Ringer's solution

Ringer's solution is a solution of several salts dissolved in water for the purpose of creating an

Composition

Ringer's solution typically contains

Ringer's solution is frequently administered to human and veterinary patients for intravenous or subcutaneous hydration and to expand the vascular compartment in hypovolemia. It is also use in in vitro experiments on organs or tissues, such as in vitro muscle testing.^[3][4][5][6] The precise mix of ions can vary depending upon the taxon, with different recipes for birds, mammals, freshwater fish, marine fish, etc.

Ringers solution may also be used for therapeutic purposes, such as

Ringer's solution is named after Sydney Ringer, who in 1882–1885 determined that a solution perfusing a frog's heart must contain sodium, potassium and calcium salts in a definite proportion if the heart is to be kept beating for long.^[10][11] This solution was adjusted further in the 1930s by Alexis Hartmann, who added sodium lactate to form Ringer's lactate solution.^[12]

References