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{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2015}}
{{Use British English|date=September 2015}}
{{Infobox person
{{Infobox person
| honorific_prefix =
| name = Raphael Salaman
| image =
| name = Raphael Salaman
| honorific_suffix = [[Society of Antiquaries of London|FSA]]
⚫
| caption =
| image =
⚫
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1906|4|24|df=yes}}
| image_size = 220px
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| birth_place = [[Barley]], [[Hertfordshire]]
| alt =
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| death_date = {{Death date and age|1993|12|31|1906|4|24|df=yes}}
⚫
| caption =
⚫
| death_place = [[Harpenden]], [[Hertfordshire]], England
| native_name =
⚫
| occupation = tool collector and writer
| native_name_lang =
| networth =
| spouse = Miriam Polianowsky
| birth_name = Raphael Arthur Salaman
⚫
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1906|4|24|df=y}}
| children =
⚫
| birth_place = [[Barley]], [[Hertfordshire]], [[England]]
⚫
| residence =
⚫
| death_date = {{Death date and age|1993|12|31|1906|4|24|df=y}}
| alma_mater = [[Bedales School]]<br>[[Cambridge University]]
⚫
| death_place = [[Harpenden]], [[Hertfordshire]], [[England]]
⚫
| website =
| signature =
| death_cause =
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⚫
| residence =
| nationality = [[United Kingdom|British]]
| other_names =
| citizenship =
| education = [[Bedales School]]
| alma_mater = [[University of Cambridge]]
⚫
| occupation = Tool collector, [[writer]]
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| spouse = {{marriage|Miriam Polianowsky|1933}}
| partner =
| children = 3; including [[Jenny Manson]] (daughter)
| parents = [[Redcliffe N. Salaman]] (father)<br/>[[Nina Ruth Davis Salaman|Nina Ruth Davis]] (mother)
| relatives = [[Esther Salaman (writer)|Esther Polianowsky]] (sister-in-law)
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'''Raphael Arthur Salaman''', [[Society of Antiquaries of London|FSA]] (24 April 1906 – 31 December 1993), was a British engineer, collector of hand tools and writer. His work recorded the tools used during the 18th, 19th and early 20th centuries in Britain.
'''Raphael Arthur Salaman''', [[Society of Antiquaries of London|FSA]] (24 April 1906 – 31 December 1993), was a British engineer, collector of hand tools and writer. His work recorded the tools used during the 18th, 19th and early 20th centuries in Britain.


== Family life ==
==Family and education==
R. A. Salaman, also known as Raph, was born in [[Barley, Hertfordshire]] into a well-established Anglo-Jewish family. His father was Dr [[Redcliffe N. Salaman]] FRS, the botanist who wrote ''The History and Social Influence of the Potato.<ref>Salaman, Redcliffe N. (1949; 2nd edition with new introduction and emendations by J. G. Hawkes 1985) ''The History and Social Influence of the Potato'' Cambridge: Cambridge University Press {{ISBN|978-0-521-31623-1}}.</ref> ''His mother Nina (''née'' Davis) was a writer and poet. The family moved to rural Hertfordshire in order to treat Redcliffe Salaman's tuberculosis. Raphael's interest in tools developed from watching craftsmen in the area.
R. A. Salaman, also known as Raph, was born in [[Barley, Hertfordshire]] into a well-established Anglo-Jewish family. His father was Dr [[Redcliffe N. Salaman]] FRS, the botanist who wrote ''The History and Social Influence of the Potato.<ref>Salaman, Redcliffe N. (1949; 2nd edition with new introduction and emendations by J. G. Hawkes 1985) ''The History and Social Influence of the Potato'' Cambridge: Cambridge University Press {{ISBN|978-0-521-31623-1}}.</ref> ''His mother Nina (''née'' Davis) was a writer, poet and [[Hebrew language|Hebrew]] scholar.<ref name="Karl Popper and the Two New Secrets of Life1">{{cite book |last=Niemann|first=Hans-Joachim|title=Karl Popper and the Two New Secrets of Life|url=https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=RTPpiAMuZRcC&pg=PA39|year=2014|publisher=[[Mohr Siebeck]]|page=39|isbn=978-3161532078}}</ref>


The Salaman family are [[Ashkenazi Jews]],<ref name="theguardian2">{{cite news |last=Morrison|first=Blake|url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2003/oct/11/featuresreviews.guardianreview2|title=Generation gap|work= |location= |publisher=''[[The Guardian]]''|date=11 October 2013|accessdate=1 July 2018}}</ref> according his father, the Salaman family migrated to Britain from either [[Holland]] or the [[Rhineland]] in the early 18th century.<ref name="Plumes">{{cite book |last=Stein|first=Sarah Abrevaya|title=Plumes: Ostrich Feathers, Jews, and a Lost World of Global Commerce|url=https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=ikHj7Xc9lJUC&pg=PA180&lpg=PA180|year=2010|publisher=[[Yale University Press]]|page=180|isbn=978-0300168181}}</ref> His family were members of [[Bevis Marks]].<ref name="thejc">{{cite news |last=Doherty|first=Rosa|url=https://www.thejc.com/news/news-features/jeremy-corbyn-s-devoted-defender-jewish-voice-for-labour-jenny-manson-1.465660|title=Meet Jeremy Corbyn’s devoted Jewish defender: Jenny Manson|work= |location= |publisher=''[[The Jewish Chronicle]]''|date=19 June 2018|accessdate=1 July 2018}}</ref> The family moved to rural Hertfordshire in order to treat Redcliffe Salaman's tuberculosis. Raphael's interest in tools developed from watching craftsmen in the area.
In 1934 Raphael Salaman married Miriam Polianowsky. The couple had one son and three daughters. He died in [[Harpenden, Hertfordshire]].


Salaman attended [[Bedales School]] and then studied engineering at the [[University of Cambridge]].<ref name="independent"/>
== Education ==
He attended [[Bedales School]] and then studied engineering at Cambridge.<ref>[https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/obituary-r-a-salaman-1399714.html Obituary in the ''Independent''].</ref>


== Working life ==
==Career==
After university Raphael Salaman set up his own light-engineering company in London. During the Second World War he went to work for Marks and Spencer, organizing air-raid precautions (ARP) and fire-fighting.<ref>http://www.harpenden-history.org.uk/page_id__371.aspx?path=0p3p. Accessed 1 November 2014.</ref> After the war he continued to work for the retailer.<ref>http://www.saulwordsworth.com/blog/?p=373. Accessed 1 November 2014.</ref>
After university Salaman set up his own light-engineering company in London. During the Second World War he went to work for Marks and Spencer, organizing air-raid precautions (ARP) and fire-fighting.<ref>http://www.harpenden-history.org.uk/page_id__371.aspx?path=0p3p. Accessed 1 November 2014.</ref> After the war he continued to work for the retailer.<ref>http://www.saulwordsworth.com/blog/?p=373. Accessed 1 November 2014.</ref> His job involved travelling around Britain, which gave him the opportunity to collect tools. He collected hand tools related to trades that were becoming less common, including those of wheelwrights, coopers, farriers, saddlers and dairy workers.
His job involved travelling around Britain, which gave him the opportunity to collect tools. He collected hand tools related to trades that were becoming less common, including those of wheelwrights, coopers, farriers, saddlers and dairy workers.


His interest in tools was more than a hobby. He contributed to scholarly research. In 1959 he worked on a piece entitled, ''The Wheelwright's Art in Ancient China'' with [[Joseph Needham]] and [[Lu Gwei-djen|Lu Gwei-Djen]].<ref>http://collections.si.edu/search/results.htm?q=record_ID:siris_sil_894791.</ref>
His interest in tools was more than a hobby. He contributed to scholarly research. In 1959 he worked on a piece entitled, ''The Wheelwright's Art in Ancient China'' with [[Joseph Needham]] and [[Lu Gwei-djen|Lu Gwei-Djen]].<ref>http://collections.si.edu/search/results.htm?q=record_ID:siris_sil_894791.</ref>


After retiring he wrote two books on hand tools that have become standard reference works and are in the holdings of many libraries worldwide. The first, ''Dictionary of Woodworking Tools'', was first published in 1975.<ref>Salaman, R. A., with foreword by Joseph Needham (1997, revised by Philip Walker). ''Dictionary of Woodworking Tools, c. 1700–1970, and Tools of Allied Trades'' Mendham, NJ: Astragal Press {{ISBN|978-1-879335-79-0}}.</ref> His other book ''Dictionary of Leather-working Tools, c. 1700–1950, and the Tools of Allied Trades'' first came out in 1986.<ref>Salaman, R. A. (1996). ''Dictionary of Leather-working Tools, c. 1700–1950, and the Tools of Allied Trades'' Mendham, NJ: Astragal Press {{ISBN|978-1-879335-72-1}}.</ref>
Raph retired early and dedicated himself to compiling two definitive books about hand tools<ref name="theguardian">{{cite news |last=Wordsworth|first=Saul|url=https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2011/jan/15/saul-wordsworth-ukraine-grandmother|title=The adventures of Miriam|work= |location= |publisher=''[[The Guardian]]''|date=15 January 2011|accessdate=1 July 2018}}</ref> that have become standard reference works and are in the holdings of many libraries worldwide. The first, ''Dictionary of Woodworking Tools'', was first published in 1975.<ref>Salaman, R. A., with foreword by Joseph Needham (1997, revised by Philip Walker). ''Dictionary of Woodworking Tools, c. 1700–1970, and Tools of Allied Trades'' Mendham, NJ: Astragal Press {{ISBN|978-1-879335-79-0}}.</ref> His other book ''Dictionary of Leather-working Tools, c. 1700–1950, and the Tools of Allied Trades'' first came out in 1986.<ref>Salaman, R. A. (1996). ''Dictionary of Leather-working Tools, c. 1700–1950, and the Tools of Allied Trades'' Mendham, NJ: Astragal Press {{ISBN|978-1-879335-72-1}}.</ref>


==Collection==
== His collection ==
His collection of hand tools was bought by [http://www.stalbansmuseums.org.uk St Albans Museums Service]. Part of the collection was on display for many years at the Museum of St Albans. In 2010 it was removed from permanent exhibition.<ref>http://www.saulwordsworth.com/blog/?p=373. Accessed 1 November 2014.</ref> The tools remain in the reserve collection of the Museum Service.
Salaman's collection of hand tools was bought by [http://www.stalbansmuseums.org.uk St Albans Museums Service]. Part of the collection was on display for many years at the Museum of St Albans. In 2010 it was removed from permanent exhibition.<ref>http://www.saulwordsworth.com/blog/?p=373. Accessed 1 November 2014.</ref> The tools remain in the reserve collection of the Museum Service.


Some of his catalogues, price lists, books and drawings featured in an auction sale organized by David Stanley and held in Loughborough in 1987.<ref>''Special Consignment Sale by Auction of Quality Antique Woodworking & Allied Trades, Tools, Treen & Bygones: To Include a Rare Collection of Early Catalogues, Price Lists, Books & Drawings from Mr R.A. Salaman, the Kings Head Hotel, High Street, Loughborough, Leicestershire: Tuesday 23rd June, 1987''. Osgathorpe: [http://davidstanley.com/ David Stanley Auctions].</ref>
Some of his catalogues, price lists, books and drawings featured in an auction sale organized by David Stanley and held in Loughborough in 1987.<ref>''Special Consignment Sale by Auction of Quality Antique Woodworking & Allied Trades, Tools, Treen & Bygones: To Include a Rare Collection of Early Catalogues, Price Lists, Books & Drawings from Mr R.A. Salaman, the Kings Head Hotel, High Street, Loughborough, Leicestershire: Tuesday 23rd June, 1987''. Osgathorpe: [http://davidstanley.com/ David Stanley Auctions].</ref>


== The Salaman Awards and Grants==
==The Salaman Awards and Grants==
The Salaman Awards and Grants were established in memory of Raphael Salaman and are available to successful applicants through the [[Tools and Trades History Society]].<ref>See [http://taths.org.uk/about/awards-and-grants Salaman Awards and Grants].</ref>
The Salaman Awards and Grants were established in memory of Raphael Salaman and are available to successful applicants through the [[Tools and Trades History Society]].<ref>See [http://taths.org.uk/about/awards-and-grants Salaman Awards and Grants].</ref>


== References ==
==Personal life==
In 1933,<ref name="theguardian1">{{cite news |last=Wordsworth|first=Saul|url=https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2011/jan/15/saul-wordsworth-ukraine-grandmother|title=The adventures of Miriam|work= |location= |publisher=''[[The Guardian]]''|date=15 January 2011|accessdate=1 July 2018}}</ref> Salaman married Miriam Polianowsky. The couple had one son and three daughters,<ref name="independent">{{cite news |last=Kessler|first=David|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/obituary-r-a-salaman-1399714.html|title=Obituary: R. A. Salaman|work= |location= |publisher=''[[The Independent]]''|date=13 January 1994|accessdate= }}</ref> including [[Jewish Voice for Labour]] Chair, [[Jenny Manson]].<ref name="thejc"/> Their family were the only [[Jews|Jewish]] family in the town and according to his daughter Jenny Manson "the only family that voted [[Labour Party (UK)|Labour]]".<ref name="thejc"/> He and his wife were Labour Party supporters and actively involved with [[Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament|CND]],<ref name="hgs">{{cite news |last= |first= |url=http://www.hgs.org.uk/suburbnews/sn104/sn-7.pdf|title=What It Feels Like to Be Me|issue=104|work= |location= |publisher=''Suburb News''|date=2010|page=7|accessdate=1 July 2018}}</ref> and Salaman used to get news from [[Amnesty International|Amnesty]] and CND delivered.<ref name="thejc"/> Salaman died in [[Harpenden, Hertfordshire]].<ref name="independent"/>

Salaman's older elder brother, Myer, married Miriam's elder sister and writer [[Esther Salaman (writer)|Esther]].<ref name="Karl Popper and the Two New Secrets of Life2">{{cite book |last=Niemann|first=Hans-Joachim|title=Karl Popper and the Two New Secrets of Life|url=https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=RTPpiAMuZRcC&pg=PA40|year=2014|publisher=[[Mohr Siebeck]]|page=40|isbn=978-3161532078}}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{Reflist}}


== External links ==
==External links==
* [http://www.stalbansmuseums.org.uk St Albans Museums]
*[http://www.stalbansmuseums.org.uk St Albans Museums]


{{Authority control}}
{{Authority control}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Salaman, Raphael}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Salaman, Raphael}}
<!--- Categories --->
[[Category:1906 births]]
[[Category:1906 births]]
[[Category:1993 deaths]]
[[Category:1993 deaths]]
[[Category:Alumni of the University of Cambridge]]
[[Category:Alumni of the University of Cambridge]]
[[Category:British Jews]]
[[Category:English Jews]]
[[Category:British non-fiction writers]]
[[Category:English Jewish writers]]
[[Category:British male writers]]
[[Category:English male writers]]
[[Category:British Jewish writers]]
[[Category:English non-fiction writers]]
[[Category:English people of Dutch-Jewish descent]]
[[Category:English people of German-Jewish descent]]
[[Category:Labour Party (UK) people]]

Revision as of 00:01, 1 July 2018

Raphael Salaman
FSA
Born
Raphael Arthur Salaman

(1906-04-24)24 April 1906
Barley, Hertfordshire, England
Died31 December 1993(1993-12-31) (aged 87)
Harpenden, Hertfordshire, England
NationalityBritish
EducationBedales School
Alma materUniversity of Cambridge
Occupation(s)Tool collector, writer
Spouse
Miriam Polianowsky
​
(m. 1933)​
Children3; including
Esther Polianowsky
(sister-in-law)

Raphael Arthur Salaman, FSA (24 April 1906 – 31 December 1993), was a British engineer, collector of hand tools and writer. His work recorded the tools used during the 18th, 19th and early 20th centuries in Britain.

Family and education

R. A. Salaman, also known as Raph, was born in

Redcliffe N. Salaman FRS, the botanist who wrote The History and Social Influence of the Potato.[1] His mother Nina (née Davis) was a writer, poet and Hebrew scholar.[2]

The Salaman family are Ashkenazi Jews,[3] according his father, the Salaman family migrated to Britain from either Holland or the Rhineland in the early 18th century.[4] His family were members of Bevis Marks.[5] The family moved to rural Hertfordshire in order to treat Redcliffe Salaman's tuberculosis. Raphael's interest in tools developed from watching craftsmen in the area.

Salaman attended Bedales School and then studied engineering at the University of Cambridge.[6]

Career

After university Salaman set up his own light-engineering company in London. During the Second World War he went to work for Marks and Spencer, organizing air-raid precautions (ARP) and fire-fighting.[7] After the war he continued to work for the retailer.[8] His job involved travelling around Britain, which gave him the opportunity to collect tools. He collected hand tools related to trades that were becoming less common, including those of wheelwrights, coopers, farriers, saddlers and dairy workers.

His interest in tools was more than a hobby. He contributed to scholarly research. In 1959 he worked on a piece entitled, The Wheelwright's Art in Ancient China with Joseph Needham and Lu Gwei-Djen.[9]

Raph retired early and dedicated himself to compiling two definitive books about hand tools[10] that have become standard reference works and are in the holdings of many libraries worldwide. The first, Dictionary of Woodworking Tools, was first published in 1975.[11] His other book Dictionary of Leather-working Tools, c. 1700–1950, and the Tools of Allied Trades first came out in 1986.[12]

Collection

Salaman's collection of hand tools was bought by St Albans Museums Service. Part of the collection was on display for many years at the Museum of St Albans. In 2010 it was removed from permanent exhibition.[13] The tools remain in the reserve collection of the Museum Service.

Some of his catalogues, price lists, books and drawings featured in an auction sale organized by David Stanley and held in Loughborough in 1987.[14]

The Salaman Awards and Grants

The Salaman Awards and Grants were established in memory of Raphael Salaman and are available to successful applicants through the Tools and Trades History Society.[15]

Personal life

In 1933,

Harpenden, Hertfordshire.[6]

Salaman's older elder brother, Myer, married Miriam's elder sister and writer

Esther.[18]

References

  1. ISBN 978-0-521-31623-1
    .
  2. ISBN 978-3161532078
    .
  3. ^ Morrison, Blake (11 October 2013). "Generation gap". The Guardian. Retrieved 1 July 2018. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  4. ISBN 978-0300168181
    .
  5. ^ a b c d Doherty, Rosa (19 June 2018). "Meet Jeremy Corbyn's devoted Jewish defender: Jenny Manson". The Jewish Chronicle. Retrieved 1 July 2018. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  6. ^ a b c Kessler, David (13 January 1994). "Obituary: R. A. Salaman". The Independent. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  7. ^ http://www.harpenden-history.org.uk/page_id__371.aspx?path=0p3p. Accessed 1 November 2014.
  8. ^ http://www.saulwordsworth.com/blog/?p=373. Accessed 1 November 2014.
  9. ^ http://collections.si.edu/search/results.htm?q=record_ID:siris_sil_894791.
  10. ^ Wordsworth, Saul (15 January 2011). "The adventures of Miriam". The Guardian. Retrieved 1 July 2018. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  11. ISBN 978-1-879335-79-0
    .
  12. ISBN 978-1-879335-72-1
    .
  13. ^ http://www.saulwordsworth.com/blog/?p=373. Accessed 1 November 2014.
  14. ^ Special Consignment Sale by Auction of Quality Antique Woodworking & Allied Trades, Tools, Treen & Bygones: To Include a Rare Collection of Early Catalogues, Price Lists, Books & Drawings from Mr R.A. Salaman, the Kings Head Hotel, High Street, Loughborough, Leicestershire: Tuesday 23rd June, 1987. Osgathorpe: David Stanley Auctions.
  15. ^ See Salaman Awards and Grants.
  16. ^ Wordsworth, Saul (15 January 2011). "The adventures of Miriam". The Guardian. Retrieved 1 July 2018. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  17. ^ "What It Feels Like to Be Me" (PDF). No. 104. Suburb News. 2010. p. 7. Retrieved 1 July 2018. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  18. ISBN 978-3161532078
    .

External links
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Raphael_Salaman&oldid=848285385"