Ralph Montagu, 1st Duke of Montagu

His Grace Ralph Montagu
Duke of Montagu
Reign	1705–1709
Successor	John Montagu, 2nd Duke of Montagu
Born	24 December 1638
Died	9 March 1709
Noble family	Montagu
Spouse(s)	Elizabeth Wriothesley Elizabeth Monck, Duchess of Albemarle
Issue	John Montagu, 2nd Duke of Montagu Anne Montagu
Father	Edward Montagu, 2nd Baron Montagu of Boughton
Mother	Anne Winwood

Ralph Montagu, 1st Duke of Montagu (24 December 1638 – 9 March 1709) was an English courtier, diplomat, politician and peer.^[1]

Background

Ralph Montagu was the second son of Edward Montagu, 2nd Baron Montagu of Boughton (1616–1684), and Anne Winwood, daughter of the Secretary of State Ralph Winwood.^[1] The peerage of his father was one of several granted in the seventeenth century to different members of the Montagu family.

Sir

in January 1647, after he was handed over by the Scots, to whom he had initially surrendered, to the custody of Parliament. Sir Edward had two sons, Edward and Ralph.

Career

The elder son, Edward, was

purchased the from 1671 to 1678 and from 1689 to his death.

Having quarrelled with Danby and the Duchess of Cleveland, who denounced him to the king, Montagu was elected member of Parliament for Northampton in 1678, with the intention of bringing about the fall of Danby; but, having produced letters seriously compromising the minister, the dissolution of Parliament placed him in such danger of arrest that he attempted to fly to France. Foiled in this design, he continued to intrigue against the government, supporting the movement for excluding the Duke of York from the succession and for recognizing the Duke of Monmouth as heir to the crown. After securing re-election to Parliament for Huntingdonshire in 1679 and again for Northampton in 1679 and 1681 his safety was then ensured by Parliamentary immunity. His elder brother having predeceased his father, Ralph became Baron Montagu of Boughton on the death of the latter in 1684.

Notwithstanding his former intrigues, Montagu gained the favour of King

.

Ralph Montagu's position was further strengthened in 1705 by the marriage of his son and heir to Mary, daughter of John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough and Sarah Churchill, Duchess of Marlborough. In the same year he was created Duke of Montagu and Marquess of Monthermer. His London residence, Montagu House, Bloomsbury, was bought by the government in 1753 to hold the national collection of antiquities, and on its site was built the British Museum.

Children

Montagu and his first wife Elizabeth Wriothesley were parents to two children:

• John Montagu, 2nd Duke of Montagu (c. 1690 – 5 July 1749).
• Anne Montagu, married Alexander Popham (grandson of Alexander Popham), and had a daughter, Elizabeth, (d. 20 March 1761), who married firstly Edward Montagu, Viscount Hinchingbrooke, and secondly Francis Seymour, of Sherborne, Dorset.

Montagu and his second wife Elizabeth Monck had no known children. However, through this marriage the 1st Duke of Montagu acquired the Lordship of Bowland, one of northern England's most powerful feudal lordships which on his death passed to John, the son of his first marriage.

Royal Navy

The pre-dreadnought battleship HMS Montagu was named after him.

References

Further reading

• Boyer, Abel, History of the Reign of Queen Anne, vol. viii. (11 vols., London, 1703–1713).
• Burke, John Bernard
  , Genealogical History of Dormant (etc.) Peerages (London, 1883).
• Murdoch, Tessa (ed.),
  OCLC 78044620. For inventories of the duke's goods and chattels on his death in 1709, see pp. 14–26 (at Montagu House, Bloomsbury), pp. 51–61 (at Boughton House) and pp. 80–4 (at Ditton House
  ).

Attribution

 This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Montagu, Ralph". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 18 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 747–748.

Court offices
Preceded by The Earl of Sandwich	Master of the Great Wardrobe 1671–1678	Succeeded by The Viscount Preston
Preceded by The Viscount Preston	Master of the Great Wardrobe 1689–1709	Succeeded by The Duke of Montagu
Parliament of England
Preceded by Sir William Fermor Lord Ibrackan	Member of Parliament for Northampton 1678–1679 With: Sir William Fermor	Succeeded by Sir William Fermor Sir Hugh Cholmeley
Preceded by Sir Nicholas Pedley Robert Apreece	Member of Parliament for Huntingdonshire 1679 With: Robert Apreece	Succeeded by Sir Thomas Proby, Bt Silius Titus
Preceded by Sir William Fermor Sir Hugh Cholmeley	Member of Parliament for Northampton 1679–1683 With: Sir William Langham, Bt	Succeeded by Richard Rainsford Sir Justinian Isham, Bt
Peerage of England
New creation	Duke of Montagu 1705–1709	Succeeded by John Montagu
	Earl of Montagu 1689–1709
Preceded by Edward Montagu	Baron Montagu of Boughton 1683–1709