Pretenders to the throne of Parma

This is a list of

Duchy of Parma, which was ruled by the House of Bourbon-Parma until 1859, when the ducal family escaped after the Italian national insurrection linked to the Second Italian War of Independence

List of pretenders

Name and tenure	Birth	Marriage(s)	Death
Robert I, Duke of Parma 1859–1907	9 July 1848 Louise Marie Thérèse of France	(1) Maria Antonia of Portugal 15 October 1884 12 children	16 November 1907 Viareggio aged 63
Henry of Bourbon-Parma 1907–1939	13 June 1873 Wartegg son of Maria Pia of the Two Sicilies	never married	16 November 1939 Pianore aged 66
Joseph of Bourbon-Parma 1939–1950	30 June 1875 Maria Pia of the Two Sicilies	never married	7 January 1950 Pianore aged 75
Elias of Bourbon-Parma 1950–1959	23 July 1880 Maria Pia of the Two Sicilies	Maria Anna of Austria 25 May 1903 Vienna 8 children	27 June 1959 Friedberg aged 79
Robert (II) Hugo of Bourbon-Parma 1959–1974	7 August 1909 Maria Anna of Austria	never married	25 November 1974 Vienna aged 65
Xavier of Bourbon-Parma 1974–1977	25 May 1889 Maria Antonia of Portugal	Madeleine de Bourbon-Busset 12 November 1927 Lignières 6 children	7 May 1977 Zizers aged 87
Carlos (IV) Hugo of Bourbon-Parma 1977–2010	8 April 1930 Xavier of Bourbon-Parma and Madeleine de Bourbon-Busset	Princess Irene of the Netherlands 29 April 1964 Rome 4 children	18 August 2010 Barcelona aged 80
Carlos (V) of Bourbon-Parma since 2010	27 January 1970 Nijmegen son of Carlos Hugo of Bourbon-Parma and Princess Irene of the Netherlands	Annemarie Gualthérie van Weezel 12 June 2010 Wijk bij Duurstede (civil) 3 children	incumbent