Spot network substation
In
Description
Electricity distribution networks are typically of two types, radial or interconnected. A radial network arranges the station and branches like a tree with no connection to any other supply. This is typical of long rural lines with isolated load areas. In general, the radial distribution network has more power failures than the interconnected distribution networks.
In a
A spot network is basically a secondary network condensed to a point. Several transformers have multiple supplies and their secondaries are bussed together. Besides a region-wide blackout, they are vulnerable to a bus fault, which is extremely rare. The simplest case is where each transformer connects to one feeder and vice versa ("unit system"). High-voltage switching can be used to handle more cases, e.g., working transformer but faulty feeder or the reverse.
Network protectors, (reverse current relays), are used to detect any open circuits that are letting the electrical current flow back towards its source.
Examples
In large cities, many electric
Urban (spot) network transformer substations can be used to make interconnected distribution networks to serve a single facility. These substations may consist of two to eight or more primary transformers connected to the same secondary bus to provide reliable facility power. Examples of such single facilities include airports,
References
- ^ [1] EEP - Electrical Engineering Portal | Power Substation / Transmission and Distribution Spot network systems for distribution of electric power in downtown areas of cities By Edvard | April, 24th 2019
- ^ M. Behnke; et al. (July 2005). "Secondary Network Distribution Systems Background and Issues Related to the Interconnection of Distributed Resources" (PDF). National Renewable Energy Laboratory. p. 16. Retrieved 24 June 2021.
In some cases, the feeder relays may not clear a low-voltage fault until sufficient transformer damage occurs to involve the high-voltage winding
- ^ ABB Special Report on Transformers | Page 26 of 76
- ^ Toronto Pearson International Airport, see page 13 of 15
External links
- [2] EATON | Spot Network Equipment
- [3] General Electric Company Safe-NET Network Transformers
- [4] Siemens | POWER PRODUCT Technical | October 2019 | See Figure 7. Simple Spot Network System
- [5] NIH Design Requirements]
- High containment (BSL-3/ABSL-3) facility electrical design | different primary substations or by one double-ended utility substation
- [6] KINECTRICS INC - page 125 | 33. Network Transformers | Asset Depreciation Study
for the Ontario Energy Board