View source for List of the oldest mosques

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The '''oldest mosques in the world''' can refer to the oldest, surviving [[mosque]] building or to the oldest mosque congregation. There is also a distinction between old mosque buildings in continuous use as mosques and others no longer used as mosques. In terms of congregations, there are early established congregations that have been in continuous existence, and early congregations that ceased to exist.

The major regions, such as Africa and Eurasia, are sorted alphabetically, and the minor regions, such as Arabia and South Asia, are sorted by the dates in which their first mosques were reportedly established, more or less, barring those that are mentioned by name in the [[Quran]].

To be listed here a site must:
*be the oldest mosque in a country, large city (top 50), or oldest of its type (denomination, architectural, etc.);
*be the oldest congregation of its type (denomination).

== Mentioned in the Quran ==
The following are treated as the oldest mosques or [[Haram (site)|sanctuaries]]<ref name="Michigan C 1986">{{cite book |author=Michigan Consortium for Medieval and Early Modern Studies |editor1=Goss, V. P. |editor2=Bornstein, C. V. |title=The Meeting of Two Worlds: Cultural Exchange Between East and West During the Period of the Crusades |publisher=Medieval Institute Publications, Western Michigan University |volume=21 |page=208 |isbn=978-0-9187-2058-0 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=p44kAQAAMAAJ |year=1986}}</ref> mentioned in the [[Quran]]:<ref name="Cite quran|17|1|e=7|s=ns">[[Quran 17:1-7]] {{cite quran|17|1|e=7|s=ns}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! style="width:15%"|Building
! class="unsortable"; style="width:15%"|Image
! style="width:15%"|Location
! style="width:15%"|Country
! style="width:10%"|First built
! class="unsortable"; style="width:30%"|Notes

|-
|[[Masjid al-Haram|Al-Haram Mosque]]
|[[File:As pilgrims prepare to return to their homes, Saudi authorities begin to prep for next year's Hajj - Flickr - Al Jazeera English.jpg|center|120px]]
|[[Mecca]]
|[[Saudi Arabia]]
|{{sort|0|Unknown}}, considered the oldest mosque, [[Abraham in Islam#Relationship with Islamic shrines|associated with Abraham]]<ref name="Michigan C 1986"/>
|''Al-Masjid al-Ḥarām'',{{efn|Mentioned in: [[Quran 2:144–217]];<ref name="Cite quran|2|144|e=217|s=ns">{{cite quran|2|144|e=217|s=ns}}</ref> [[Quran 5:2]];<ref name="Cite quran|5|2|t=y|s=ns">{{Cite quran|5|2|t=y|s=ns}}</ref> [[Quran 8:34]];<ref name="Cite quran|8|34|t=y|s=ns">{{Cite quran|8|34|t=y|s=ns}}</ref> [[Quran 9:7–28]];<ref name="Cite quran|9|7|e=28|s=ns">{{cite quran|9|7|e=28|s=ns}}</ref> [[Quran 17:1]];<ref name="Cite quran|17|1|e=7|s=ns"/> [[Quran 22:25]];<ref name="Cite quran|22|25|t=y|s=ns">{{Cite quran|22|25|t=y|s=ns}}</ref> [[Quran 48:25–27]].<ref name="Cite quran|48|25|e=27|s=ns">{{cite quran|48|25|e=27|s=ns}}</ref>}} the [[Holiest sites in Islam|holiest sanctuary]], containing the ''[[Kaaba|Ka'bah]]'', a site of the ''[[Hajj|Ḥajj]]'' ('[[Pilgrimage]]'), the ''[[Qibla]]h''<ref name="Cite quran|2|127|t=y|s=ns">{{Cite quran|2|127|t=y|s=ns}}</ref> (direction of formal [[prayers]] of [[Muslim]]s), and the first mosque<ref name="Cite quran|3|96|t=y|s=ns">{{Cite quran|3|96|t=y|s=ns}}</ref><ref name="Cite quran|22|25|e=37|s=ns">{{Cite quran|22|25|e=37|s=ns}}</ref> in Islamic thought.<ref name="Lings">''Mecca: From Before Genesis Until Now'', M. Lings, pg. 39, Archetype</ref><ref name="Zeitlin">{{cite book |author=Zeitlin, I. M. |title=The Historical Muhammad |publisher=[[John Wiley and Sons]] |chapter=3 |isbn=978-0745654881 |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=v_seJ21M0UoC |date=2013-04-25}}</ref> Rebuilt many times, notably 1571 by the [[Ottoman Empire|Ottomans]], and the late 20th century by the Saudis, further enlargement under way since 2010.
|-
|[[Al-Aqsa|Haram al-Sharif]], also known as the Al-Aqsa Mosque Compound
|[[File:Temple Mount - Al Aqsa Mosque compound, shown with various alternative names.jpg|center|120px]]
|[[Old City of Jerusalem|Jerusalem (old city)]]
|[[Palestine]]
|Considered the second oldest mosque in Islamic tradition,<ref name=NG>{{cite book | author=National Geographic Society (U.S.) | last2=de Blij | first2=H.J. | last3=Downs | first3=R. | author4=John Wiley & Sons | title=Wiley/National Geographic College Atlas of the World | publisher=Wiley | year=2007 | isbn=978-0-471-74117-6 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pPQ5AQAAIAAJ | access-date=2022-06-15 | page=49|quote=Al 'Aqsa is the second oldest mosque in Islam after the Kaaba in Mecca and is third in holiness after the mosques in Mecca and Medina. It holds up to 400,000 worshippers at one time.}}</ref> associated with Abraham.<ref name="Michigan C 1986"/>
The [[Dome of the Rock]] was constructed in 692, the [[Qibli Mosque|Al-Aqsa Mosque]] in 705.
|''Al-Masjid al-Aqṣá'',<ref name="Cite quran|17|1|e=7|s=ns"/> the former ''Qiblah'',<ref>"The Spiritual Significance of Jerusalem: The Islamic Vision. The Islamic Quarterly. 4 (1998): pp.233–242</ref> site of the significant event of [[Isra and Mi'raj|''Night Journey'']] ''([[Al-Isra|Isra]] and Mi'raj)<ref name="17th2">{{Cite book |last=Buchanan |first=Allen |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bntCSupRlO4C&pg=PA192 |title=States, Nations, and Borders: The Ethics of Making Boundaries |publisher=Cambridge University Press |year=2004 |isbn=0-521-52575-6 |author-link=Allen Buchanan}}</ref>'', considered the third [[Haram (site)|holiest site]] in Islam. The Qur'an does not specify the precise location of "the furthest place of prayer", and its meaning was debated by early Islamic scholars.<ref name="Khatib">{{cite journal |last=el-Khatib |first=Abdallah |date=1 May 2001 |title=Jerusalem in the Qur'ān |url=http://taylorandfrancis.metapress.com/openurl.asp?genre=article&issn=1353-0194&volume=28&issue=1&spage=25 |url-status=dead |journal=British Journal of Middle Eastern Studies |volume=28 |issue=1 |pages=25–53 |doi=10.1080/13530190120034549 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20121209133352/http://taylorandfrancis.metapress.com/openurl.asp?genre=article&issn=1353-0194&volume=28&issue=1&spage=25 |archive-date=9 December 2012 |access-date=17 November 2006 |s2cid=159680405|url-access=subscription }}</ref><ref name=":9">Khalek, N. (2011). ''Jerusalem in Medieval Islamic Tradition. Religion Compass, 5(10), 624–630.'' doi:10.1111/j.1749-8171.2011.00305.x. "One of the most pressing issues in both medieval and contemporary scholarship related to Jerusalem is weather the city is explicitly referenced in the text of the Qur'an. Sura 17, verse 1, which reads [...] has been variously interpreted as referring to the miraculous Night Journey and Ascension of Muhammad, events recorded in medieval sources and known as the isra and miraj. As we will see, this association is a rather late and even a contested one. [...] The earliest Muslim work on the Religious Merits of Jerusalem was the Fada'il Bayt al-Maqdis by al-Walid ibn Hammad al-Ramli (d. 912 CE), a text which is recoverable from later works. [...] He relates the significance of Jerusalem vis-a-vis the Jewish Temple, conflating 'a collage of biblical narratives' and comments pilgrimage to Jerusalem, a practice which was controversial in later Muslim periods."</ref><ref name="Colby20082">{{cite book |author=Frederick S. Colby |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sasZCjcTisIC&pg=PA15 |title=Narrating Muhammad's Night Journey: Tracing the Development of the Ibn 'Abbas Ascension Discourse |date=6 August 2008 |publisher=SUNY Press |isbn=978-0-7914-7788-5 |page=15 |quote=If Muslims interpret the qur'anic phrase "the sacred place of prayer" in diverse ways, one encounters even more debate over the destination of the night journey, the "furthest place of prayer". From the earliest extant Muslim texts, it becomes clear that a group of Muslims from the beginning interpreted "furthest place of prayer" with the city of Jerusalem in general and its Herodian/Solomonic Temple in particular. It is equally clear that other early Muslims disputed this connection, identifying the "furthest place of prayer" instead as a reference to a site in the heavens. Eventually a general consensus formed around the idea that Muhammad's journey did indeed take him to Jerusalem. Even if the night journey verse were thought to refer first and foremost to the terrestrial portion of Muhammad's journey, nevertheless for centuries scholars and storytellers also continued to connect this verse with the idea of an ascent through the levels of the heavens. |access-date=14 March 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200715080148/https://books.google.com/books?id=sasZCjcTisIC&pg=PA15 |archive-date=15 July 2020 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=":10">{{Cite journal |last=Grabar |first=Oleg |date=1959 |title=The Umayyad Dome of the Rock in Jerusalem |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/4629098 |journal=Ars Orientalis |volume=3 |pages=33–62 |issn=0571-1371 |jstor=4629098 |quote=Bevan has shown that among early traditionists there are many who do not accept the identification of the masjid al-aqsd, and among them are to be found such great names as al-Bukhari and Tabarl. Both Ibn Ishaq an al-Ya'qubi precede their accounts with expressions which indicate that these are stories which are not necessarily accepted as dogma. It was suggested by J. Horovitz that in the early period of Islam there is little justification for assuming that the Koranic expression in any way referred to Jerusalem. But while Horovitz thought that it referred to a place in heaven, A. Guillaume's careful analysis of the earliest texts (al-Waqidi and al-Azraqi, both in the later second century A.H.) has convincingly shown that the Koranic reference to the masjid al-aqsa applies specifically to al-Ji'ranah, near Mekkah, where there were two sanctuaries (masjid al-adnai and masjid al-aqsa), and where Muhammad so-journed in dha al-qa'dah of the eighth year after the Hijrah.}}</ref> Eventually, a consensus emerged its identification with the [[Temple Mount]] in Jerusalem.<ref name="Colby20082"/><ref>Busse, H. (1968). The sanctity of Jerusalem in Islam. ''Judaism'', ''17''(4), 441. "Tradition varies as to the location of the Ascension; Syrian local tradition was able to prevail, by maintaining that the Ascension started in Jerusalem rather than in Mecca, directly following the Night Journey".</ref>
The term Al-Aqsa properly refers to the whole Temple Mount compound (seen as a single mosque).{{efn|According to historian Oleg Grabar, "It is only at a relatively late date that the Muslim holy space in Jerusalem came to be referred to as al-haram al-sharif (literally, the Noble Sacred Precinct or Restricted Enclosure, often translated as the Noble Sanctuary and usually simply referred to as the Haram). While the exact early history of this term is unclear, we know that it only became common in Ottoman times, when administrative order was established over all matters pertaining to the organization of the Muslim faith and the supervision of the holy places, for which the Ottomans took financial and architectural responsibility. Before the Ottomans, the space was usually called ''al-masjid al-aqsa'' (the Farthest Mosque), a term now reserved to the covered congregational space on the Haram, or ''masjid bayt al-maqdis'' (Mosque of the Holy City) or, even, like Mecca's sanctuary, ''al-masjid al-ḥarâm'',"<ref>Grabar 2000, p. 203.</ref>}} The mosque compound should not be confused with the silver-domed congregational mosque or prayer hall facing Mecca, commonly referred to in English as [[Al-Aqsa Mosque]], and also known as Al-Qibli Mosque (see below).
|-
|[[Al-Mash'ar Al-Haram|The Sacred Monument]]
|[[File:Masy'aril Haram Mosque in Muzdalifah, January 2015.jpg|center|120px]]
|[[Muzdalifah]]
|Saudi Arabia
|{{sort|0|Unknown}}
|''Al-Mashʿar Al-Ḥarām''<ref name="Cite quran|2|129|t=y|s=ns">{{Cite quran|2|129|t=y|s=ns}}</ref> a site of the Hajj.<ref name="Long1979">{{cite book |last=Long |first=David E. |title=The Hajj Today: A Survey of the Contemporary Pilgrimage to Makkah |chapter=2: The Rites of the Hajj |pages=11–24 |year=1979 |publisher=SUNY Press |quote=With thousands of Hajjis, most of them in motor vehicles, rushing headlong for Muzdalifah, the potential is there for one of ... There is special grace for praying at the roofless mosque in Muzdalifah called al-Mash'ar al-Haram (the Sacred Grove) ... |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2Uk3Gh6xrUUC |isbn=978-0-8739-5382-5}}</ref><ref name="Danarto1989">{{cite book |author=Danarto |title=A Javanese pilgrim in Mecca |year=1989 |page=27 |publisher=Centre of Southeast Asian Studies, Monash University |quote=It was still dark when we arrived at Muzdalifah, four miles away. The Koran instructs us to spend the night at al-Mash'ar al-Haram. the Sacred Grove at Muzdalifah, as one of the conditions for the hajj . We scrambled out of the bus and looked ... |url=https://trove.nla.gov.au/work/16885565?q&versionId=19820365 |isbn=978-0-8674-6939-4}}</ref><ref name="Jones2005">{{cite encyclopedia |last=Jones |first=Lindsay |title=Encyclopedia of religion |publisher=[[Macmillan Reference USA]] |page=7159 |volume=10 |year=2005 |quote=The Qur'an admonishes: "When you hurry from Arafat, remember God at the Sacred Grove (al-mash' ar al-haram)," that is, at Muzdalifah (2:198). Today a mosque marks the place in Muzdalifah where pilgrims gather to perform the special saldt ... |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vjQOAQAAMAAJ |isbn=978-0-0286-5743-1}}</ref><ref name="BadawiSardar1978">{{cite book |author1=Sardar, Ziauddin |author2=Zaki Badawi, M. A. |author2-link=Zaki Badawi |title=Hajj Studies |publisher=[[Croom Helm]] for Hajj Research Centre. [[King Abdul Aziz University]] |location=[[Jeddah]] |page=32 |year=1978 |quote=Muzdalifah is an open plain sheltered by parched hills with sparse growth of thorn bushes. The pilgrims spend a night under the open sky of the roofless Mosque, the Sacred Grove, Al Mush'ar al-Haram. On the morning of the tenth, all depart ... |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VYAOAAAAQAAJ |isbn=978-0-8566-4681-2|author1-link=Ziauddin Sardar }}</ref>
|-
|[[Quba Mosque]]
|[[File:Origquba.jpg|120px]]
|[[Medina]]
|Saudi Arabia
|{{sort|0622|622}}
|The first mosque built by [[Muhammad]] in the 7th century [[Common Era|CE]], possibly mentioned as the "Mosque founded on piety since the first day"<ref name="Cite quran|9|108|t=y|s=ns">{{Cite quran|9|108|t=y|s=ns}}</ref> in the Quran.{{Citation needed|date=January 2019}} Largely rebuilt in the late 20th century.
|}

{{Characters and names in the Quran}}

== Africa ==
{{See also|List of mosques in Africa}}

=== Northeast Africa ===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+ [[Northeast Africa]]
! style="width:15%"|Building
! class="unsortable"; style="width:15%"|Image
! style="width:10%"|Location
! style="width:15%"|Country
! style="width:10%"|First built
! style="width:10%"|Tradition
! class="unsortable"; style="width:25%"|Notes
|-
|[[Mosque of the Companions]]
|[[File:Sahaba Shrine, Massawa, Eritrea.jpg|center|120px]]
|[[Massawa]]
|[[Eritrea]]
|{{sort|0620|620s–630s}}
|
|Believed by some to be the first mosque in Africa and built by the [[companions of Muhammad]] in the 7th century.<ref name="Reid2012Massawa">{{cite book |last=Reid |first=Richard J. |title=A History of Modern Africa: 1800 to the Present |publisher=[[John Wiley and Sons]] |chapter=The Islamic Frontier in Eastern Africa |page=106 |isbn=978-0470658987 |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=US6RQtYwasUC |date=12 January 2012 |access-date=15 March 2015}}</ref>
|-
|[[Al Nejashi Mosque]]
|[[File:Negash 8.jpg|center|120px]]
|[[Negash]]
|[[Ethiopia]]
|{{sort|0699|7th century}}
|
|By tradition, the burial site of several followers of Muhammad who, during his lifetime, fled to the [[Aksumite Kingdom]] to escape persecution in Mecca.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.omanobserver.om/article/28253/Features/the-untold-story-of-king-negash-and-the-al-nejashi-mosque|title=The untold story of King Negash and the al Nejashi Mosque|date=18 July 2019}}</ref> It was recently{{when?|date=April 2025}} renovated by TIKA, a Turkish cooperation organization.<ref name="madainnegash">{{cite web |title=Negash Āmedīn Mesgīd |url=https://madainproject.com/negash_amedin_mesgid |website=Madain Project |access-date=30 May 2019}}</ref>
|-
|[[Mosque of Amr ibn al-As]]
|[[File:Mosque Amr ibn Al-As Entrance.jpg|center|120px]]
|[[Cairo]]
|[[Egypt]]
|{{sort|0641|641}}
|
|Named after [['Amr ibn al-'As]], commander of the [[Muslim conquest of Egypt]]. First mosque in Egypt and claimed to be the first mosque in Africa.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Abu-Lughod |first=Janet L. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QVmYDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA13 |title=Cairo: 1001 Years of the City Victorious |publisher=Princeton University Press |year=2018 |isbn=978-0-691-65660-1 |pages=13 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Shoup |first=John A. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mBjHEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA209 |title=The Nile: An Encyclopedia of Geography, History, and Culture |publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing USA |year=2017 |isbn=978-1-4408-4041-8 |pages=209 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Sheehan |first=Peter |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-9ZjDQAAQBAJ&pg=PA143 |title=Babylon of Egypt: The Archaeology of Old Cairo and the Origins of the City |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=2015 |isbn=978-977-416-731-7 |pages=10, 143 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=O'Kane |first=Bernard |title=The Mosques of Egypt |publisher=American University of Cairo Press |year=2016 |isbn=9789774167324 |pages=2 |language=en}}</ref>
|-
|[[Mosque of Ibn Tulun]]
|[[File:Kairo_Ibn_Tulun_Moschee_BW_4.jpg|center|120px]]
|Cairo
|Egypt
|{{sort|0879|879}}
|
|
|-
|[[Al-Azhar Mosque]]
|[[File:Cairo_-_Islamic_district_-_Al_Azhar_Mosque_and_University.JPG|center|120px]]
|Cairo
|Egypt
|{{sort|0972|972}}
|[[Sunni Islam|Sunni]]
|
|-
|[[Arba'a Rukun Mosque]]
|[[File:Mogadishu city centre - 1960s.jpg|center|120px]]
|[[Mogadishu]]
|[[Somalia]]
|{{sort|1268|1268/9}}
|Sunni
|
|}

=== Northwest Africa ===
{{see also|Islam in Rwanda}}
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+ [[Northwest Africa]]
! style="width:15%"|Building
! class="unsortable"; style="width:15%"|Image
! style="width:10%"|Location
! style="width:15%"|Country
! style="width:10%"|First built
! style="width:10%"|Tradition
! class="unsortable"; style="width:25%"|Notes
|-
|[[Great Mosque of Kairouan]]
|[[File:Kairouan's Great Mosque courtyard.jpg|center|120px]]
|[[Kairouan]]
|[[Tunisia]]
|{{sort|0670|670}}
|Sunni
|Believed to be the first mosque in the [[Maghreb]]. The current mosque dates from a total reconstruction starting in 836 under the [[Aghlabids]], with further restorations and additions in later periods.<ref name="bloom blair">{{Cite book |last= |first= |title=The Grove Encyclopedia of Islamic Art and Architecture |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=2009 |isbn=9780195309911 |editor-last=Bloom |editor-first=Jonathan M. |volume=2 |location= |language=en |chapter=Kairouan |editor-last2=Blair |editor-first2=Sheila S.}}</ref>{{rp|366}}
|-
|{{ill|Sidi Ghanem Mosque|fr|Mosquée Sidi Ghanem de Mila}}
|[[File:Mosqué de Sidi Ghanem a Mila.jpg|center|120px]]
|[[Mila, Algeria|Mila]]
|[[Algeria]]
|{{sort|0686|675}}
|
|The Mosque was built in 675 by [[Abu al-Muhajir Dinar]], the governor of Ifriqiya, from 674 to 681 on behalf of the Umayyads. It was established near a Byzantine basilica, and contains many ancient materials (ornaments, columns, etc.). It is also rather oriented towards the South, a unique fact in the Maghreb, which evokes the first mosques of the Mashreq.
|-
|[[Sidi Okba Mosque]]
|[[File:Sidi_Uqba.JPG|center|120px]]
|[[Sidi Okba]]
|[[Algeria]]
|{{sort|0686|686–1025}}
|
|Mosque and tomb dated between 686 and 1025, starting with the tomb in 686. The mosque was subsequently built around it.<ref name="mu">{{Cite web |last=Lafer |first=Ali |title=Sidi 'Uqba (mosque, minaret and tomb) |url=https://islamicart.museumwnf.org/database_item.php?id=monument;ISL;dz;Mon01;15;en |access-date=28 March 2024 |website=Discover Islamic Art, Museum With No Frontiers}}</ref>
|-
|[[Al-Zaytuna Mosque]]
|[[File:MinaretMosqueeZitounaTunis.JPG|center|120px]]
|[[Tunis]]
|Tunisia
|{{sort|0709|698}}
|Sunni
|There are some doubts about the exact foundation date: usually attributed to 698 but it could have been a bit later in 734.<ref name=":0522">{{Cite book |last=Chater |first=Khalifa |title=Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition |publisher=Brill |year=2002 |isbn=9789004161214 |editor-last=Bearman |editor-first=P. |volume=XI |location= |pages=488–490 |language=en |chapter=Zaytūna |editor-last2=Bianquis |editor-first2=Th. |editor-last3=Bosworth |editor-first3=C.E. |editor-last4=van Donzel |editor-first4=E. |editor-last5=Heinrichs |editor-first5=W.P.}}</ref><ref name=":172">{{Cite book |last=Daoulatli |first=Abdelaziz |title=The Aghlabids and Their Neighbors: Art and Material Culture in Ninth-Century North Africa |publisher=Brill |year=2018 |isbn=978-90-04-35566-8 |editor-last=Anderson |editor-first=Glaire D. |pages=248 |language=fr |chapter=La Grande Mosquée Zitouna : un authentique monument aghlabide (milieu du IXe siècle) |editor-last2=Fenwick |editor-first2=Corisande |editor-last3=Rosser-Owen |editor-first3=Mariam}}</ref> The current mosque dates from a total reconstruction in 864 under the [[Aghlabids]],<ref name=":17">{{Cite book |last=Lamine |first=Sihem |title=The Aghlabids and Their Neighbors: Art and Material Culture in Ninth-Century North Africa |publisher=Brill |year=2018 |isbn=978-90-04-35566-8 |editor-last=Anderson |editor-first=Glaire D. |pages=269–293 |language=en |chapter=The Zaytuna: The Mosque of a Rebellious City |editor-last2=Fenwick |editor-first2=Corisande |editor-last3=Rosser-Owen |editor-first3=Mariam}}</ref> with further modifications and renovations in later eras.<ref name=":0522" />
|-
|Bu Ftata Mosque
|[[File:Mosquée boufatata.jpg|center|frameless|120x120px]]
|[[Sousse]]
|Tunisia
|{{sort|0841|838–841}}
|
|Dated by an inscription to the reign of [[Abu Iqal al-Aghlab ibn Ibrahim]] (838–841). Minaret added later  under the Hafsids.<ref name=bloom>{{Cite book |last=Bloom |first=Jonathan M. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IRHbDwAAQBAJ |title=Architecture of the Islamic West: North Africa and the Iberian Peninsula, 700-1800 |publisher=Yale University Press |year=2020 |isbn=9780300218701 |location= |language=en}}</ref>{{rp|33}}
|-
|[[Great Mosque of Sfax]]
|[[File:Grande_Mosqu%C3%A9e_de_Sfax_01.jpg|center|120px]]
|[[Sfax]]
|Tunisia
|{{sort|0850|849}}
|
|Exact construction date uncertain, but probably around 849.<ref name=bloom/>{{rp|37}}
|-
|[[Great Mosque of Sousse]]
|[[File:Great_Mosque_of_Sousse.jpg|center|120px]]
|Sousse
|Tunisia
|{{sort|0851|851}}
|
|<ref name="di">[http://www.discoverislamicart.org/database_item.php?id=monument;ISL;tn;Mon01;5;en Great Mosque of Sousse.] ''Museum with No Frontiers''. Retrieved 8-1-2017.</ref>
|-
|[[Al-Qarawiyyin University|Al-Qarawiyyin mosque]]
|[[File:Qarawiyyin Mosque DSCF4250.jpg|center|120x120px]]
|[[Fez, Morocco|Fez]]
|[[Morocco]]
|{{sort|0859|859}}
|
|Some doubts exist about its foundation;<ref name=bloom/>{{rp|42}} with possible alternative of 877 CE, based on an inscription discovered in the 20th century.<ref name=":34">{{Cite journal |last=Benchekroun |first=Chafik T. |date=2011 |title=Les Idrissides: L'histoire contre son histoire |journal=Al-Masaq |volume=23 |issue=3 |pages=171–188 |doi=10.1080/09503110.2011.617063 |s2cid=161308864}}</ref><ref name=":05222">{{Cite book |last=Nagy |first=Péter T |title=Encyclopaedia of Islam, Three |publisher=Brill |year=2023 |isbn=9789004161658 |editor-last=Fleet |editor-first=Kate |location= |pages= |language=en |chapter=al-Qarawiyyīn Mosque |editor-last2=Krämer |editor-first2=Gudrun |editor-last3=Matringe |editor-first3=Denis |editor-last4=Nawas |editor-first4=John |editor-last5=Rowson |editor-first5=Everett}}</ref> The present building dates from multiple later expansions and reconstructions, with the oldest elements dating from the 10th century.<ref name=bloom/>{{rp|42}} Significantly expanded under the [[Almoravids]] between 1135 and 1143.<ref name=":03">{{Cite book |last=Terrasse |first=Henri |title=La Mosquée al-Qaraouiyin à Fès; avec une étude de Gaston Deverdun sur les inscriptions historiques de la mosquée |publisher=Librairie C. Klincksieck |year=1968 |location=Paris |pages=5, 17–24 |language=fr}}</ref>
|-
|[[Mosque of the Andalusians]]
|[[File:Andalous mosque portal.jpg|center|120px]]
|Fez
|Morocco
|{{sort|0859|859}}
|
|There are doubts about its foundation; and the oldest parts of the present building date from the 10th century.<ref name=bloom/>{{rp|42}} It was mostly reconstructed by the [[Almohads]] between 1203 and 1207.<ref name=":13">{{Cite book |last1=Terrasse |first1=Henri |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oPL-zQEACAAJ |title=La mosquée des Andalous à Fès |publisher=Les Éditions d'art et d'histoire |year=1942 |location=Paris |pages=10–11 |language=fr}}</ref>
|-
|[[Al-Naqah Mosque]]
|[[File:Naga Mosque Exterior Tripoli Libya.JPG|center|120x120px]]
|[[Tripoli, Libya|Tripoli]]
|[[Libya]]
|{{sort|0973|973}}
|
|Oldest Islamic monument in Tripoli,<ref name=":16">{{Cite book |last=Petersen |first=Andrew |url=https://www.archnet.org/collections/126 |title=Dictionary of Islamic Architecture |publisher=Routledge |year=1996 |isbn=9781134613663 |location= |pages=165–166 |language=en |chapter=Libiya (Libyan Arab People's Socialist State)}}</ref> though its history is not well-known.<ref name=bloom/>{{rp|218–219}} Likely built by the Fatimid caliph [[Al-Mu'izz li-Din Allah|al-Mu'izz]], though it may be older.<ref name=":16" /> Reconstructed in {{AH|1019}}.<ref name=bloom/>{{rp|218–219}}
|-
|[[Great Mosque of Tlemcen]]
|[[File:Grande mosquée et dépendance Minaret de la Mosquée 003.jpg|center|120px]]
|[[Tlemcen]]
|Algeria
|{{sort|1082|1082}}
|
|Founded under the [[Almoravids]], decoration completed or redone in 1136 by another Almoravid ruler. Important renovation and additions took place in 1236 under the first [[Kingdom of Tlemcen|Zayyanid]] ruler.<ref name=":04">{{Cite journal |last=Almagro |first=Antonio |date=2015 |title=The Great Mosque of Tlemcen and the Dome of its Maqsura |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/281197636 |journal=Al-Qantara |volume=36 |issue=1 |pages=199–257 |doi=10.3989/alqantara.2015.007 |doi-access=free |hdl-access=free |hdl=10261/122812}}</ref>
|-
|[[Ksar Mosque]]
|[[File:Mosque El Ksar.jpg|center|frameless|120x120px]]
|Tunis
|Tunisia
|{{sort|1106|1106}}
|
|
|-
|[[Kutubiyya Mosque]]
|[[File:Koutoubia DSCF8275.jpg|center|120x120px]]
|[[Marrakesh]]
|Morocco
|{{sort|1147|1147}}
|
|
|}

=== Southeast Africa ===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+ [[Southeast Africa]] (including nearby islands of the [[Indian Ocean]], but barring countries that are also in Southern Africa)
! style="width:15%"|Building
! class="unsortable"; style="width:15%"|Image
! style="width:10%"|Location
! style="width:15%"|Country
! style="width:10%"|First built
! style="width:10%"|Tradition
! class="unsortable"; style="width:25%"|Notes
|-
|Shanga Mosque
|
|[[Shanga, Pate Island]]
|[[Kenya]]
|{{sort|0830|830}}
|
|Foundation discovered, with coins attesting dates, during the 1980s excavations. The earliest concrete evidence of Muslims in East Africa.<ref name="WesterlundSvanberg1999">{{cite book |last1=Westerlund |first1=David |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1DH9wZky30EC |title=Islam Outside the Arab World |last2=Svanberg |first2=Ingvar |publisher=Psychology Press |year=1999 |isbn=978-0-7007-1124-6}}</ref>{{rp|97}}
|-
|[[Great Mosque of Kilwa]]
|[[File:Great_Mosque_of_Kilwa_Kisiwani,_11th_-_18th_cents_(2)_(28963560112).jpg|center|120px]]
|[[Kilwa Kisiwani]]
|[[Tanzania]]
|{{sort|1100|1000–1100}}
|
|
|-
|[[Kizimkazi Mosque]]
|[[File:KizimkaziMosque1.JPG|center|120px]]
|[[Dimbani]]
|Tanzania
|{{sort|1107}}
|
|According to an inscription.<ref name="ArchnetKizimkaziMosque">{{cite web |url=http://archnet.org/library/sites/one-site.tcl?site_id=7832 |title=Kizimkazi Mosque |access-date=2010-09-04 |work=ArchNet |publisher=[[Massachusetts Institute of Technology]] |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050219004436/http://archnet.org/library/sites/one-site.tcl?site_id=7832 |archive-date=2005-02-19 }}</ref>
|-
|[[Tsingoni Mosque]]
|[[File:Tsingoni minaret.jpg|center|80px]]
|[[Tsingoni]], [[Mayotte]]
|[[France]]
|{{sort|1538}}
|
|<ref name="archeologiemayotte.over-blog.com">{{cite web |language=fr |first1=Martial |last1=Pauly |date=10 February 2011 |access-date=10 June 2017 |url=http://archeologiemayotte.over-blog.com/article-la-mosquee-de-tsingoni-la-plus-ancienne-mosquee-en-activite-de-france-66838631.html |title=La mosquée de Tsingoni, la plus ancienne mosquée en activité de France (Tsingoni Mosque, the oldest active mosque in France) |website=Archeologie Mayotte, Océan Indien}}</ref>
|-
|Al-Fatah Mosque (Green Mosque)
|
|[[Kigali]]
|[[Rwanda]] 
|1913
|
|Founded by coastal [[Swahili language|Swahili]]-speaking [[Tanzanian Muslim]]s who came to Rwanda to work in the German administration, of what was then [[German East Africa]].<ref name="google.com2">{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=g0FC40EQujwC&q=first+mosque+uganda&pg=PA39 |title=Culture and Customs of Rwanda |access-date=15 March 2015|isbn=9780313331770 |last1=Adekunle |first1=Julius |year=2007 |publisher=Bloomsbury }}</ref>
|}

=== Southern Africa ===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+ [[Southern Africa]]
! style="width:15%"|Building
! class="unsortable"; style="width:15%"|Image
! style="width:10%"|Location
! style="width:15%"|Country
! style="width:10%"|First built
! style="width:10%"|Tradition
! class="unsortable"; style="width:25%"|Notes
|-
|[[Auwal Mosque]]
|[[File:Auwal_Mosque_in_Bo-Kaap.jpg|center|120px]]
|[[Cape Colony]]
|[[South Africa]]
|1798
|
|Recognised as the first mosque established in the country, at the time Cape Colony.<ref name="Tayob1999">{{cite book |first=Abdulkader |last=Tayob |title=Islam in South Africa: Mosques, Imams, and Sermons |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MHB8G1c4PLUC&pg=PA24 |date= 1999 |publisher=University Press of Florida |isbn=978-0-8130-2485-1 |pages=24–}}</ref>
|-
|[[Palm Tree Mosque]]
|[[File:Palm Tree Mosque.JPG|center|120x120px]]
|Cape Colony
|South Africa
|1807
|
|Building constructed in {{Start date and age|1788|paren=yes}}.
|-
|Masjid al-Qudama
|
|[[Uitenhage]], [[Eastern Cape]]
|South Africa
|1849
|
|It has been deduced that the mosque was a completed in March 1849<ref name="Schalk2007">{{cite journal |first=Schalk |last=le Roux |date=June 2007 |title=The First Mosque: Caledon Street, Uitenhage |url=http://www.repository.up.ac.za/bitstream/handle/2263/5330/LeRoux_First(2007).pdf |journal=Suid-Afrikaanse Tydskrif vir Kultuurgeskiedenis (South African Journal of Cultural History) |volume=21 |issue=1 |page=34| hdl=2263/5330 }}</ref>
|-
|[[Juma Mosque (Durban)|Grey Street Mosque]] (Juma Mosque) 
|[[File:Grey_Street_Masjid_(Grey_%26Queen_Street)-20140223.jpg|center|120px]]
|[[Durban]]
|South Africa 
|1881
|
|<ref name="SA Venues 1999–2018, JMD">{{citation |work=Sa-venues.com |title=Visit the Juma Masjid Mosque<!-- 'Masjid' is the Arabic word from which 'Mosque' was derived --> |url=https://www.sa-venues.com/things-to-do/kwazulunatal/visit-the-juma-masjid-mosque/ |year=1999–2018 |access-date=2018-05-15}}</ref>
|-
|Soofie Masjid
|
|Butha Buthe
|[[Lesotho]]
|1900
|
|Founded by Soofie Saheb at the turn of the century; the community is described as African Muslim yet speaking an Indian language.<ref name="WesterlundSvanberg1999" />{{rp|115}}
|-
|Habibia Soofie Saheb Jamia Masjid
|[[File:The_Habibia_Soofie_Saheb_Jamia_Masjid_of_Cape_Town,_South_Africa.jpg|center|120px]]
|Rylands, [[Cape Town]]
|South Africa
|1905
|
|
|-
|Lobatse Masjid
|
|[[Lobatse]]
|[[Botswana]]
|{{sort|1969|1960s}}
|
|Founded by [[Indian Muslim]]s who were brought over during the [[British Empire|British colonial]] period.<ref name="ABC Clio 2000">{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ah9BAQAAIAAJ |title=Historical Abstracts: Modern history abstracts, 1450–1914 |last=Boehm |first=Eric H. |date=2000-01-01 |publisher=American Bibliographical Center, CLIO |page=71 |language=en}}</ref>
|-
|[[Ezulwini Mosque]]
|
|Ezulwini, near Mbabane
|[[Eswatini]]
|1982
|
|<ref>{{cite news|last=Sasongko|first=Agus|date=31 January 2019|title=Muslim Swaziland Mendamba Masjid|trans-title=Swaziland Muslims Longing for Mosque|url=https://republika.co.id/berita/dunia-islam/dunia/19/01/31/pm6fmc313-muslim-swaziland-mendamba-masjid|newspaper=Republika|language=id|access-date=21 March 2021}}</ref>
|}

=== West Africa ===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+ [[West Africa]]
! style="width:15%"|Building
! class="unsortable"; style="width:15%"|Image
! style="width:10%"|Location
! style="width:15%"|Country
! style="width:10%"|First built
! style="width:10%"|Tradition
! class="unsortable"; style="width:25%"|Notes
|-
|[[Larabanga Mosque]]
|[[File:Larabanga_Mosque_Ghana.jpg|center|120px]]
|[[Larabanga]]
|[[Ghana]]
|1421
|
|The oldest existing mud-brick mosque in Ghana.
|-
|[[Great Mosque of Kano]]
|
|[[Kano (city)|Kano]]
|[[Nigeria]]
|{{sort|1499|15th century}}
|
|Built in for [[Emir]] [[Muhammad Rumfa]]
|-
|[[Agadez Mosque]]
|[[File:1997_277-9A_Agadez_mosque_cropped.jpg|center|120px]]
|[[Agadez]]
|[[Niger]]
|{{sort|1515|1515}}
|
|Niger's oldest mosque. 
|-
|Grand Mosque, Sokodé
|[[File:Mosquée_au_grand_marché.JPG|center|120px]]
|[[Sokodé]]
|[[Togo]]
|{{sort|1820|1820}}
|
|<ref name="ABC CLIO 2002">{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0YYYAAAAIAAJ |title=Religions of the world: a comprehensive encyclopedia of beliefs and practices. S – Z |last1=Melton |first1=John Gordon |last2=Baumann |first2=Martin |date=2002-01-01 |publisher=ABC-CLIO |isbn=9781576072233 |page=1285 |language=en}}</ref>
|}

== Americas ==

=== North America ===
{{see also|List of mosques in Canada|List of mosques in the United States}}
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+ [[North America]] (including [[Central America]] and island-states of the [[Caribbean Sea]])
! style="width:15%"|Building
! class="unsortable"; style="width:15%"|Image
! style="width:10%"|Location
! style="width:15%"|Country
! style="width:10%"|First built
! style="width:10%"|Tradition
! class="unsortable"; style="width:25%"|Notes
|-
|[[Al-Sadiq Mosque]]
|[[File:Al-Sadiq mosque.jpg|120px]]
|[[Chicago]], [[Illinois]]
|[[United States]]
|1922
|[[Ahmadiyya]]
|Oldest extant mosque in the [[Americas]].
|-
|[[Mother Mosque of America]]<br/>(Moslem Temple)
|[[File:MotherMosque.jpg|center|120px]]
|[[Cedar Rapids, Iowa|Cedar Rapids]], Iowa
|United States
|1934
|
|Oldest extant purpose-built mosque in the United States<!-- Built in Iowa in 1934,{{citation needed|date=April 2018}} became the oldest standing mosque in America when the Ross Mosque was torn down in the 1970s. The Ross Mosque was later rebuilt in 2005. (Needs verification)-->
|-
|[[Al-Rashid Mosque]]
|[[File:Al-Raschid Mosque on 1920 Street, Fort Edmonton Park, Alberta, Canada.jpg|center|120px]]
|[[Edmonton]], [[Alberta]]
|[[Canada]]
|1938
|
|First purpose-built mosque in Canada.
|-
|
|
|[[Westmoreland, Jamaica|Westmoreland]] and [[Spanish Town, Jamaica|Spanish Town]]
|[[Jamaica]]
|{{sort|1959|1950s}} 
|
|Constructed by the Islamic Society of Jamaica, which was founded in 1950.<ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uAa8AAAAIAAJ&q=mosques |title=Social and Economic Studies |access-date=15 March 2015|year=1999 }}</ref>
|-
|[[City Mosque|Bridgetown Mosque]]
|
|[[Bridgetown, Barbados|Bridgetown]]
|[[Barbados]]
|1957
|
|First purpose-built mosque in Barbados.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2017-12-03|title=City Mosque celebrating 60 years|url=https://www.barbadosadvocate.com/news/city-mosque-celebrating-60-years|access-date=2020-07-31|website=Barbados Advocate|language=en}}</ref>
|-
|[[Omar bin Al-Khattab Mosque]]
|[[File:Moscuraçao.jpg|center|120px]]
|[[Willemstad]], [[Curaçao]]
|[[Netherlands]]
|1965
|
|<ref>{{Cite web|date=2018-06-16|title=Invitation to celebrate the end of the Ramadan|url=https://curacaochronicle.com/local/invitation-to-celebrate-the-end-of-the-ramadan/|access-date=2020-07-31|website=Curaçao Chronicle|language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|
|
|
|[[Haiti]]
|1985
|
|Converted private residence.<ref name="NYCReligion">{{cite web |url=http://www.nycreligion.info/?p=2044 |title=Faith facts about Haitian New Yorkers |work=A Journey through NYC religions |access-date=15 March 2015 |archive-date=22 August 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130822104405/http://www.nycreligion.info/?p=2044 |url-status=dead }}</ref> 
|-
|[[Suraya Mosque]]
|[[File:Mezquita_soraya.JPG|center|120px]]
|[[Torreón]]
|[[Mexico]]
|1989
|[[Shi'ite]]
|Built by the immigrants from the [[Middle East]] living in Torreón.
|-
|[[Omar Mosque]]
| 
|[[San José, Costa Rica|San José]]
|[[Costa Rica]]
|1995
|[[Sunni]]
|Founded by the Islamic Cultural Association of Costa Rica.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Pv-HzTRQPQsC&q=first+mosque+costa+rica&pg=PA64|title=A Century of Palestinian Immigration Into Central America|access-date=15 March 2015|isbn=9789977675879|last1=Guzmán|first1=Roberto Marín|year=2000|publisher=Editorial Universidad de Costa Rica }}</ref>
|-
|
|
|[[Belize City]]
|[[Belize]]
|{{sort|2008|{{circa|2008}}}}
|
|Founded by Belizeans who converted to Islam while in the United States.<ref name="Channel5Belize">[http://edition.channel5belize.com/archives/4834 Muslim community officially opens Belize City Mosque]</ref><ref name="google.com5">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Z2fiIhBMsHAC&q=%22first+mosque%22+belize&pg=PA121|title=Belize and Its People|access-date=15 March 2015|isbn=9789987932214|last1=Mwakikagile|first1=Godfrey|date=June 2010|publisher=Continental Press }}</ref>
|-
|[[Boukman Buhara Mosque]]
|
|[[Cap-Haïtien]]
|Haiti
|2016
|
|First purpose-built mosque in Haiti; includes a minaret. Constructed following the [[2010 Haiti earthquake]].<ref name=DSHaiti>{{Cite web |date=2016-06-28 |title=Haiti's first mosque with minaret opens |url=https://www.dailysabah.com/religion/2016/06/28/haitis-first-mosque-with-minaret-opens |access-date=2020-08-01 |website=Daily Sabah |language=en}}</ref>
|}

=== South America ===
{{See also|List of mosques in the Americas|List of mosques in Mexico|List of mosques in Brazil}}{{Incomplete|section|names and other details of mosques in certain rows|date=March 2025}}
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+ [[South America]]
! style="width:15%"|Building
! class="unsortable"; style="width:15%"|Image
! style="width:10%"|Location
! style="width:15%"|Country
! style="width:10%"|First built
! style="width:10%"|Tradition
! class="unsortable"; style="width:25%"|Notes
|-
|
|
|
|[[Suriname]]
|1906
|
|Built by immigrant [[Javanese people|Javanese]] rice farmers, in the Netherlands colony of the time.<ref name="CompanyAramco1987">{{cite book |author3=Aramco Services |title=Aramco world |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NvASAQAAMAAJ |publisher=Aramco: Saudi Arabian American Oil Company |page=67 |year=1987 |access-date=5 July 2012 |quote=''Then, in 1902, Indonesian Muslims from Java arrived to cultivate Suriname's coastal rice fields, and four years later, the country's first mosque was built at Wanica.'' }}</ref>
|-
|[[Mesquita Brasil]] 
|[[File:Mesquita.JPG|120px]]
|[[São Paulo]]
|[[Brazil]]
|1929
|
|Previous site built in 1929;<ref name="MeltonBaumann2010">{{cite book |author1=Melton, J. Gordon |author2=Baumann, Martin |title=Religions of the World, Second Edition: A Comprehensive Encyclopedia of Beliefs and Practices |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=v2yiyLLOj88C&pg=PA395 |access-date=5 July 2012 |date=21 September 2010 |publisher=ABC-CLIO |isbn=978-1-59884-204-3 |pages=395–}}</ref> current building inaugurated in 1952. First known mosque in Brazil.<ref name="MesquitaBrasil">[http://www.mesquitabrasil.com.br/sobre_sbm.php Mesquita Brasil: Nossa História] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180423232523/http://www.mesquitabrasil.com.br/sobre_sbm.php |date=2018-04-23 }} in Portuguese.</ref>
|-
|
|
|
|[[Panama]]
|1930
|[[Ahmadiyya]]
|<ref name="WesterlundSvanberg1999 b">{{cite book |author1=Westerlund, David |author2=Svanberg, Ingvar |title=Islam Outside the Arab World |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=weYQMv2RqCgC&pg=PA453 |access-date=5 July 2012 |date=13 November 1999 |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan |isbn=978-0-312-22691-6 }}</ref>{{rp|453–}}
|-
|
|
|El Paraíso, [[Caracas]]
|[[Venezuela]]
|1968
|
|<ref name="WesterlundSvanberg1999 b"/>{{rp|453–}}
|-
|[[At-Tauhid Mosque]]
|
|[[Buenos Aires]]
|[[Argentina]]
|1983
|[[Shi'ite]]
|Opened in October 1983 with the support of the Embassy of the Islamic Republic of Iran to Argentina.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.turismo.buenosaires.gob.ar/es/article/circuitos-halal |title=Circuitos Halal |publisher=City of Buenos Aires |access-date=November 15, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181226020915/https://turismo.buenosaires.gob.ar/es/article/circuitos-halal |archive-date=December 26, 2018 |url-status=dead }}</ref> It is a very simple building with a subtle Islamic style in its facade.<ref name="TurismoBA">{{cite web |url=http://www.turismo.buenosaires.gob.ar/es/article/circuitos-halal |title=Circuitos Halal |publisher=City of Buenos Aires |access-date=November 15, 2015 |date=2013-10-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181226020915/https://turismo.buenosaires.gob.ar/es/article/circuitos-halal |archive-date=December 26, 2018 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|-
|[[Mezquita as-Salam]]
|[[File:Mezquita As-Salam.JPG|120px]]
|[[Santiago, Chile|Santiago]]
|[[Chile]]
|1995
|
|Commissioned 1989, inaugurated in 1995.<ref name="Pohl2010">{{cite book|author=Pohl, Florian |title=Modern Muslim Societies|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=n4Eye4ilLVkC&pg=PA374|access-date=5 July 2012|date=1 September 2010|publisher=Marshall Cavendish|isbn=978-0-7614-7927-7|pages=374–}}</ref>
|-
|[[Mohammed VI Mosque (Coquimbo)|Mohammed VI Mosque]]
|
|[[Coquimbo]]
|Chile
|2007
|
|
|}

== Asia ==
{{See also|List of mosques in Asia|}}

=== Arabian Peninsula ===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+ [[Arabian Peninsula]] (including the island-state of [[Bahrain]])
! style="width:15%"|Building
! class="unsortable"; style="width:15%"|Image
! style="width:10%"|Location
! style="width:15%"|Country
! style="width:10%"|First built
! style="width:10%"|Tradition
! class="unsortable"; style="width:25%"|Notes
|-
|[[Al-Masjid al-Nabawi]]
|[[File:Al-Masjid_An-Nabawi_(Bird%27s_Eye_View).jpg|center|120px]]
|Medina
|[[Saudi Arabia]]
|{{sort|0622|622}}
|
|Second holiest site in Islam (after Al-Haram Mosque) and Muhammad's mosque, which houses his tomb in what was initially his and his wife [[Aisha]]'s house. Largely rebuilt and greatly enlarged in the late 20th century, whilst retaining at its heart the earlier construction of the [[Ottoman Empire|Ottomans]], and landmark [[green dome]] atop the prophet's mausoleum.
|-
|[[Masjid al-Qiblatain]]
|[[File:Masjid_al-Qiblatain.jpg|center|120px]]
|Medina
|Saudi Arabia
|{{sort|0623|623}}
|
|Mosque originally with two [[Qiblah]] walls: One facing Jerusalem, the first Qiblah and another facing Mecca 
|-
|[[Jawatha Mosque]]
|[[File:Jawatha1.jpg|center|120px]]
|[[Al-Kilabiyah]]
|Saudi Arabia
|{{sort|0639|629/639}}
|
|Has recently{{when?|date=April 2025}} been renovated{{Citation needed|date=January 2019}} and prayers are still held in this mosque.<ref name="SAW1991">{{citation |last=John |first=Lawton |url=http://www.saudiaramcoworld.com/issue/199106/the.arab.heartland.htm |title=The Arab Heartland |publisher=[[Saudi Aramco World]] |year=1991 |volume=42 |issue=6 |access-date=2019-01-20 |archive-date=2012-10-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121004043745/http://www.saudiaramcoworld.com/issue/199106/the.arab.heartland.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="JafariyaNews 08-2005">{{citation |author=Abdul-Ali |url=http://www.jafariyanews.com/2k5_news/aug/24jawatha_mosque.htm |title=Jawatha Mosque in danger of going down |publisher=Jafariya News |location=Al-Ahsa |date=August 24, 2005}}</ref><ref name="Wa-al-Matāḥif Wood 1975">{{cite book |location=Saudi Arabia |author1=wa-al-Matāḥif, Idārat al-Āthār |author2=Wood, Roger |title=An introduction to Saudi Arabian antiquities |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5d4JAQAAIAAJ&q=jawatha |access-date=18 October 2010 |year=1975 |publisher=Department of Antiquities and Museums, [[Ministry of Education (Saudi Arabia)|Ministry of Education, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia]] |page=151}}</ref>
|-
|[[Great Mosque of Sana'a]]
|[[File:Sanaa_PICT0013_(14569535198).jpg|center|120px]]
|[[Sana'a]]
|[[Yemen]]
|{{sort|0699|7th century}}
|
|Possibly the oldest mosque in the country.
|-
|Mazin Mosque
|[[File:Masjid Mazin bin Ghadouba.jpg|center|120px]]
|[[Samail]]
|[[Oman]]
|{{sort|0699|7th century}}
|
|Founded by Mazin Ben Ghadooba, who is considered to be the first Omani to adopt Islam during Muhammad's lifetime.<ref name="GoogleMasjidMazin">{{cite book|last=Darke|first=Diane|author-link=Diana Darke|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=J6QKSXYG5tYC&q=oldest+mosque+oman+sumail&pg=PA189|title=Oman: The Brad Travel Guide|publisher=[[Bradt Travel Guides]]|year=2010|access-date=15 March 2015|isbn=9781841623320}}</ref>{{Better source needed|reason=The current source is insufficiently reliable ([[WP:NOTRS]]).|date=February 2024}}
|-
|[[Al-Shawadhna Mosque]]
|[[File:Nizwa,_moschea_Al-Shawathna,_aula_di_preghiera,_esterno_01.jpg|120px]]
|[[Nizwa]]
|[[Oman]]
|{{sort|628|628–629 (possibly)}}
|
|Original foundation attributed by some to {{AH|7}}. A construction or renovation dated to 1529 CE is recorded by an inscription above the mihrab.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |script-title=ar:مسجد الشواذنة – سلطنة عمان |url=https://auho.alecso.org/2019/12/04/1280/ |date=2019-12-04 |access-date=2024-02-04 |script-website=ar:مرصد التراث المعماري والعمراني في البلدان العربية |trans-website=Observatory of Architectural and Urban Heritage in Arab Countries |language=ar}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Costa |first=Paolo |url=http://archive.org/details/historicmosquess0000cost |title=Historic mosques and shrines of Oman |publisher=Archaeopress |year=2001 |isbn=978-1-84171-230-7 |location=Oxford, England |pages=53 |language=en}}</ref>
|-
|[[Al-Hadi Mosque]]
|[[File:Mosque_in_Sa%27dah.jpg|center|120px]]
|[[Sa'dah]]
|Yemen
|{{sort|0897|897}}
|
|
|-
|[[Khamis Mosque]]
|[[File:Khamis_Mosque_Minaret.jpg|center|120px]]
|[[Khamis, Bahrain|Khamis]], [[Manama]]
|[[Bahrain]]
|{{sort|1200|1000–1200 (approximate)}}
|
|Though most of the structure is dated to the 11th or 12th century,<ref name="ReferenceC">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hcebK67IRhkC&q=%22suq+al-Khamis+mosque%22+founded&pg=PA31|title=Dictionary of Islamic Architecture|access-date=15 March 2015|isbn=9780203203873|last1=Petersen|first1=Andrew|date=2002-03-11|publisher=Taylor & Francis }}</ref> it is popularly believed to have been founded by the [[Caliph Omar]] in the 600s.<ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zkssAQAAIAAJ |title=Middle East on a Shoestring |date=1997-01-01 |publisher=Lonely Planet Publications |isbn=9780864424075 |page=131 |language=en}}</ref>
|-
|[[Sheikh Khalifa Bin Zayed Al Nahyan Mosque#History|Mosque in Al-Ain]]
|
|[[Al Ain]]
|[[United Arab Emirates]]
|{{sort|1009|1000s ([[Islamic Golden Age]])}}
|
|Possible the oldest mosque in the country.<ref name="Emirates24/7 10-2018">{{cite news |work=[[The National (Abu Dhabi)|The National]] |title=Remains of 1,000-year-old mosque reveal a rich past |publisher=[[Emirates 24/7]] |url=https://www.emirates247.com/news/emirates/remains-of-1-000-year-old-mosque-reveal-a-rich-past-2018-09-10-1.673063 |date=2018-09-10 |access-date=2018-10-10}}</ref><ref name="TheNational 10-2018">{{cite news |last=Power |first=Timothy |title=How a 1,000-year-old mosque in Al Ain anchors the UAE in human history |newspaper=[[The National (Abu Dhabi)|The National]] |url=https://www.thenational.ae/opinion/comment/how-a-1-000-year-old-mosque-in-al-ain-anchors-the-uae-in-human-history-1.770075 |date=2018-09-13 |access-date=2018-10-10}}</ref>
|-
|[[Al Badiyah Mosque]]
|[[File:2011-0209-Al_Badiyah_Mosque.jpg|center|80px]]
|[[Fujairah]]
|United Arab Emirates
|{{sort|1409|1400s}}
|
|Some much earlier estimates have been proposed.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.thenational.ae/news/uae-news/oldest-uae-mosque-holds-onto-its-secrets |title=Oldest UAE mosque holds onto its secrets |author=Harnan, Eugene |date=21 August 2011 }}</ref>
|}

=== Central Asia ===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+ [[Central Asia]]
! style="width:15%"|Building
! class="unsortable"; style="width:15%"|Image
! style="width:10%"|Location
! style="width:15%"|Country
! style="width:10%"|First built
! style="width:10%"|Tradition
! class="unsortable"; style="width:25%"|Notes
|-
|[[Po-i-Kalyan]]
|[[File:Bukhara01.jpg|center|120px]]
|[[Bukhara]]
|[[Uzbekistan]]
|{{sort|0713|713}}
|
|Since 713 here, several edifices of main cathedral mosque were built then razed, restored after fires and wars, and moved from place to place.
|}

=== China and Taiwan ===
{{see also|List of mosques in China|List of mosques in Taiwan}}
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+ [[Greater China]]
! style="width:15%"|Building
! class="unsortable"; style="width:15%"|Image
! style="width:10%"|Location
! style="width:15%"|Country
! style="width:10%"|First built
! style="width:10%"|Tradition
! class="unsortable"; style="width:25%"|Notes
|-
|[[Huaisheng Mosque]]
|[[File:Huaisheng Mosque Dec 2007.jpg|center|120px]]
|[[Guangzhou]]
|[[China]]
|{{sort|0627|627}}
|
|Originally built by Sa'd ibn Abi Waqqas, who was an uncle of the [[Islamic prophet]] Muhammad, and was named in memory of Muhammad. Rebuilt many times since.
|-
|[[Xianxian Mosque]]
|[[File:The_Mosque_in_Guangzhou_19.JPG|center|120px]]
|[[Guangzhou City]]
|China
|{{sort|0629|629}}
|
|The mosque was originally built in 629 during the [[Tang dynasty]].
|-
|[[Great Mosque of Xi'an]]
|[[File:Chinese-style minaret of the Great Mosque.jpg|center|120px]]
|[[Xi'an]], [[Shaanxi]]
|China
|{{sort|0742|742}}
|
|Although the oldest stones date from the 18th century,<ref>{{cite book |url= |title=Fodor's China |editor=Kelly, Margaret |page=[https://books.google.com/books?id=MMfhiLqbuxEC&dq=mosque+xian+742&pg=PA618 618] |year= |access-date= }}</ref> the mosque was founded in 742.<ref>{{cite book |url= |title=China |author=Jiang, Shelley |page=[https://books.google.com/books?id=gjGxeyWC1S4C&dq=mosque+xian+742&pg=PA274 274] |year= |access-date= }}</ref><ref name=Pletcher>{{cite book |title=Geography of China: Sacred and Historic Places |publisher=Britannica Educational Publishing |page=[https://books.google.com/books?id=Z-P_u2AIzbEC&dq=mosque+xian+742&pg=PA181 181–182] |author=Pletcher, Kenneth |year=2010 |access-date= |isbn=9781615301829}}</ref>
|-
|[[Jamia Mosque (Hong Kong)|Jamia Mosque]]
|[[File:HK Central 些利街 Shelley Street 回教清真禮拜總堂 Jamia Mosque green facade Mar-2016 DSC 001.JPG|120px]]
|[[Hong Kong]]
|China
|1890
|
|Then [[British Hong Kong]]
|-
|[[Taipei Grand Mosque]]
|[[File:Taipei Grand Mosque 20060112.jpg|120px]]
|[[Taipei]]
|[[Taiwan]]
|1947
|
|Oldest and most famous mosque in Taiwan. Original building was firstly used in 1947, then relocated to a new site where it was reconstructed in 1960.
|-
|[[Kaohsiung Mosque]]
|[[File:Kaohsiung Mosque.JPG|120px]]
|Taipei
|Taiwan
|1949
|
|The second oldest mosque in Taiwan. The original building was built in 1949, then moved to a new location where the second building was built in 1951, and the third and final building built in 1992.
|-
|[[Macau Mosque and Cemetery|Macau Mosque]]
|[[File:Macau Mosque.JPG|120px]]
|[[Macau]]
|China
|1980
|
|The first and only mosque in Macau, then [[Portuguese Macau]].
|}

=== East Asia ===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+ [[East Asia]] (excluding Greater China)
! style="width:15%"|Building
! class="unsortable"; style="width:15%"|Image
! style="width:10%"|Location
! style="width:15%"|Country
! style="width:10%"|First built
! style="width:10%"|Tradition
! class="unsortable"; style="width:25%"|Notes
|-
|[[Kobe Mosque]]
|[[File:Kobe-mosque3.jpg|center|120px]]
|[[Kobe]]
|[[Japan]]
|1935
|
|Designed in the Turkish style by a Czech architect, confiscated by the Imperial Japanese Navy in 1943, and later returned.<ref name="Farah2003">{{cite book |last=Farah |first=Caesar E. |title=Islam: Beliefs and Observances |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sAlDjVO7SowC&pg=PA291 |date=1 February 2003 |access-date=5 July 2012 |publisher=[[Barron's Educational Series]] |isbn=978-0-7641-2226-2 |pages=291–}}</ref>
|-
|[[Seoul Central Mosque]]
|[[File:Korea-Seoul-Itaewon-Seoul Central Mosque-01.jpg|center|120px]]
|[[Seoul]]
|[[South Korea]]
|1976
|
|<ref name="Kim2008">{{cite book |author=Kim, Heon Choul |title=The Nature and Role of Sufism in Contemporary Islam: A Case Study of the Life, Thought and Teachings of Fethullah Gulen |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wP1Nz5Y8-voC&pg=PA1 |year=2008 |access-date=5 July 2012 |isbn=978-0-549-70579-6 |pages=1–}}</ref>
|}

=== Levant ===
{{see also|List of mosques in Cyprus}}
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+ [[Levant]] (for [[Cyprus]] and the [[Syria (region)|region of Syria]])
! style="width:15%"|Building
! class="unsortable"; style="width:15%"|Image
! style="width:10%"|Location
! style="width:15%"|Country
! style="width:10%"|First built
! style="width:10%"|Tradition
! class="unsortable"; style="width:25%"|Notes
|-
|[[Al-Omari Grand Mosque]]
|
|[[Beirut]]
|[[Lebanon]]
|635
|Sunni
|The mihrab is the oldest part of the mosque, dating back to the Caliphate of Umar. 
|-
|[[Al-Qibli Chapel|Al-Qibli Mosque]] (al-Jami' al-Aqsa)
|[[File:Israel-2007-Jerusalem-Temple_Mount-Al-Aqsa_Mosque_01.jpg|center|120px]]
|[[Jerusalem]] (old city)
|[[Palestine]]
|{{sort|0637|637}}
|
|A Muslim [[Musalla|prayer hall]] with a silver-colored lead dome located in the southern part of [[Al-Aqsa]] (Temple Mount), built by the [[Rashidun]] [[caliph]] [[Umar ibn Al-Khattab]].
|-
|[[Al-Shuaibiyah Mosque]]
|
|[[Aleppo]]
|[[Syria]]
|{{sort|0637|637}}
|
|
|-
|[[Ibrahimi Mosque]]
|[[File:Hebron_Cave_of_the_Patriarchs.jpg|center|120px]]
|[[Hebron]]
|Palestine
|{{sort|0637|637}}
|
|<ref name="Sylvia1983">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ws4uAQAAIAAJ|title=This is Israel: pictorial guide & souvenir|first=Sylvia|last=Mann|date=January 1, 1983|publisher=Palphot Ltd.|isbn=9789652800008|via=Google Books}}</ref>
|- 
|[[Great Mosque of Aleppo]]
|[[File:Great_Aleppo_mosque_176.jpg|center|120px]]
|Aleppo
|Syria
|{{sort|0715|715}}
|
|
|-
|[[Umayyad Mosque]]
|[[File:Umayyad Mosque.jpg|center|120px]]
|[[Damascus]]
|Syria
|{{sort|0715|715}}
|Sunni
|Fourth holiest site and the national mosque of Syria. It was originally built after the Muslim conquest of the city in 634. The current structure dates to 715.
|-
|[[White Mosque, Ramla|White Mosque]]
|[[File:%D7%A8%D7%9E%D7%9C%D7%94_%D7%94%D7%9E%D7%A1%D7%92%D7%93_%D7%94%D7%9C%D7%91%D7%9F.JPG|center|120px]]
|[[Ramla]]
|[[Israel]]
|720
|
|
|-
|[[Al-Omari Mosque (Bosra)|Al-Omari Mosque]]
|[[File:Mosque_of_umar,_bosra,_syria,_easter_2004.jpg|center|120px]]
|[[Bosra]]
|Syria
|{{sort|0721|721}}
|
|
|-
|[[Great Mosque of Raqqa]]
|
|[[Raqqa]]
|Syria
|{{sort|0772|772}}
|
|
|-
|[[Arab Ahmet Mosque]]
|[[File:Nikozja_polnoc5.jpg|center|120px]]
|[[Arab Ahmet, Nicosia|Arab Ahmet quarter of Nicosia]]
|[[Cyprus]]
|{{sort|1599|Late 16th century}}
|
|The mosque is named after a commander of the 1571 Ottoman army who made an expedition in 1571.<ref name="whatson-northcyprus1">[http://www.whatson-northcyprus.com/interest/nicosia/north_nicosia/arabahmet_mosque.htm The Arabahmet Mosque, Nicosia, North Cyprus]</ref><ref name="Cyprus44">[http://www.cyprus44.com/nicosia/arabahmet-mosque.asp Arabahmet (Arap Ahmet) Mosque in North Nicosia – Cyprus44, the north cyprus guide]</ref>
|}
=== South Asia ===
{{see also|List of mosques in India|List of mosques in Bangladesh|List of mosques in Pakistan}}
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+ [[South Asia]]
! style="width:15%"|Building
! class="unsortable"; style="width:15%"|Image
! style="width:10%"|Location
! style="width:15%"|Country
! style="width:10%"|First built
! style="width:10%"|Tradition
! class="unsortable"; style="width:25%"|Notes
|-
|Barwada mosque <br />
|
|[[Ghogha]], [[Gujarat]]
|[[India]]
|{{sort|0623|Before 623}}
|
|Built by Arab traders, the [[qibla]] is faced to Bait al Mukaddas (Jerusalem). The mosque was abandoned by devotees after the qibla was changed in 623 CE to Makkah and another mosque constructed at the same time.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/ahmedabad/Oldest-Indian-mosque-Trail-leads-to-Gujarat/articleshow/55270285.cms|title=Oldest Indian mosque: Trail leads to Gujarat|date=November 5, 2016|work=The Times of India|access-date=July 28, 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/ahmedabad/indias-oldest-mosque-and-growing-irrelevance-of-muslim-vote-in-gujarat/articleshow/61985802.cms|title=India's oldest mosque and growing irrelevance of Muslim vote in Gujarat|website=The Times of India|date=8 December 2017}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.gujaratexpert.com/blog/muslim-religious-places-in-gujarat/|title=Top 11 Famous Muslim Religious Places in Gujarat|last=Sharma|first=Indu|date=2018-03-22|website=Gujarat Travel Blog|access-date=2019-07-28}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |author=Desai, Prof. Mehboob |title=Rahe Roshan: Masjit during the time of Prophet Nabi Muhammed Sale Allahu Alayhi Wasalam |work=Divy Bhasakar, Gujarati News Paper |date=<!-- 24 May YYYY --> |page=4 }}</ref><ref>{{cite book |author=Kumar |title=Gujarati Magazine |location=Ahmadabad |date=July 2012 |page=444 }}</ref>
|-
|[[Cheraman Juma Masjid]]
|[[File:Cheraman Masjid 2.jpg|center|120px]]
|[[Kodungallur]]
|India
|{{sort|0629|629}}
|
|As per legend, it was built by [[Malik Deenar|Malik bin Dinar]], companion of [[Muhammad]], on orders of [[Cheraman Perumal]],<ref>{{cite news |title=1400-year-old mosque to be restored to its original form |url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/kerala/1400yearold-mosque-to-be-restored-to-its-original-form/article2142818.ece |newspaper=[[The Hindu]] |access-date=September 7, 2015}}</ref> then King of modern-day [[Kerala]], it is one of the oldest mosques in India.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.iosworld.org/interview_cheramul.htm|title=Interview|website=iosworld.org|access-date=2018-11-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181004005641/http://www.iosworld.org/interview_cheramul.htm|archive-date=2018-10-04|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
|[[Palaiya Jumma Palli]]
|[[File:Palaiya Jumma Palli.jpg|center|120px]]
|[[Kilakarai]]
|India
|{{sort|0630|630}}
|Sunni
|Considered to be the first mosque to be built in [[Tamil Nadu]], and the second mosque in India. Constructed by Yemeni merchants and trade settlers in the [[Pandiya]] Kingdom and ordered by Bazan ibn Sasan, Governor of Yemen at the time of Muhammad.<ref name="GibbBeckingham1994">Gibb & Beckingham 1994, pp.&nbsp;814–815 Vol. 4.</ref>
|-
|[[Masjid Al Abrar, Beruwala|Masjid Al-Abrar]]
|
|[[Beruwala]], [[Kalutara District]], [[Western Province, Sri Lanka|Western Province]]
|[[Sri Lanka]]
|{{sort|0718|1st century [[Islamic calendar|AH]]}}
|
|The date has been carved in its stone pillars. It is situated in western province of Sri Lanka.
|-
|[[Haji Piyada]]
|[[File:No gunbad Balkh Mazar-e Sharif Afghanistan.. samarqandian.jpg|center|120px]]
|[[Balkh]]
|[[Afghanistan]]
|{{sort|899|794 or 9th century}}
|
|The oldest identifiable Islamic building in Afghanistan.<ref name=":02">{{Cite book |last=Petersen |first=Andrew |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=eIaEAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA3 |title=Dictionary of Islamic Architecture |publisher=Routledge |year=2002 |isbn=978-1-134-61366-3 |pages=3 |language=en}}</ref> Construction dated to either the 9th century<ref name=":24">{{Cite book |last= |first= |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=un4WcfEASZwC&pg=PA258 |title=The Grove Encyclopedia of Islamic Art and Architecture |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=2009 |isbn=9780195309911 |editor-last=Bloom |editor-first=Jonathan M. |volume=1 |location= |pages=258 |language=en |chapter=Balkh |editor-last2=Blair |editor-first2=Sheila S.}}</ref> or to 794.<ref name=":12">{{Cite journal |last=Adle |first=Chahryar |date=2011 |title=La mosquée Hâji-Piyâdah / Noh-Gonbadân à Balkh (Afghanistan). Un chef d'oeuvre de Fazl le Barmacide construit en 178-179/794-795 ? |url=https://www.persee.fr/doc/crai_0065-0536_2011_num_155_1_93171 |journal=Comptes rendus des séances de l'Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres |volume=155 |issue=1 |pages=565–625 |doi=10.3406/crai.2011.93171}}</ref>
|-
|Jamia Masjid, Banbhore
|[[File:Grand_Mosque_(Jamma_Masjid_Banbhore)_-_panoramio.jpg|center|120px]]
|[[Banbhore]], [[Sindh]]
|[[Pakistan]]
|{{sort|0727|727}}
|
|This is the oldest mosque of Pakistan.<ref>{{cite web |title=Mosque of Bhambore |url=http://www.discover-pakistan.com/bhambore.html |website=discover-pakistan.com |access-date=17 September 2018 |archive-date=20 October 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181020141451/http://www.discover-pakistan.com/bhambore.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Also believed to be the first mosque in South Asia.<ref>{{cite news |title=First Mosque of South Asia |url=https://www.pakistantoday.com.pk/2010/12/30/first-mosque-in-south-asia-lies-in-ruins/ |access-date=17 September 2018 |work=[[Pakistan Today]]}}</ref> Built after the conquest of Sindh.
|-
|[[Great Mosque, Budaun|Great Mosque]]
|[[File:Jama Masjid Shamsi, Badaun.jpg|120px]]
|[[Budaun]], [[Uttar Pradesh]]
|India
|1223
|
|Built by [[Iltutmish]], the [[List of rulers of the Delhi Sultanate|3rd Sultan of Delhi]] and the [[Mamluk dynasty (Delhi)|Mamluk dynasty]]
|-
|[[Kazimar Big Mosque]]
|[[File:kazimarbigmosque.JPG|center|120px]]
|[[Madurai]]
|India
|1284
|Sunni, Hanafi, [[Shadhili]]
|First mosque in [[Madurai]].
|-
|[[Chaqchan Mosque]]
|[[File:Side view of Chaqchan Mosque.jpg|center|120px]]
|[[Khaplu]], [[Gilgit Baltistan]]
|Pakistan
|1370
|
|This is the oldest mosque of [[Gilgit Baltistan]] located in [[Khaplu]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Chaqchan Mosque, Khaplu, Gilgit Baltistan |url=http://archinsights.tumblr.com/post/161433242317/chaqchan-masjid-khaplu-masjid-chaqchan-means-the |website=achinsights.tumblr.com |access-date=17 September 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Chaqchan Mosque – Pakistan |url=http://blogs.dunyanews.tv/11753/two-oldest-mosques-subcontinent-skardu |access-date=17 September 2018 |work=[[Dunya News]]}}</ref>
|-
|[[Sixty Dome Mosque]]
|[[File:Sixty_domed_mosque.jpg|center|120px]]
|[[Bagerhat Sadar Upazila|Bagerhat]]
|[[Bangladesh]]
|1450
|
|Built by Khan Jahan Ali, it is considered to be the second-oldest mosque in Bangladesh. The fortified structure contains eighty-one domes, sixty stone pillars and eleven [[mihrab]]s.
|-
|[[Neevin Mosque]]
|[[File:Neevin_Masjid_4_(WCLA).jpg|center|120px]]
|[[Lahore]]
|Pakistan
|1460
|
|
|}

=== Southeast Asia ===
{{see also|List of mosques in Indonesia|List of mosques in Malaysia|List of mosques in the Philippines|List of mosques in Singapore|List of mosques in Thailand}}
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+ [[Southeast Asia]]
! style="width:15%"|Building
! class="unsortable"; style="width:15%"|Image
! style="width:10%"|Location
! style="width:15%"|Country
! style="width:10%"|First built
! style="width:10%"|Tradition
! class="unsortable"; style="width:25%"|Notes
|-
|[[Sheik Karimal Makdum Mosque]]
|[[File:Sheikh Karimul Makhdum Mosque BIO file photo.jpg|center|120px]]
|Tubig Indangan, [[Simunul]] island, [[Bangsamoro]]
|[[Philippines]]
|1380
|
|Founded by [[Makhdum Karim]], who introduced Islam to the Philippines.<ref name="KoligAngeles2010">{{cite book |author1=Erich Kolig |author2=Vivienne S. m. Angeles |author3=Sam Wong |title=Identity in Crossroad Civilisations: Ethnicity, Nationalism and Globalism in Asia |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=N_Jkjk2Tec4C&pg=PA201 |date=1 March 2010 |access-date=5 July 2012 |publisher=[[Amsterdam University Press]] |isbn=978-90-8964-127-4 |pages=201–}}</ref> This is the oldest mosque in Southesast Asia.
|-
|[[Wapauwe Old Mosque]]
|[[File:Masjid Tua Wapauwe.jpg|center|120x120px]]
|Kaitetu, [[Central Maluku Regency]], [[Maluku (province)|Maluku]]
|[[Indonesia]]
|1414
|
|The oldest surviving mosque in Indonesia.
|-
|[[Ampel Mosque]]
|[[File:Ampel Mosque in 2008.jpg|center|120x120px]]
|[[Ampel]], [[Surabaya]], [[East Java]]
|Indonesia
|1421
|
|The oldest surviving mosque in [[Java]], and second oldest in Indonesia.<ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=I52jB28QKokC&q=ampel+mosque&pg=PA167 |title=Let's Go Southeast Asia |author= |edition=9th illustrated |publisher=Macmillan |year=2004 |isbn=978-03123-35670 |page=167 }}</ref>
|-
|Masjid Sultan Sharif Ali
|
|Brunei
|[[Brunei]]
|{{sort|1430|1430 (approximate)}}
|
|Built under the direction of [[Sharif Ali]] ("Sultan Berkat"), who reigned 1425–1432.<ref>{{cite book |url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9781741048872 |url-access=registration |page=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_9781741048872/page/580 580] |quote=first mosque singapore. |title=Malaysia, Singapore & Brunei |publisher=Lonely Planet |access-date=15 March 2015|isbn=9781741048872 |last1=Richmond |first1=Simon |year=2010 }}</ref>
|-
|[[Kampung Laut Mosque]]
|[[File:Masjid_Kampung_Laut,_Nilampuri,_Kelantan,_Malaysia.jpg|center|120px]]
|[[Tumpat District|Tumpat]], [[Kota Bharu, Kelantan|Kota Bharu]], [[Kelantan]]
|[[Malaysia]]
|{{sort|1499|15th century}}
|
|The oldest surviving mosque in Malaysia
|-
|[[Demak Great Mosque|Great Mosque of Demak]]
|[[File:Masjid_demak.jpg|center|120px]]
|[[Demak, Indonesia|Demak]], [[Central Java]]
|Indonesia
|15th century
|
|Oldest mosque in Central Java and second oldest in Java.<ref name="FloridaDUP1995">{{cite book |last=Florida |first=Nancy K. |title=Babad Jaka Tingkir: Writing the past, inscribing the future: history as prophesy in colonial Java |location=[[Durham, North Carolina|Durham, N. C.]] |publisher=[[Duke University Press]] |year=1995 |chapter=5: The Demak Mosque: A Construction of Authority |isbn=978-0-8223-1622-0}}</ref>
|-
|[[Talo Mano Mosque]]
|[[File:มัสยิดตะโละมาเนาะ (มัสยิด 300 ปี).jpg|center|120px]]
|[[Narathiwat]]
|[[Thailand]]
|{{sort|1699|17th century}}
|
|It is at least one of the oldest known mosques in Thailand.<ref name="culture.go.th">{{cite web |title=300 Years Mosque |url=http://www.culture.go.th/culturemap/index.php?action=listdistrict&pid=94&did=94120&pnum=1 |access-date=2018-05-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141129024551/http://www.culture.go.th/culturemap/index.php?action=listdistrict&pid=94&did=94120&pnum=1 |archive-date=2014-11-29 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|-
|[[Masjid Omar Kampong Melaka]]
|[[File:Masjid_Omar_Kampong_Melaka,_Mar_06.JPG|center|120px]]
|[[Central Area, Singapore|Central Area]]
|[[Singapore]]
|1820
|
|Originally a wooden structure built by Arab merchant Syed Omar Ali Aljunied.<ref>{{cite book |title=The Islamic Voluntary Sector in Southeast Asia |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NP4ZL0TJ9s4C&q=%22Masjid+Omar+Kampong+Melaka%22&pg=PA207 |access-date=15 March 2015|isbn= 9789813016071|last1= Ariff|first1= Mohamed|year= 1991| publisher=Institute of Southeast Asian Studies }}</ref>
|}

=== Southwest Asia ===
{{see also|List of mosques in Iran|List of mosques in Turkey}}
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+ [[West Asia|Southwest Asia]] (excluding the Arabian peninsula, [[Caucasus]], and [[Levant]])
! style="width:15%"|Building
! class="unsortable"; style="width:15%"|Image
! style="width:10%"|Location
! style="width:15%"|Country
! style="width:10%"|First built
! style="width:10%"|Tradition
! class="unsortable"; style="width:25%"|Notes
|-
|Ayasofya Mosque ([[Hagia Sophia]])
|[[File:The_Turk_and_his_lost_provinces_-_Greece,_Bulgaria,_Servia,_Bosnia_(1903)_(14593094020).jpg|center|120px]]
|[[Istanbul]]
|[[Turkey]]
|{{sort|1453|1453<br/>{{small|(537, as a church)}}}}
|
|Built as a [[Greek Orthodox Church|Greek Orthodox]] cathedral, converted to a mosque in 1453, and then a [[museum]] in 1931.<ref>Magdalino, Paul, et al. "Istanbul: Buildings, Hagia Sophia" in Grove Art Online. Oxford Art Online. http://www.oxfordartonline.com. Retrieved 28 February 2010.</ref> In 2020, it was again converted into a mosque by order of a Turkish court.
|-
|[[Great Mosque of Kufa]]
|[[File:Kufa Mosque.jpg|center|120px]]
|[[Kufa]]
|[[Iraq]]
|{{sort|0639|639}}
|Shia
|The mosque contains the remains of [[Muslim ibn Aqeel]] – first cousin of [[Husayn ibn Ali]], his companion [[Hani ibn Urwa]], and the revolutionary [[Mukhtar al-Thaqafi]].
|-
|[[Imam Husayn Shrine|Maqam al-Imam al-Husayn Mosque]]
|[[File:Kerbela Hussein Moschee.jpg|center|120px]]
|[[Karbala]]
|Iraq
|{{sort|0680|680}}
|Shia
|Reconstructed several times, including in 1016.
|-
|[[Jameh Mosque of Ferdows]]
|
|[[Ferdows]]
|[[Iran]]
|{{sort|0699|7th century (possibly)}}
|
|
|-
|[[Jameh Mosque of Isfahan]]
|[[File:Jam%C3%A9_Mosque_Esfahan_courtyard.jpg|center|120px]]
|[[Isfahan]]
|Iran
|{{sort|0771|771}}
|
|
|-
|[[Jameh Mosque of Fahraj]]
|[[File:مسجد_جامع_فهرج_یزد2.JPG|center|120px]]
|[[Fahraj]]
|Iran
|{{sort|0700|700s}}
|
|<ref name="ArchnetIran">[https://archnet.org/sites/3855/media_contents/916 Friday Mosque] Archnet. 8-1-2017.</ref>
|-
|[[Tarikhaneh|Tarikhaneh Mosque]]
|[[File:Damghan7.jpg|center|120px]]
|[[Damghan]]
|Iran
|{{sort|0768|768}}
|
|The oldest mosque in Iran.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Pope |first=Arthur Upham |author-link=Arthur Upham Pope |title=Persian Architecture |date=1965 |publisher=Thames and Hudson |location=United States of America |publication-date=1965 |pages=78-80, 89, 100 |language=English}}</ref>
|-
|[[Great Mosque of Samarra]]
|[[File:The_spiral_minaret_in_Samarra.jpg|center|120px]]
|[[Samarra]]
|Iraq
|{{sort|0848|848}}
|
|
|-
|[[Al-Askari Shrine|Al-Askari Mosque]]
|[[File:Al_Askari_Mosque.jpg|center|120px]]
|[[Samarra]]
|Iraq
|{{sort|0944|944}}
|[[Twelver Shia|Shia (Twelver)]]
|Shrine of the 10th and 11th Twelver Shi'ite Imams: [[Ali al-Hadi]] and [[Hasan al-Askari]].
|-
|[[Imam Ali Shrine|Imam Ali Mosque]]
|[[File:Meshed ali usnavy (PD).jpg|center|120px]]
|[[Najaf]]
|Iraq
|{{sort|0977|977}}
|Shia, Sunni
|Houses the tomb of [[Ali ibn Abi Talib]], Muhammad's cousin and fourth Caliph, and the first person of the Shia [[Imamate (Shi'a)|Imamate]].
|-
|[[Great Mosque of Diyarbakır]]
|[[File:Great Mosque, Diyarbakir.jpg|center|120px]]
|[[Diyarbakır]]
|[[Turkey]]
|1092
|Sunni
|One of the oldest known mosques in modern Turkey.
|-
|[[Yivliminare Mosque]] (Alaeddin Mosque)
|[[File:Antalya_-_Alaeddin-Moschee_2.jpg|center|120px]]
|[[Antalya]]
|Turkey
|1230
|
|
|-
|[[Aslanhane Mosque]]
|[[File:Arslanhane_Mosque_01.jpg|center|120px]]
|[[Ankara]]
|Turkey
|1290
|
|
|}

=== Transcaucasia ===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+ [[Transcaucasia]]
! style="width:15%"|Building
! class="unsortable"; style="width:15%"|Image
! style="width:10%"|Location
! style="width:15%"|Country
! style="width:10%"|First built
! style="width:10%"|Tradition
! class="unsortable"; style="width:25%"|Notes
|-
|[[Juma Mosque, Shamakhi|Juma Mosque]]
|[[File:Qo%C5%9Fa_minar%C9%99li_m%C9%99scid._%C5%9Eamax%C4%B1_%C5%9F%C9%99h%C9%99ri.JPG|center|120px]]
|[[Shamakhi]]
|[[Azerbaijan]]
|{{sort|0734|743-744}}
|
|Built in 743–744, set on fire by Armenian units of "Dashnaktsutiun" in 1918, reconstructed in 2009.
|-
|[[Blue Mosque, Yerevan|Blue Mosque]]
|[[File:051_Gok_Jami_mosque_Yerevan.jpg|center|120px]]
|[[Yerevan]]
|[[Armenia]]
|{{sort|1760|Mid-18th century}}
|
|
|}

== Europe ==
{{see also|List of mosques in Europe}}
=== Central and Eastern Europe ===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+ [[Central Europe]] and [[Eastern Europe]] (excluding the Caucasus, [[European Russia]] and Nordic countries)
! style="width:15%"|Building
! class="unsortable"; style="width:15%"|Image
! style="width:10%"|Location
! style="width:15%"|Country
! style="width:10%"|First built
! style="width:10%"|Tradition
! class="unsortable"; style="width:25%"|Notes
|-
|[[(Ahmed) Al-Aga Mosque (1268)|Al-Agha Mosque]]
|[[File:Mlička džamija -.jpg|center|120px]]
|[[Dragash]]
|[[Kosovo]] 
|1268
|
|Built by Muslims who migrated from Aleppo, in Syria, to Kosovo.<ref name="Dituria2007">{{cite journal |last=Sharr |first=KBI |title=Këshilli me xhaminë më të vjetër në rajon |journal=Dituria Islame, Revistë Mujore, Fetare, Kulturore e Shkencore |date=March 2007 |volume=200 |issue=xhamitë nëpër këshillat e Kosovës |page=50 |lang= }}</ref>
|-
|[[Dzhumaya Mosque]]
|[[File:Dzhumayata.jpg|center|120px]]
|[[Plovdiv]]
|[[Bulgaria]]
|{{sort|1364|1363–1364}}
|
|Built during the reign of [[Mehmed the Conqueror|Sultan Murad II]] the old building was demolished and replaced by the modern-day mosque.
|-
|[[Sailors' Mosque]]
|[[File:Sailors’_Mosque_(2012).jpg|center|120px]]
|[[Ulcinj]]
|[[Montenegro]]
|{{sort|1399|14th century}}
|
|
|-
|[[Halit Efendi Mosque]]
|
|Slupčane, [[Lipkovo Municipality]]
|[[North Macedonia]]
|1415
|
|Considered the oldest mosque in North Macedonia. However, as a result of the various renovation works, the building has been altered to such an extent that it is no longer in its original state.<ref name="Slupcan">{{Cite web |url=http://cdnh.ii.edu.mk/ostanati2007/dzamiite_kumanovsko/dzamiitekumanovsko/links/Slupcan.html |title=Џамијата на Бедр |lang=mk |access-date=2018-05-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305092747/http://cdnh.ii.edu.mk/ostanati2007/dzamiite_kumanovsko/dzamiitekumanovsko/links/Slupcan.html |archive-date=2016-03-05 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|-
|Turhan Emin-Beg Mosque
|
|[[Ustikolina]]
|[[Bosnia and Herzegovina]]
|{{sort|1449|1448–1449}}
|
|Built by Turhan Emin-beg. Known to have been destroyed two times (1941 and 1992) and rebuilt two times (1956 and 2007).<ref name="Ustikolina2007">{{cite web |work=Ustikolina |url=http://ustikolina.blogger.ba/arhiva/2007/08/26/1102020 |title=Najstarija dzamija u BiH – ..::Ustikolina::.. |date=26 August 2007 |access-date=15 March 2015 |archive-date=23 October 2017 |lang= |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171023135223/http://ustikolina.blogger.ba/arhiva/2007/08/26/1102020 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|-
|Fatih Mosque, Elbasan
|
|[[Elbasan Castle]]
|[[Albania]]
|1466
|
|Built by the orders of [[Sultan]] [[Mehmed II]].<ref name="Orientalizmi">{{cite web |url=http://orientalizmi.wordpress.com/2011/12/14/xhamia-e-pare-ne-shqiperi-1466/ |title=Xhamia e parë në Shqipëri (1466) |work=Orientalizmi Shqiptar |lang= |date=14 December 2011 |access-date=15 March 2015}}</ref>
|-
|Old Mosque, Plav (Imperial Mosque)
|[[File:Plav_-_drevena_mesita_z_18._stol.jpg|center|120px]]
|[[Plav, Montenegro|Plav]]
|Montenegro
|1471
|
|Built during the [[Ottoman Montenegro|Ottoman rule]] in the city.<ref name="Gusinje2014">{{cite web |url=http://www.gusinje.net/files/zidd.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=2014-01-12 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140112160200/http://www.gusinje.net/files/zidd.pdf |lang= |archive-date=2014-01-12 }}</ref>
|-
|[[King Mosque, Elbasan|King Mosque]] or Sultan Bayazit Mosque
|[[File:Königsmoschee_Elbasan.jpg|center|120px]]
|Elbasan
|Albania
|1482
|
|
|-
|[[Iljaz Mirahori Mosque]]
|[[File:Xhamia_e_Iljaz_Bej_Mirahorit,_Korce.jpg|center|120px]]
|[[Korçë]]
|Albania
|1494
|
|It was built by [[Iljaz Hoxha]], also known as Iljaz Bey Mirahor,<ref name="AlbaniaExplorer2011">[http://www.albaniaexplorer.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=45&Itemid=78 Albania Explorer] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110903153644/http://www.albaniaexplorer.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=45&Itemid=78 |date=2011-09-03}}</ref> and is a [[Cultural Monument of Albania]].<ref name="ROANCFC">{{cite web |url=http://kshk.gov.al/index.php?fq=brenda&gj=gj2&kid=19 |title=Religious buildings with the 'Culture Monument' status |publisher=Republic of Albania National Committee for Culture |access-date=October 28, 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110706071224/http://kshk.gov.al/index.php?fq=brenda&gj=gj2&kid=19 |archive-date=July 6, 2011 }}</ref>
|-
|[[Mosque of Kuklibeu]]
|[[File:PrizrenCollection2_2010_IMG_0695.JPG|center|120px]]
|[[Prizren]]
|Kosovo
|1534
|
|
|-
|[[Mosque of Muderis Ali Efendi]]
|[[File:PrizrenCollection2_2010_100_2517.JPG|center|120px]]
|Prizren
|Kosovo
|{{sort|1581|1543–1581}}
|
|
|-
|[[Esmahan Sultan Mosque]]
|[[File:Moscheia-Esmahan-Sultan.jpg|center|120px]]
|[[Mangalia]]
|[[Romania]]
|1575
|
|Oldest mosque in Romania
|-
|
|
|
|[[Poland]]
|1558
|
|Tatar mosques in Poland were noted in a 1558 treatise ''Risale-i Tatar-i Lech''.<ref name="Zakład1991">{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UM5ZAAAAIAAJ |title=Polish Art Studies |date=1991-01-01 |publisher=Zakład Narodowy im. Ossolińskich |page=40 |language=en}}</ref>
|-
|
|
|
|[[Lithuania]]
|{{sort|1599|16th century}}
|
|Various records indicate Lithuanian Tatars built mosques in then the [[Grand Duchy of Lithuania]] during the 16th century<ref name="google.com">{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dCAU6Bz5QIEC&q=first+mosque+poland&pg=PA183 |title=Muslims in Poland and Eastern Europe |isbn=9788390322957 |access-date=15 March 2015|last1=Górak-Sosnowska |first1=Katarzyna |year=2011 |publisher=Katarzyna Górak-Sosnowska }}</ref>
|-
|[[Sinan Pasha Mosque (Prizren)|Mosque of Sinan Pasha]]
|[[File:SinanPasha.JPG|center|120px]]
|Prizren
|Kosovo
|1615
|
|
|-
|[[Log pod Mangartom Mosque]]
|[[File:Mošeja-Log_pod_Mangartom4.jpg|center|120px]]
|[[Log pod Mangartom]], [[Municipality of Bovec]]
|[[Slovenia]]
|1916
|
|Built by [[Bosniaks in Slovenia|Bosniak]] members of the [[Austro-Hungarian army]], in what was then [[Austria-Hungary]].<ref name="Mladina2002">{{cite web |title=Minaret nad Alpami |publisher=Mladina |last=Žerdin |first=Ali H. |url=http://www.mladina.si/92396/minaret/ |date=20 August 2002 |access-date=15 March 2015}}</ref>
|-
|[[Gunja Mosque]]
|[[File:Gunja Mosque Interior-Džamija u gunji unutrašnjost-Џамија у Гуњи унутрашњост 01.jpg|center|120px]]
|[[Gunja, Croatia|Gunja]]
|[[Croatia]]
|1969
|
|The first and one of the few mosques in Croatia, located near the border with Bosnia and Herzegovina.
|-
|[[Vienna Islamic Centre]]-Mosque
|[[File:Bruckhaufen_(Wien)_-_Moschee_(4).JPG|center|120px]]
|[[Vienna]]
|[[Austria]]
|1979
|
|<ref name="ReferenceB">{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=x3gvJiiCCB8C&q=first+mosque+austria&pg=PA143 |title=Islam, Europe's Second Religion |isbn=9780275976095 |access-date=15 March 2015 |last1=Hunter |first1=Shireen T. |year=2002 |publisher=Bloomsbury Academic }}</ref>
|-
|Brno Mosque
|[[File:Brno,_Štýřice,_mešita_-_DOD_(01).jpg|center|120px]]
|[[Brno]]
|[[Czech Republic]]
|1998
|
|Construction began 1996, inaugurated 1998.<ref name="NielsenAkgönül2009"/>
|}

=== Iberian Peninsula ===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+ [[Iberian Peninsula]]
! style="width:15%"|Building
! class="unsortable"; style="width:15%"|Image
! style="width:10%"|Location
! style="width:15%"|Country
! style="width:10%"|First built
! style="width:10%"|Tradition
! class="unsortable"; style="width:25%"|Notes
|-
|[[Mosque–Cathedral of Córdoba|Great Mosque of Cordoba (Mezquita)]]
|[[File:Mezquita de Córdoba (28890223327).jpg|center|120x120px]]
|[[Córdoba, Spain|Córdoba]], [[Andalusia]]
|[[Spain]]
|{{sort|0784|785}}
|
|Originally built by [[Abd al-Rahman I]] in the then [[Emirate of Córdoba]], it underwent successive extensions in the 9th and 10th centuries. After the Castilian conquest of Cordoba in 1236, it was converted into the city's cathedral, which it remains to this day.<ref name=":242">{{Cite book |title=The Grove Encyclopedia of Islamic Art and Architecture |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=2009 |isbn=9780195309911 |editor-last=Bloom |editor-first=Jonathan M. |pages=505–508 |chapter=Córdoba |editor-last2=Blair |editor-first2=Sheila S.}}</ref><ref name="PetrasPetras1996">{{cite book |author1=Petras, Kathryn |author2=Petras, Ross |title=World Access: The Handbook for Citizens of the Earth |url=https://archive.org/details/worldaccesshandb00petr |url-access=registration |access-date=5 July 2012 |date=11 June 1996 |publisher=Simon and Schuster |isbn=978-0-684-81016-4 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/worldaccesshandb00petr/page/288 288]–}}</ref>
|-
|Mosque inside [[Aljafería Palace]]
|[[File:La Aljafería 14092014 114703 05575.jpg|center|120px]]
|[[Zaragoza, Spain|Zaragoza]], [[Aragon]]
|Spain
|{{sort|0784|1046}}
|
|A small prayer room inside the Aljafería Palace, dating from the [[Taifa]] period under the [[Hudid dynasty]] in the then [[Caliphate of Córdoba]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://islamicart.museumwnf.org/database_item.php?id=monument;isl;es;mon01;4;en|title=Aljafería Palace (Islamic part) - Discover Islamic Art - Virtual Museum}}</ref> It is accessed through a portal inside palace.<ref name=Barrucand/>{{rp|118–120}} In 2001, the original restored structures of the Aljafería were included in the [[Mudéjar Architecture of Aragon]], a [[World Heritage Site]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Mudéjar Architecture of Aragon |url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/378 |publisher=[[UNESCO]] World Heritage Center}}</ref>
|-
|Mosque of [[Madinat al-Zahra]]
|[[File:Mezquita de Medina Azahara.jpg|center|120px]]
|Córdoba, Andalusia
|Spain
|{{sort|0784|941–942}}
|
|[[Friday mosque]] of [[Madinat al-Zahra]], a vast, fortified palace-city begun in 936 by [[Abd al-Rahman III]].<ref name=":3">{{Cite book |last=Kennedy |first=Hugh |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dFTJAwAAQBAJ |title=Muslim Spain and Portugal: A Political History of al-Andalus |publisher=Routledge |year=1996 |isbn=9781317870418 |location= |pages=98, 125, 132 |language=en}}</ref> The city's mosque was inaugurated in 941–942.<ref name=":32">{{Cite book |last=Arnold |first=Felix |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bXjXDQAAQBAJ |title=Islamic Palace Architecture in the Western Mediterranean: A History |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=2017 |isbn=9780190624552 |location= |pages=60–61 |language=en}}</ref><ref name=Barrucand/>{{rp|61}} The complex was plundered & destroyed during the [[Fitna of al-Andalus|civil war]] that ended the Caliphate of Córdoba in the early 11th century.<ref name=":3" /> A UNESCO [[World Heritage Site]] since 2018.<ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |title=Caliphate City of Medina Azahara |url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1560/ |access-date=2024-03-20 |website=[[UNESCO]] World Heritage Centre |language=en}}</ref>
|-
|[[Mosque of Cristo de la Luz]]
|[[File:Mezquita Cristo de la Luz de Toledo.jpg|center|120px]]
|[[Toledo, Spain|Toledo]], [[Castile-La Mancha]]
|Spain
|{{sort|0784|999}}
|
|Built in the then Caliphate of Córdoba,<ref name=Pareja>{{cite book|author=Pareja, Antonio |title=Mezquita de Bab al Mardum, Cristo de la Luz, Toledo 999–1999 |year=1999 |location=Spain |publisher=Fundacíon Cultura y Deporte Castilla-La Mancha, Junta de Comunidades de Castilla-La Mancha |lang=es}}</ref> this building is a rarity in that it is in much the same state as it was when it was originally built.<ref name=Pareja/> Originally a square structure with nine domed bays, a semi-circular apse was added in 1187, after it had been converted into a church.<ref name=Barrucand>{{Cite book |last1=Barrucand |first1=Marianne |url=https://archive.org/details/moorisharchitect00mari/mode/2up |title=Moorish architecture in Andalusia |last2=Bednorz |first2=Achim |publisher=Taschen |year=1992 |isbn=3822896322 |location= |language=en}}</ref>{{rp|88}}
|-
|[[Mosque of las Tornerías]]<br/>{{small|({{langx|ar|الـمـسـتـمـيـم|al-Mustimim}})}}
|[[File:Mezquita de las Tornerías. Toledo.jpg|center|120px]]
|Toledo, Castile-La Mancha
|Spain
|{{sort|0784|mid-11th-century}}
|
| Built on the foundations of [[Ancient Roman architecture|Roman architecture]], located in the old Muslim neighborhood [[Arrabal de Francos]], in the then [[Taifa of Toledo]]. The building continued maintaining the [[Islamic faith]] in Spain well beyond the [[reconquista]] of the city by the Christian troops of [[Alfonso VI of León and Castile]] in 1085, until the period of 1498–1505, when it was desacralizated by the [[Catholic Monarchs]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.turismocastillalamancha.com/arte-cultura/monumentos/toledo/mezquita-de-las-tornerias/ |title=Castilla-La Mancha, Descubre e Sciente |work=turismocastillalamancha.com |date= |access-date= |lang=es }}</ref><ref>{{cite book |author1=Hattstein, Markus |author2=Delius, Peter |title=Islam. Arte y arquitectura |year=2007 |publisher=Tandem Verlag |lang=es }}</ref> 
|-
|[[Ribat of Arrifana]] Archaeological site
|[[File:RibatArrifana1.jpg|center|120px]]
|[[Aljezur]], [[Algarve]]
|[[Portugal]]
|{{sort|0784|1130}}
|
|Probably constructed by [[Abu-l-Qasim Ahmad ibn al-Husayn ibn Qasi]], governor of [[Taifa of Silves|Silves]] and a rebel leader against the [[Almoravid dynasty]]. These are the only ruins of such Muslim fortress to have been identified in Portugal, excavated by Portuguese archaeologists since 2001.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.patrimoniocultural.gov.pt/pt/patrimonio/patrimonio-imovel/pesquisa-do-patrimonio/classificado-ou-em-vias-de-classificacao/geral/view/70163/ |title=Igreja matriz de Mértola |publisher=Direção-Geral do Património Cultural |lang=pt }}</ref>
|-
|[[Church of Nossa Senhora da Anunciação]]
|[[File:Igreja Matriz de Mértola.jpg|center|120px]]
|[[Mértola]], [[Alentejo]]
|Portugal
|{{sort|0784|Second-half of the 12th century}}
|
|Unique and most identifiable former mosque in Portugal, in what was then the [[Almohad Caliphate]], although a mixture of Almohad and [[Manueline]] post-[[Gothic architecture]]. Rebuilt in the second half of the 12th century with some elements from the 9th century.<ref name="SIPA">{{cite book |page=[http://www.monumentos.pt/Site/APP_PagesUser/SIPA.aspx?id=741 741] |title=Igreja Paroquial de Mértola/Igreja de Nossa Senhora da Assunção/Igreja de Nossa Senhora da Anunciação (IPA.00000741/PT040209040002) |publisher=Sistema de Informação para o Património Arquitectónico (SIPA) |location=Lisbon, Portugal |language=pt |first1=Isabel |last1=Mendonça |first2=Rosário |last2=Gordalina |year=2007 }}</ref>
|-
|[[Giralda]]
|[[File:Sevilla Cathedral - Giralda.jpg|center|120px]]
|[[Seville]], Andalusia
|Spain
|1248
|
|Only the minaret remains, built in the then [[Almohad Caliphate]]. Mosque comparable in size to Great mosque of Cordoba,<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://historylists.org/architecture/5-most-impressive-historic-mosques-in-spain.html |title=5 Most Impressive Historic Mosques in Spain |work=History Lists.org |date= |access-date= }}</ref> mostly destroyed by earthquake in 1365. Minaret used as a church bell tower was built higher in the 16th century.
|-
|[[São Clemente (Loulé)|Church of São Clemente]]
|[[File:Loule Church - The Algarve, Portugal (1399505908).jpg|center|120px]]
|[[Tavira]], [[Algarve]]
|Portugal
|{{sort|0784|Second-half of the 13th century}}
|
|Only parts of the original minaret remain, built in the [[Kingdom of Portugal]], incorporated in the church bell tower. It's {{cvt|22.7|m}} tall and {{cvt|4.2|m}} wide. Across it lies an old Muslim cemetery of Jardim dos Amuados.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.patrimoniocultural.gov.pt/pt/patrimonio/patrimonio-imovel/pesquisa-do-patrimonio/classificado-ou-em-vias-de-classificacao/geral/view/70412/ |title=Igreja matriz de Loulé |publisher=Direção-Geral do Património Cultural |lang=pt }}</ref>
|-
|[[Mosque of Tórtoles]]
|[[File:Mezquita de Tórtoles, Tarazona, Zaragoza, España, 2017-05-23, DD 66.jpg|center|120px]]
|[[Tarazona]], Aragon
|Spain
|{{sort|0784|15th-century}}
|
|Almost unaltered in the later centuries; built in the then [[Crown of Aragon]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.patrimonioculturaldearagon.es/bienes-culturales/mezquita-de-tortoles-tarazona |author1=Hattstein, Markus |author2=Delius, Peter |title=Mezquita de Tórtoles (Tarazona, Zaragoza) |year=2007 |lang=es |publisher=Tandem Verlag}}</ref>
|-
|[[San Sebastian Minaret (Alminar De San Sebastian)]]
|[[File:Ronda Minaret-Kirchturm2004.jpg|frameless|120x120px]]
|[[Ronda]], Andalusia
|Spain 
|
|
|Only the minaret of the medium-size mosque in Plaza Abul Beka neighborhood remains in the then [[Almohad Caliphate]]. Minaret was expanded and used as a bell tower. The mosque was converted to a church but destroyed in the 1600s during [[Rebellion of the Alpujarras (1568–71)|Morisco Revolts]]. Ronda was a Muslim city for 700 years. The city had 7 or 8 mosques; none survive today.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=San Sebastian Minaret |url=http://www.rondatoday.com/san-sebastian-minaret-alminar-de-san-sebastian/ |date= |access-date=28 September 2018 |website=rondatoday.com}}</ref>
|}

=== Russia ===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+ {{flagcountry|Russia}}
! style="width:15%"|Building
! class="unsortable"; style="width:15%"|Image
! style="width:10%"|Location
! style="width:10%"|First built
! style="width:10%"|Tradition
! class="unsortable"; style="width:25%"|Notes
|-
|[[Juma Mosque of Derbent|Juma Mosque]]
|
|[[Derbent]], [[Dagestan]]
|{{sort|0700|700-900 (approximate)}}
|
| Then part of the [[Abbasid Caliphate]]<ref name="ReferenceC"/>
|}

=== Scandinavia ===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+ [[Scandinavia]]
! style="width:15%"|Building
! class="unsortable"; style="width:15%"|Image
! style="width:10%"|Location
! style="width:15%"|Country
! style="width:10%"|First built
! style="width:10%"|Tradition
! class="unsortable"; style="width:25%"|Notes
|-
|[[Järvenpää Mosque]]
|
|
|[[Finland]]
|1942
|
|A mosque of the community of [[Finnish Tatars]]. It is considered to be the oldest mosque in Scandinavia. Finland's first Muslim cemetery was established in the 1830s for Russian troops.<ref name="ReferenceA">{{cite book |page=[https://books.google.com/books?id=SGg5VlaXsTUC&q=first+mosque+in+Finland&pg=PA102 102] |title=Helsinki |isbn=9781566565448 |last1=Kent |first1=Neil |year=2005 |publisher=Interlink Publishing Group Incorporated }}</ref>
|-
|[[Nusrat Djahan Mosque]]
|
|[[Hvidovre]], outside [[Copenhagen]]
|[[Denmark]]
|1967
|Ahmadiyya
|The first purpose-built mosque in Scandinavia.<ref name="ReferenceA"/>
|-
|Islamic Cultural Centre Norway
|
|[[Oslo]]
|[[Norway]]
|1974
|Sunni [[Deobandi]]
|Founded by Pakistani-Norwegians aided by Danish Muslims. Followed by the first Shi'i mosque, ''Anjuman-e Hussain'', in 1975; and the first Sunni [[Barelvi]] mosque in 1976.
|-
|Nasir Mosque 
|
|[[Gothenburg]]
|[[Sweden]]
|1976
|
|
|-
|
|
|[[Stockholm]]
|Sweden
|2000
|
|Converted from Katarinastation, a former power station.<ref>{{cite book |url= |title=Time Out Stockholm |isbn=9781846702303 |year=2011 |publisher=Time Out Guides |page=[https://books.google.com/books?id=dvawyDSmxzkC&q=first+mosque+sweden&pg=PA71 71] }}</ref>
|-
|[[Reykjavík Mosque]]
|
|[[Reykjavík]]
|[[Iceland]]
|2002
|
|Not a purpose-built mosque, but serves as an interim gathering site.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://2001-2009.state.gov/g/drl/rls/irf/2006/71385.htm |year=2006 |title=Iceland |work=[[U.S. Department of State]] |access-date=15 March 2015}}</ref>
|}

=== United Kingdom and Ireland ===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+ United Kingdom and Ireland
! style="width:15%"|Building
! class="unsortable"; style="width:15%"|Image
! style="width:10%"|Location
! style="width:15%"|Country
! style="width:10%"|First built
! style="width:10%"|Tradition
! class="unsortable"; style="width:25%"|Notes
|-
|[[Liverpool Muslim Institute|Liverpool Mosque and Muslim Institute]]
|[[File:Brougham_Terrace,_July_07,_2012.jpg|center|120px]]
|[[Liverpool]], [[England]]
|[[United Kingdom]]
|1891
|
|Several sources state that a mosque was founded in 1860 at [[2 Glynrhondda Street]], [[Cardiff]], [[Wales]]. This has been rejected by an academic paper as a transcription error.<ref name="LiverpoolMosque">{{cite web |title=Liverpool Mosque and Muslim Institute |url=http://www.open.ac.uk/researchprojects/makingbritain/content/liverpool-mosque-and-muslim-institute |publisher=Open University |access-date=19 May 2014}}</ref><ref name="Gilliat-Ray 2010">{{cite journal |last=Gilliat-Ray |first=Sophie |title=The first registered mosque in the UK, Cardiff, 1860': the evolution of a myth |journal=Contemporary Islam |volume=4 |issue=2 |pages=179–193 |issn=1872-0218 |doi=10.1007/s11562-010-0116-9 |date=July 2010 |s2cid=145759796 }}</ref>
|-
|Dublin Mosque and Islamic Centre
|
|[[Dublin]]
|[[Ireland]]
|1976
|
|Later,<ref name="NielsenAkgönül2009">{{cite book |author1=Nielsen, Jorgen S. |author2=Akgönül, Samim |author3=Alibasic, Ahmet |title=Yearbook of Muslims in Europe |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WiijLleylbEC&pg=PA169| access-date=5 July 2012 |date=15 October 2009 |publisher=BRILL |isbn=978-90-04-17505-1 |pages=169–}}</ref> followed by the first purpose-built mosque was built in [[Ballyhaunis]] in 1987.{{citation needed|date=July 2015}}
|}

=== Western Europe ===
{{see also|List of mosques in France|List of mosques in Germany}}
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+ [[Western Europe|Western]]-[[Central Europe]] (excluding the British Isles, Nordic countries, and countries that are also in Eastern Europe)
! style="width:15%"|Building
! class="unsortable"; style="width:15%"|Image
! style="width:10%"|Location
! style="width:15%"|Country
! style="width:10%"|First built
! style="width:10%"|Tradition
! class="unsortable"; style="width:25%"|Notes
|-
|[[Père Lachaise Ottoman Mosque]]
|[[File:Père-Lachaise_-_Division_85_-_enclos_musulman_02.jpg|center|120px]]
|[[Paris]]
|[[France]]
|1856
|
|The first in [[Metropolitan France]], served for burial prayers for Ottoman diplomats, North African military personnel, and Turkish and Arab students. It fell into disrepair when France and the Ottoman Empire went to war in 1914.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.saphirnews.com/Sur-les-traces-de-la-mosquee-du-Pere-Lachaise_a19917.html |title=Sur les traces de la mosquée du Père Lachaise |access-date=20 March 2024 |last=Gence |first=Christelle |lang=fr }}</ref>
|-
|[[Grand Mosque of Paris]]
|[[File:Grande_Mosquée_de_Paris.JPG|center|120px]]
|Paris
|France
|1926
|
|Built in the Moroccan style and honored Muslim French veterans of World War I.<ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=x03mFxZTv44C&q=%22first+mosque%22&pg=PA104 |title=Muslim Minorities in the West |access-date=15 March 2015|isbn=9780759102187 |last1=Haddad |first1=Yvonne Yazbeck |last2=Smith |first2=Jane I. |year=2002 |publisher=Rowman Altamira }}</ref>
|-
|Wünsdorf Mosque
|[[File:Wünsdorf_Mosque.jpg|center|120px]]
|[[Wünsdorf]], [[Berlin]]
|[[Germany]]
|1915
|
|Erected by the Imperial German Army administration for Muslim Allied prisoners of war in the POW camp in Wünsdorf, later used as refugee camp. In 1930 torn down due to lack of a congregation.
|-
|[[Mobarak Mosque (The Hague)|Mobarak Mosque]]
|[[File:Moskee_Oostduinlaan.JPG|center|120px]]
|[[The Hague]]
|[[Netherlands]]
|1955
|
|The first known purpose-built mosque in the Netherlands.
|-
|Centre Islamique de Genève
|
|[[Geneva]]
|[[Switzerland]]
|1961
|
|Founded by [[Said Ramadan]], known as the ''Little Mosque of Geneva''.
|}

== Oceania ==
{{See also|List of mosques in Oceania|List of mosques in Australia}}

=== Australasia ===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+ [[Australasia]]
! style="width:15%"|Building
! class="unsortable"; style="width:15%"|Image
! style="width:10%"|Location
! style="width:15%"|Country
! style="width:10%"|First built
! style="width:10%"|Tradition
! class="unsortable"; style="width:25%"|Notes
|-
|[[Marree Mosque]]
|[[File:The mosque at Marree SLSA B-15341.jpeg|120px]]
|[[Marree, South Australia]]
|[[Australia]]
|{{sort|1882|1861 / 1882}}
|
|Small structure in the South Australian desert built by Australia's "[[Afghan (Australia)|Afghan]]" camel-drivers, has been restored.<ref name="cultureandrecreation"/><ref name="Pohl2010"/>
|-
|[[Central Adelaide Mosque]]
|[[File:Adelaide Central Mosque, Adelaide, February 2023.jpg|120px]]
|[[Adelaide]], South Australia
|Australia
|1888
|
|The oldest major city mosque in the country.<ref name="cultureandrecreation">{{cite web |url=http://www.cultureandrecreation.gov.au/articles/cameleers/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090918142307/http://www.cultureandrecreation.gov.au/articles/cameleers/ |archive-date=2009-09-18 |url-status=dead |title=Afghan cameleers in Australia – Australia's Culture Portal |access-date=2014-10-18}}</ref>
|-
|Ponsonby Mosque
|[[File:Ponsonby Mosque and driveway.jpg|120px]]
|[[Auckland]]
|[[New Zealand]]
|{{sort|1980|1980}}
|
|Cornerstone laid in 1979; the first Islamic centre in the country was installed in an Auckland house bought in 1959.<ref name="Drury2006">{{cite book |author=Abdullah Drury |title=Islam in New Zealand: the first mosque : a short history of the New Zealand Muslim Association & the Ponsonby Mosque |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wvckAQAAIAAJ |access-date=5 July 2012 |year=2006 |publisher=A. Drury |isbn=978-0-473-12249-2}}</ref>
|}

=== Melanesia ===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+ [[Melanesia]]
! style="width:15%"|Building
! class="unsortable"; style="width:15%"|Image
! style="width:10%"|Location
! style="width:15%"|Country
! style="width:10%"|First built
! style="width:10%"|Tradition
! class="unsortable"; style="width:25%"|Notes
|-
|Hidayatullah Sanoek Mosque
|
|Sanoek, South Waigeo, [[Raja Ampat Regency]], [[West Papua (province)|West Papua]]
|[[Indonesia]]
|{{sort|1505|1505 (approximate)}}
|
|The oldest surviving mosque in [[Oceania]]<ref name="Sanoek">{{cite web |url=https://republika.co.id/berita/dunia-islam/islam-nusantara/17/12/02/p0cdr2440-tiga-masjid-bersejarah-di-tanah-papua |title=Tiga Masjid Bersejarah di Tanah Papua|last=Tejomukti|first=Ratna Ajeng|date=3 December 2017 |access-date=5 September 2020 |language=id |trans-title=Three Historical Mosques in Papua}}</ref>
|- 
|
|
|Vitogo, [[Nausori]], and [[Tavua, Fiji|Tavua]]
|[[Fiji]]
|{{sort|1922|1922 (approximate)}}
|
|A number of wooden mosques were built by local Islamic assemblies around 1922.<ref name="Kettani1986">{{cite book |author=M. Alī Kettani |title=Muslim minorities in the world today |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CvlrAAAAIAAJ |access-date=5 July 2012 |year=1986 |publisher=Mansell |isbn=978-0-7201-1802-5 |page=227}}</ref>
|-
|
|
|[[Port Moresby]]
|[[Papua New Guinea]]
|2000
|
|Islam was introduced to the island in the 1970s,<ref name="Group2004">{{cite book |author=Taylor & Francis Group |title=Europa World Year Book 2 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gP_-8rXzQs8C&pg=PA3363 |access-date=5 July 2012 |date=September 2004 |publisher=[[Taylor & Francis]] |isbn=978-1-85743-255-8 |pages=3363–}}</ref> and the first Islamic centre established in 1988.<ref name="Pohl2010"/>
|}

== See also ==
*[[List of oldest minarets]]
*[[List of tallest minarets]]
* [[Holiest sites in Islam]]
* [[Islamic architecture]]
* [[List of mosques in India]]
** [[Congregational mosque]]
** [[List of largest mosques]]
** [[List of mosques]]
* [[List of oldest known surviving buildings]]
* [[List of oldest church buildings]]
* [[List of oldest synagogues]]

== Notes ==
{{Notelist}}
{{reflist|group=note}}

== References ==
{{Reflist|30em}}

== External links ==
* [http://www.archinform.net International Architecture database]
* [http://www.islamicity.org/5710/al-masjid-al-haram-and-al-masjid-al-aqsa-as-the-first-and-second-mosques-on-earth/ Al-Masjid al-Haram and al-Masjid al-Aqsa as the First and Second Mosques on Earth]

{{List of mosques}}
{{Religion-related lists of superlative buildings}}

[[Category:Historic preservation]]
[[Category:Lists of oldest buildings and structures|*Mosques]]
[[Category:Mosque architecture]]
[[Category:Religion-related lists of superlatives]]
[[Category:Lists of mosques|Oldest]]