Santa Cruz massacre (El Salvador)

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Coordinates: 13°57′N 88°38′W / 13.950°N 88.633°W / 13.950; -88.633
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For the 1991 event in East Timor, see Santa Cruz massacre.
Santa Cruz massacre
Part of
Victoria, in the Cabañas department of El Salvador. It took place during the Salvadoran Civil War
.

During the massacre, the armed forced of El Salvador killed civilians as they deployed scorched earth tactics during an anti-guerilla military action.

Background

Central Victoria in 2010

People living in the

Fuerzas Populares de Liberación guerrilla groups.[1]

March 1981

To combat the guerrilla movements, the government armed forces deployed scorched earth tactics, starting on March 15, 1981, allegedly killing civilians, destruction of housing, animals and crops. To escape the violence, communities hid in the forest or in caves, and some attempted to flee to Honduras by crossing the Lempa River. Many were shot by both Salvadoran and Honduran forces from aircraft as the swam across the river.[1] The United Nations Truth Commission for El Salvador attributed between 20 and 30 deaths to the river crossing, attributing some deaths to gunfire and some to drowning. A further 189 people disappeared.[2]

Massacre

On October 15, 1981 the Puente de Oro bridge over the Lempa River was destroyed with explosives by guerrillas and the military received intelligence that they planned to destroy a dam on the river.

Victoria municipality: San Jerónimo, San Felipe, La Pinte, Peña Blanca, Santa Marta, Celaque y Jocotillo. 1,200 soldiers, led by Sigifredo Ochoa Pérez (1943–2023),[4] according to witness Philippe Bourgois.[5] The attacks began on November 11 and included gun and mortar fire combined with bombings, killing an unknown number of civilians,[1][6] at least dozens,[4] possibly one hundred.[7]

Aftermath

In March 2015, online magazine

Joel Simon Executive Director of the Columbia Journalism Review "did not substantively challenge the facts".[8]

On October 2, 2015, the University of Washington's Center for Human Rights launched litigation against the Central Intelligence Agency, accusing the agency of withholding information about the massacre. The centre had previously submitted a request for information, citing the United States Freedom of Information Act.[6] A few days after the litigation filing, the offices of the centre were robbed and hard drives containing testimonies about the massacre were stolen.[9]

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c "God Alone was with Us: The Santa Cruz Massacre". Unfinished Sentences. Center for Human Rights & Humanitarian Law. 23 February 2015. Archived from the original on 2023-05-16. Retrieved 2023-07-02.
  2. ^ Truth Commission for El Salvador, From Madness to Hope Archived 2013-02-01 at the Wayback Machine, 1993, p. 23
  3. ^ "EL OPERATIVO DE "LIMPIEZA TOTAL" DE NOVIEMBRE DE 1981" (PDF). Abreindo Brecha. June 2015. p. 5. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2020-10-27. Retrieved 2023-07-02.
  4. ^ a b "The CIA is still refusing to release its files on this alleged war criminal". Mother Jones. Archived from the original on 2023-06-17. Retrieved 2023-07-02.
  5. ^ Presidential certification on El Salvador: hearings before the Subcommittee on Inter-American Affairs of the Committee on Foreign Affairs, House of Representatives, Ninety-seventh Congress, second session. Washington: United States Government Publishing Office. 1982. Archived from the original on 2023-07-02. Retrieved 2023-07-02.
  6. ^ a b Lewis, Renee (8 October 2015). "US university sues CIA for information on El Salvador massacre". Al Jazeera. Archived from the original on 2023-05-09. Retrieved 2023-07-02.
  7. ^ Schalk, Owen (2 May 2023). "El Salvador's Historic Metal Mining Ban Is in Danger". Jacobin. Archived from the original on 2023-03-31. Retrieved 2023-07-02.
  8. ^ Simon, Joel. "Rethinking the right to reply". Columbia Journalism Review. Archived from the original on 2023-01-09. Retrieved 2023-07-02.
  9. ISSN 0261-3077. Archived
    from the original on 2017-02-28. Retrieved 2023-07-02.
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