Rear-inflow jet

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Conceptual airflow in a squall line with the Rear-inflow jet shown

The rear-inflow jet is a component of

high pressure at the surface. In response to the surface high and warmer temperatures aloft due to convection
, a mid-level mesolow forms behind the leading edge of the storm.

With a mid-level area of

straight-line winds.[1]

Any mature mesoscale convective system is capable of developing its own rear-inflow jet, but questions remain as to what influences the strength of the jet. While the diabatic effects of sublimation, melting and evaporation play a role in influencing jet strength, these effects do not account for cases with strong rear-inflow jets. However, the diabatic effects are responsible for the jet subsiding behind the leading edge of the MCS.[2][3] The sinking of the jet first starts when the mid level inflow goes under the trailing stratiform cloud before descending to the melting layer.[4]

There are other factors that contribute to the strength of any rear inflow jet. The strength of a rear inflow jet can be greatly increased with induced vortices at the end of the line, called "line-end vortices" or "book-end vortices." These vortices at either end of the line will help reinforce the rear inflow towards the center of the line. The other factor that can help strengthen the jet is an environment in which the large scale flow is feeding/forcing mid-level air into the rear end of the storm.[5]

See also

Rear-inflow notch caused by the sinking of the jet behind a bow echo line

References

  1. S2CID 53409251. Retrieved 10 July 2012.[permanent dead link
    ]
  2. doi:10.1175/1520-0493(1987)115<0670:ATSLOD>2.0.CO;2
    .
  3. doi:10.1175/1520-0493(1994)122<0765:IADORI>2.0.CO;2
    .
  4. doi:10.1175/1520-0493(1997)125<0478:TEOTJP>2.0.CO;2
    .
  5. doi:10.1175/1520-0469(1994)051<2563:TDEOSL>2.0.CO;2
    .

Further reading

  • Jorgensen, Murphy and Wakimoto. "Rear Inflow Evolution in a Non-Severe Bow Echo Observed by Airborne Doppler Radar During Bamex."
  • Houze and Smull. "Rear Inflow in Squall Lines with Trailing Stratiform Precipitation" American Meteorological Society, 1987.
  • Harder, Jason. "Enhancement of the Downdraft" University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1998.
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