Ralph Austen

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Ralph Austen (c. 1612–1676) was an English writer on

husbandry, who urged the use of concise, plain language. He also worked to popularize cider
as a beverage.

Life

Austen was a native of

Parliamentary visitation of Oxford University, and subsequently registrary in his own right.[1] He also ran a successful nursery business, selling grafts and seedlings.[2]

One of the

Shotover Forest.[4] He worked to spread cider, then known only in the West Country, exchanging apple-tree grafts with John Beale.[5]

According to Anthony Wood, Austen died at home in the parish of St Peter-le-Bailey, Oxford, and was buried in its church, in the aisle adjoining the south side of the chancel, on 26 October 1676. He had been a gardener and planting trees for half a century.[1]

Works

Song of Solomon, and so to the Church.[6] At the same time, it shows gardening tools and a planting plan.[7]

In 1653 Austen published A Treatise on Fruit-trees, showing the manner of grafting, setting, pruning, and ordering of them in all respects, and along with it a long pamphlet on the Spiritual Use of an Orchard.

Fall of Man, with the metaphor of wild grafts being returned to the stocks of the Garden.[10]

A second edition of the Treatise with additions and improvements, appeared in 1657. Its dedication was to Robert Boyle, where the first edition was dedicated to Hartlib; and in it Austen argued for husbandry books that were concise and in plain language, a point taken up by John Worlidge.[11] He also argued that fruit trees were books in which the attributes of God could be read.[12] Wood stated that sales were hindered by the association of gardening with a purely theological treatise, but there were further editions in 1662 and 1667. The Spiritual Use of an Orchard was reprinted separately in 1847.[1]

In 1658 Austen published Observations on some parts of

Sir Francis Bacon's Naturall History as it concerns Fruit-trees, Fruits, and Flowers. Possibly through some misreading of the title-page, this work has been attributed by some to a Francis Austen, and there is apparently no foundation for the statement that it was published originally in 1631 and again in 1657. According to Wood, Austen was the author of A Dialogue or Familiar Discourse and Conference between the Husbandman and Fruiterer in his Nurseries, Orchards, and Gardens, published in 1676 and 1679, and containing much of the substance of his earlier treatise.[1]

References

  1. ^ a b c d e Stephen, Leslie, ed. (1885). "Austen, Ralph" . Dictionary of National Biography. Vol. 2. London: Smith, Elder & Co.
  2. ISBN 978-0-8126-9507-6
    .
  3. ISBN 978-0-19-929104-5
    .
  4. ISBN 978-0-521-36882-7
    .
  5. ^ James Turner, "Ralph Austen, an Oxford Horticulturist of the Seventeenth Century", Garden History, Vol. 6, No. 2 (Summer, 1978), pp. 39–45, at p. 42. The Garden History Society. Stable URL: https://www.jstor.org/stable/1586699
  6. ^ James Turner, Ralph Austen, an Oxford Horticulturist of the Seventeenth Century, Garden History Vol. 6, No. 2 (Summer, 1978), pp. 39-45, at p. 43. Published by: The Garden History Society. Stable URL: https://www.jstor.org/stable/1586699
  7. ISBN 978-0-8028-3634-2
    .
  8. ISBN 978-0-521-25775-6
    .
  9. Museum of the History of Science site: Retrieved 25 September 2011.
  10. ISBN 978-0-8135-5608-6
    .
  11. ISBN 978-0-8014-4143-1
    .
  12. ISBN 978-0-521-09084-1
    .
Attribution

 This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Stephen, Leslie, ed. (1885). "Austen, Ralph". Dictionary of National Biography. Vol. 2. London: Smith, Elder & Co.

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