; died 1213) |
Issue | James I of Aragon |
House | Barcelona |
Father | Alfonso II of Aragon |
Mother | Sancha of Castile |
Peter II the Catholic (
Background
Peter was born in
In the first decade of the thirteenth century Peter commissioned the
Marriage
On 15 June 1204 Peter married (as her third husband)
Warfare
Peter participated in the Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa in 1212 which marked the turning point of Muslim domination in the Iberian peninsula.[9]
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Peter_II_of_Aragon.jpg/220px-Peter_II_of_Aragon.jpg)
The
Peter returned from Las Navas in autumn 1212 to find that
The Battle of Muret began on 12 September 1213.[9] The Aragonese forces were disorganized and disintegrated under the assault of Montfort's squadrons.[9] Peter himself was caught in the thick of fighting, and died as a result of a courageous last stand. He was thrown to the ground and killed.[9] The Aragonese forces broke in panic when their king was slain and Montfort's crusaders won a crushing victory.[9]
The nobility of Toulouse, vassals of the Crown of Aragon, were defeated. The conflict culminated in the Treaty of Meaux-Paris in 1229, in which the integration of the Occitan territory into the French crown was agreed upon.
Upon Peter's death, the kingdom passed to his only son by Marie of Montpellier, the future James the Conqueror.
References
- ^ Alvira Cabrer, Martín (2008). Muret 1213. La batalla decisiva de la cruzada contra los cátaros. Barcelona: Ariel. pp. 128–129.
5th illustration
- ISBN 84-7013-227-X.
- ^ Crown of Aragon, Robyn Slagle, The Spanish Empire: A Historical Encyclopedia, Vol. I, ed. H. Micheal Tarver and Emily Slape, (ABC-CLIO, 2016), 9.
- ISBN 97-8900-412-9252.
- ^ Damian J. Smith, Crusade, Heresy and Inquisition in the Lands of the Crown of Aragon (c. 1167–1276), (Brill, 2010), 31.
- ^ a b c Nique, Christian (2013). "Les deux visages de Marie de Montpellier (1182–1213)" (PDF) (in French). Académie des Sciences et Lettres de Montpellier.
- ISBN 978-0195171310.
- ^ André Germaine (1996) [1884]. Preface, le Liber instrumentorum memorialium (in French). Translated by Rouquette. la Société archéologique de Montpellier.; cited in Nique (2013). "Les deux visages de Marie de Montpellier (1182–1213)" (in French).
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(help) - ^ a b c d e f A Global Chronology of Conflict, Vol. I, ed. Spencer Tucker, (ABC-CLIO, 2010), 269.
- ^ From Louis Blancard, Iconographie des sceaux et bulles, 1860.
- ^ Raymond VI had married Eleanor, sister of Perer II
Sources
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png)
- Sumption, Jonathan. The Albigensian Crusade. 2000.
- (in Spanish) Martín Alvira-Cabrer, 12 de Septiembre de 1213: El Jueves de Muret, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, 2002.
- (in Spanish) Martín Alvira-Cabrer, Muret 1213. La batalla decisiva de la Cruzada contra los Cátaros, Ariel, Barcelona, 2008 and 2013.
- (in Spanish) Martín Alvira-Cabrer, Pedro el Católico, Rey de Aragón y Conde de Barcelona (1196–1213). Documentos, Testimonios y Memoria Histórica, 6 vols., Zaragoza, Institución Fernando el Católico (CSIC), 2010 (on line).
- Nique, Christian (2013), Les deux visages de Marie de Montpellier (1182–1213) (PDF) (in French), Montpellier: Académie des Sciences et Lettres de Montpellier