Quinary
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Quinary .
In the quinary place system, five numerals, from
As five is a prime number, only the reciprocals of the powers of five terminate, although its location between two
Today, the main usage of quinary is as a
Each quinary digit can hold (approx. 2.32) bits of information.
Comparison to other radices
× | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 20 |
1 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 20 |
2 | 2 | 4 | 11 | 13 | 20 | 22 | 24 | 31 | 33 | 40 |
3 | 3 | 11 | 14 | 22 | 30 | 33 | 41 | 44 | 102 | 110 |
4 | 4 | 13 | 22 | 31 | 40 | 44 | 103 | 112 | 121 | 130 |
10 | 10 | 20 | 30 | 40 | 100 | 110 | 120 | 130 | 140 | 200 |
11 | 11 | 22 | 33 | 44 | 110 | 121 | 132 | 143 | 204 | 220 |
12 | 12 | 24 | 41 | 103 | 120 | 132 | 144 | 211 | 223 | 240 |
13 | 13 | 31 | 44 | 112 | 130 | 143 | 211 | 224 | 242 | 310 |
14 | 14 | 33 | 102 | 121 | 140 | 204 | 223 | 242 | 311 | 330 |
20 | 20 | 40 | 110 | 130 | 200 | 220 | 240 | 310 | 330 | 400 |
Quinary | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 20 | 21 | 22 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Binary | 0 | 1 | 10 | 11 | 100 | 101 | 110 | 111 | 1000 | 1001 | 1010 | 1011 | 1100 |
Decimal | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 |
Quinary | 23 | 24 | 30 | 31 | 32 | 33 | 34 | 40 | 41 | 42 | 43 | 44 | 100 |
Binary | 1101 | 1110 | 1111 | 10000 | 10001 | 10010 | 10011 | 10100 | 10101 | 10110 | 10111 | 11000 | 11001 |
Decimal | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 |
Decimal (periodic part) | Quinary (periodic part) | Binary (periodic part) |
1/2 = 0.5 | 1/2 = 0.2 | 1/10 = 0.1 |
1/3 = 0.3 | 1/3 = 0.13 | 1/11 = 0.01 |
1/4 = 0.25 | 1/4 = 0.1 | 1/100 = 0.01 |
1/5 = 0.2 | 1/10 = 0.1 | 1/101 = 0.0011 |
1/6 = 0.16 | 1/11 = 0.04 | 1/110 = 0.010 |
1/7 = 0.142857 | 1/12 = 0.032412 | 1/111 = 0.001 |
1/8 = 0.125 | 1/13 = 0.03 | 1/1000 = 0.001 |
1/9 = 0.1 | 1/14 = 0.023421 | 1/1001 = 0.000111 |
1/10 = 0.1 | 1/20 = 0.02 | 1/1010 = 0.00011 |
1/11 = 0.09 | 1/21 = 0.02114 | 1/1011 = 0.0001011101 |
1/12 = 0.083 | 1/22 = 0.02 | 1/1100 = 0.0001 |
1/13 = 0.076923 | 1/23 = 0.0143 | 1/1101 = 0.000100111011 |
1/14 = 0.0714285 | 1/24 = 0.013431 | 1/1110 = 0.0001 |
1/15 = 0.06 | 1/30 = 0.013 | 1/1111 = 0.0001 |
1/16 = 0.0625 | 1/31 = 0.0124 | 1/10000 = 0.0001 |
1/17 = 0.0588235294117647 | 1/32 = 0.0121340243231042 | 1/10001 = 0.00001111 |
1/18 = 0.05 | 1/33 = 0.011433 | 1/10010 = 0.0000111 |
1/19 = 0.052631578947368421 | 1/34 = 0.011242141 | 1/10011 = 0.000011010111100101 |
1/20 = 0.05 | 1/40 = 0.01 | 1/10100 = 0.000011 |
1/21 = 0.047619 | 1/41 = 0.010434 | 1/10101 = 0.000011 |
1/22 = 0.045 | 1/42 = 0.01032 | 1/10110 = 0.00001011101 |
1/23 = 0.0434782608695652173913 | 1/43 = 0.0102041332143424031123 | 1/10111 = 0.00001011001 |
1/24 = 0.0416 | 1/44 = 0.01 | 1/11000 = 0.00001 |
1/25 = 0.04 | 1/100 = 0.01 | 1/11001 = 0.00001010001111010111 |
Usage
Many languages
Number | Base 5 | Numeral |
---|---|---|
1 | 1 | wanggany |
2 | 2 | marrma |
3 | 3 | lurrkun |
4 | 4 | dambumiriw |
5 | 10 | wanggany rulu |
10 | 20 | marrma rulu |
15 | 30 | lurrkun rulu |
20 | 40 | dambumiriw rulu |
25 | 100 | dambumirri rulu |
50 | 200 | marrma dambumirri rulu |
75 | 300 | lurrkun dambumirri rulu |
100 | 400 | dambumiriw dambumirri rulu |
125 | 1000 | dambumirri dambumirri rulu |
625 | 10000 | dambumirri dambumirri dambumirri rulu |
However, Harald Hammarström reports that "one would not usually use exact numbers for counting this high in this language and there is a certain likelihood that the system was extended this high only at the time of elicitation with one single speaker," pointing to the Biwat language as a similar case (previously attested as 5-20, but with one speaker recorded as making an innovation to turn it 5-25).[5]
Biquinary
A
are written as I, V, X, and L respectively. Seven is VII, and seventy is LXX. The full list of symbols is:Roman | I | V | X | L | C | D | M |
Decimal | 1 | 5 | 10 | 50 | 100 | 500 | 1000 |
Note that these are not positional number systems. In theory, a number such as 73 could be written as IIIXXL (without ambiguity) and as LXXIII. To extend Roman numerals to beyond thousands, a vinculum (horizontal overline) was added, multiplying the letter value by a thousand, e.g. overlined M̅ was one million. There is also no sign for zero. But with the introduction of inversions like IV and IX, it was necessary to keep the order from most to least significant.
Many versions of the
Bi-quinary coded decimal is a variant of biquinary that was used on a number of early computers including Colossus and the IBM 650 to represent decimal numbers.
Quadquinary
A vigesimal system with four and five as a sub-bases is found in Nahuatl.[citation needed][dubious ]
Calculators and programming languages
Few
Python's int()
function supports conversion of numeral systems from any base to decimal. Thus, the quinary number 101 is evaluated using int('101',5)
as the decimal numeral 26.[9]
See also
- Pentadic numerals – Runic notation for presenting numbers
- Bi-quinary coded decimal
References
- ^ "quinary". Lexico UK English Dictionary. Oxford University Press.[dead link]
- ^ a b "SHARP" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2017-07-12. Retrieved 2017-06-05.
- ^ a b "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2016-02-22. Retrieved 2017-06-05.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) - ^ a b "SHARP" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2017-07-12. Retrieved 2017-06-05.
- ^ ISBN 9783110220933. Retrieved May 14, 2023.
- ^ a b Harris, John W. (December 1982). "Facts and fallacies of Aboriginal number system" (PDF). www1.aiatsis.gov.au. Work Papers of SIL-AAB. pp. 153–181. Archived from the original (PDF) on August 31, 2007. Retrieved May 14, 2023.
- ^ Dawson, James (1981). Australian aborigines : the languages and customs of several tribes of aborigines in the western district of Victoria, Australia. University of Michigan. Canberra City, ACT, Australia : Australian Institute of Aboriginal Studies; Atlantic Highlands, NJ : Humanities Press [distributor]. Retrieved May 14, 2023.
- ISBN 0-292-75531-7.[dead link]
- ^ Kay, Naftuli (2012-01-19). "Convert base-2 binary number string to int". Stack Overflow. Archived from the original on 24 November 2017. Retrieved 5 May 2018.
External links
- Quinary Base Conversion, includes fractional part, from Math Is Fun
- Media related to Quinary numeral system at Wikimedia Commons
- Quinary-pentavigesimal and decimal calculator, uses D'ni numerals from the Mystfranchise, integers only, fan-made.