Rawley Silver
Rawley Silver is an American
Life and work
Silver graduated from
During this time, Silver began working with individuals with
Silver Drawing Assessments
During her work in the field, Silver created two
The Silver Drawing Test and Draw a Story assessments provide quantitative findings of reliability, validity, normative data and outcome studies that assess changes in cognitive skills or emotional states following remedial programs. In addition, they provide case studies and drawing responses by children, adolescents and adults in clinical and non-clinical populations. The assessments use stimulus drawings to elicit responses. Responses are scored on 5-point rating scales that range from low to high levels of Ability to Select, Combine, and Represent, and from strongly negative to strongly positive Emotional Content, Self-Image, and when appropriate, Use of Humor. The findings, by mental health professionals and educators not only in the USA but also in Europe, Asia and South America, include age, gender and cultural difference and similarities. The three subtests of the Silver Drawing Test assess the three concepts said to be fundamental in reading and mathematics: Drawing from Imagination assesses concepts of class inclusion; Predictive Drawing, concepts of sequential order; and Drawing from Observation, concepts of space. The Draw A Story assessment is used to screen for masked depression that may lead to suicide, and reactive or predatory aggression that may lead to violence in schools.
Predictive Drawing assesses clients' grasp of the concepts of sequential order, horizontality and verticality. In this test, there are three separate tests. One, which measures sequential order, shows an ice cream float in a clear glass and six empty glasses. The client is directed to draw lines in the empty glasses to show how the glasses would appear if the float were drunk with a straw. The next one, which measures horizontality, shows two empty bottles. One is upright, and the other tilted to the side. The client draws lines in the bottles to show where water would be with the bottles filled up halfway. The last test, which measures verticality, presents the clients with a drawing of a house sitting on top of a mountain. Clients draw the way the house would look if it moved to the spot marked with an “X” on the slope. Once these are finished, the assessment is complete.
The Draw a Story test, used most often on children and adolescents, is used to screen for depression by looking at negative and positive themes to responses. The client chooses two pictures from two forms that contain stimulus drawings, and imagine a story between them. They are then directed to draw a story between them.
Books by Rawley Silver
- The Silver Drawing Test and Draw A Story: Assessing Depression, Aggression, and Cognitive Skills
- Aggression and Depression Assessed Through Art
- Art as Language, Access to Thoughts and Feelings Through Stimulus Drawings
- Three Art Assessments
- Developing Cognitive and Creative Skills Through Art
References
- ^ Silver, R. (2001). Art as language: Access to thoughts and feelings through stimulus drawings. Philadelphia: Psychology Press.
- ^ "SIA Acc. 11-077, Silver, Rawley A, Rawley A. Silver Papers, 1966-1987, 2011". Smithsonian Institution.
- ISBN 978-0415955348.
- ^ "American art therapy association awards & grants. (2011)".
- ^ Silver, R. (2002). Three Art Assessments. New York: Brunner-Routledge.
- ^ a b Silver, R. (1998). Retrieved October 5, 2010, from Rawley Silver, ed.d., art-bc: www.rawleysilver.com
- ^ Silver, R. (1978). Developing cognitive and creative skills through art. Baltimore: University Park Press.
- ^ Silver, R. (2002). Three Art Assessments. New York: Brunner-Routledge.
External links
- Official website
- Rawley A. Silver Papers at the Smithsonian Institution Archives