Deruvian

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Saint Deruvian
Pre-Congregation
FeastUsually unobserved
Patronage
ControversyHistoricity; confusion with St Dyfan

Deruvian (

chieftain
, possibly by Roman emissaries by these names.

Probably mistakenly, Deruvian's story has been given to the obscure

Orthodox
churches in Wales.

Name

Deruvian's name is also cited as "Duvian" (Duvianus)

St Dyfan, the presumed namesake of Merthyr Dyfan in Wales, seems to have been introduced by the widely discredited antiquarian Iolo Morganwg and is generally disregarded.[3]

Sources

The

Roman emperors and pope Evaristus".[9][10] The 'third edition' of The Deeds of the Kings of the English composed by William of Malmesbury around 1140 baldly states that "the rust of antiquity may have obliterated their names".[11][12]

The monks' names seem to have first appeared in William's own chronicle of

St David's.[16][17] The letter seems to date from the 1120s.[21]

The story was subsequently repeated and embellished elsewhere. These accounts generally provided no earlier authorities for their claims, however, prior to the collection of the

Robinson to believe that the missionaries' appearance in the Glastonbury chronicles were not part of the original work; instead, they account it a pious fraud perpetuated as part of Glastonbury's medieval feud with Westminster over the order of their foundation.[14]

Legend

Main articles:
Saint Fagan

According to the 12th-century historian,

Fagan", providing many additional but suspect details.[1][2]

Life

Mullins are widely dismissive of the legends surrounding Lucius but offer that Deruvian and his companion may have been genuine local saints whose names were preserved in the area around Llandaff and then—as else nothing remained known of them—were mixed up with the separate stories surrounding Lucius[22][24][23] Bartrum, however, notes the lack of earlier sources and posits that one must suppose such dedications followed the popularization of Geoffrey's story.[25]

Legacy

Following the

St Dyfan presumably martyred at Merthyr Dyfan, although Baring-Gould notes that his name in the earliest known sources could never have been understood or developed as Dyfan at any time.[26] The church at Merthyr Dyfan seems to have been dedicated to St Teilo since its foundation, but is now dedicated jointly to SS Dyfan and Teilo.[27] As late as 2010, the local parish continued to claim to be the oldest Christian settlement in Wales on the basis of the legends about King Lucius.[28]

There is a church at

Brychan of Brycheiniog, and finds it unlikely to have been associated with a Dyfan, "because the place was always called Llandyfân with the accent on the last syllable", appearing in earlier records as Llanduvaen.[31] There was a holy well nearby esteemed for treatment of paralysis and related illnesses, known as Ffynnon Gwyddfaen or Gwyddfân.[33] The church may have been a late erection by its owners, "the Dynevor family", as a chapel of ease for the pilgrims there.[31]

Somersetshire.[34]

Prior to the

Dissolution of the Monasteries, his relics were claimed by Glastonbury Abbey
.

The

denominations of Wales.[40][41][42]

References

  1. ^ a b c d Galfredus Monemutensis [Geoffrey of Monmouth]. Historia Regnum Britanniae [History of the Kings of Britain], Vol. IV, Ch. xix. c. 1136. (in Latin)
  2. ^ a b c d Geoffrey of Monmouth. Translated by J.A. Giles & al. as Geoffrey of Monmouth's British History, Vol. IV, Ch. XIX, in Six Old English Chronicles of Which Two Are Now First Translated from the Monkish Latin Originals: Ethelwerd's Chronicle, Asser's Life of Alfred, Geoffrey of Monmouth's British History, Gildas, Nennius, and Richard of Cirencester. Henry G. Bohn (London), 1848. Hosted at Wikisource.
  3. ^ a b Bartrum, Peter C. "Duvianus (1)", in A Welsh Classical Dictionary: People in History and Legend up to about A. D. 1000, p. 236. National Library of Wales, 1993. Emended 2009.
  4. ^ Giraldus Cambrensis [Gerald of Wales]. Descriptio Cambriae [Description of Wales], Vol. I, Ch. xviii. 1194. (in Latin)
  5. ^ Gerald of Wales. Translated by W. Llewelyn Williams as The Itinerary through Wales and the Description of Wales by Geraldus Cambrensis, Vol. I, Ch. XVIII, p. 185. J.M. Dent & Co. (London), 1908.
  6. ^ Jacobus Usserius [James Ussher]. Britannicarum Ecclesiarum Antiquitates, Quibus Inserta Est Pestiferæ Adversus Dei Gratiam a Pelagio Britanno in Ecclesiam Inductæ Hæreseos Historia [Antiquities of the Britannic Churches, into Which Is Inserted a History of the Pestilent Heretics Introduced against the Grace of God by Pelagius the Briton into the Church], Ch. IV. (Dublin), 1639. Reprinted in The Whole Works of the Most Rev. James Ussher, D. D. Lord Archbishop of Armagh and Primate of All Ireland, Vol. V, pp. 74 f. Hodges, Smith, & Co. (Dublin), 1864. (in Latin)
  7. Beda Venerabilis [The Venerable Bede]. Historia Ecclesiastica Gentis Anglorum [The Ecclesiastical History of the English People], Vol. I, Ch. IV, & Vol. V, Ch. XXIIII. 731. Hosted at Latin Wikisource
    . (in Latin)
  8. ^ Bede. Translated by Lionel Cecil Jane as The Ecclesiastical History of the English Nation, Vol. 1, Ch. 4, & Vol. 5, Ch. 24. J.M. Dent & Co. (London), 1903. Hosted at Wikisource.
  9. ^ "Nennius". Edited by Theodor Mommsen. Historia Brittonum, Vol. II, Ch. xxii. c. 830. Hosted at Latin Wikisource. (in Latin)
  10. J.A. Giles & al. as Nennius's History of the Britons, §22, from Six Old English Chronicles of Which Two Are Now First Translated from the Monkish Latin Originals: Ethelwerd's Chronicle, Asser's Life of Alfred, Geoffrey of Monmouth's British History, Gildas, Nennius, and Richard of Cirencester. Henry G. Bohn (London), 1848. Hosted at Wikisource
    .
  11. ^ Gulielmus Malmesburiensis [William of Malmesbury]. Gesta Regum Anglorum. c. 1140. (in Latin)
  12. J.A. Giles as William of Malmesbury's Chronicle of the Kings of England from the Earliest Period to the Reign of King Stephen, p. 21.
    Henry G. Bohn (London), 1847.
  13. ^ Gulielmus Malmesburiensis [William of Malmesbury]. De Antiquitate Glastoniensis Ecclesiæ. 1129–1139. Hosted at the University of Zurich's Corpus Corporum. (in Latin)
  14. ^ a b Robinson, Joseph Armitage. "William of Malmesbury 'On the Antiquity of Glastonbury'" in Somerset Historical Essays. Oxford University Press (London), 1921. Hosted at Wikisource.
  15. ^ Newell, William Wells. "William of Malmesbury on the Antiquity of Glastonbury, with Especial Reference to the Equation of Glastonbury and Avalon" in Publications of the Modern Language Association of America, Vol. XVIII, No. 4. 1903.
  16. ^ Giraldus Cambriensis [Gerald of Wales]. De Inuectionibus [On Invectives], Vol. II, Ch. X, in Y Cymmrodor: The Magazine of the Honourable Society of Cymmrodorion, Vol. XXX, pp. 143–6. George Simpson & Co. (Devizes), 1920. (in Latin)
  17. ^ Gerald of Wales. Translated by W.S. Davies as The Book of Invectives of Giraldus Cambrensis in Y Cymmrodor: The Magazine of the Honourable Society of Cymmrodorion, Vol. XXX, pp. 17–8. George Simpson & Co. (Devizes), 1920.
  18. ^ Davies (1920), pp. 19–38.
  19. ^
    ISBN 9781843833222
    .
  20. ISBN 9781843833222
    .
  21. Bishop Bernard,[18][19] including the local clerics' identification with the Normans[19] and description of themselves as a convent instead of a chapter.[20]
  22. ^ a b c d Baring-Gould, Sabine & al. The Lives of the British Saints: The Saints of Wales and Cornwall and Such Irish Saints as Have Dedications in Britain, Vol. III, pp. 9–10. Honourable Society of Cymmrodorion (London), 1911.
  23. ^ a b Mullins, Daniel J.. Early Welsh Saints. Carreg-Gwalch Press, 2003, p. 30.
  24. Rees, Rice. An Essay on the Welsh Saints or the Primitive Christians Usually Considered to Have Been the Founders of Churches in Wales, pp. 82 ff.
    Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, Green, & Longman (London), 1836.
  25. ^ Bartrum (2009), "Ffagan", p. 298.
  26. ^ a b c d e Baring-Gould, Sabine & al. The Lives of the British Saints: The Saints of Wales and Cornwall and Such Irish Saints as Have Dedications in Britain, Vol. II, pp. 394–395. Honourable Society of Cymmrodorion (London), 1911.
  27. ^ The Church in Wales. "St Dyfan and Teilo Archived 29 March 2016 at the Wayback Machine". Representative Body of the Church in Wales, 2014. Accessed 3 February 2015.
  28. ^ The Church in Wales. "The Parish of Merthyr Dyfan: Barry, South Wales". Parish of Merthyr Dyfan (Merthyr Dyfan), 2010. Hosted at the Internet Archive. Accessed 3 February 2015.
  29. ^ a b c Norman, Terry. "Llandyfan Church". Accessed 3 February 2015.
  30. ^ Roberts, Gomer, Hanes Plwyf Llandybie [History of the Parish of Llandybie]. 1939.
  31. ^ a b History of the Parish of Llandybie,[30] cited and translated by Norman.[29]
  32. ^ Randall, Alan. Catholic Llandeilo: A History of St David's Parish. 1987.
  33. ^ Catholic Llandeilo,[32] cited by Norman.[29]
  34. Stow, John. The Annales of England, "The race of the Kings of Brytaine after the received opinion since Brute, &c", p. 36.
    G. Bishop and T. Adams (London), 1605.
  35. ^ Willis, Browne. Parochiale Anglicanum (1733), p. 199.
  36. St Doewan.[26]
  37. ^ Gillibrand, Christopher (16 July 2014). "+ Blessed john sugar, Priest, 1604". The Site of the Tyburn Tree. Retrieved 6 February 2015.
  38. ^ Challoner, Richard. A Memorial of Ancient British Piety: or, a British Martyrology. W. Needham, 1761. Accessed 14 Mar 2013.
  39. ^ Latin Saints of the Orthodox Patriarchate of Rome, "May". Accessed 17 October 2012.
  40. ^ The Church in Wales. "The Book of Common Prayer for Use in the Church in Wales: The New Calendar and the Collects Archived 15 December 2014 at the Wayback Machine". 2003. Accessed 18 Nov 2014.
  41. ^ The Catholic Church in England and Wales. "Liturgy Office: Liturgical Calendar". Catholic Bishops' Conference of England and Wales, 2014. Accessed 1 February 2015.
  42. ^ "Saints of the British Isles". Archdiocese of Thyateira and Great Britain (London), 2015. Accessed 1 February 2015.
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