The Courtship of Miles Standish
The Courtship of Miles Standish is an 1858
Overview
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The Courtship of Miles Standish is set in the year 1621 against the backdrop of a fierce Indian war and focuses on a
The poem was a literary counterpoint to Longfellow's earlier Evangeline (1847), the tragic tale of a woman whose lover disappears during the deportation of the Acadian people in 1755. Together, Evangeline and The Courtship of Miles Standish captured the bittersweet quality of America's colonial era. However, the plot of The Courtship of Miles Standish deliberately varies in emotional tone, unlike the steady tragedy of Longfellow's Evangeline. The Pilgrims grimly battle against disease and Indians, but are also obsessed with an eccentric love triangle, creating a curious mix of drama and comedy. Bumbling, feuding roommates Miles Standish and John Alden vie for the affections of the beautiful Priscilla Mullins, who slyly tweaks the noses of her undiplomatic suitors. The independent-minded woman utters the famous retort, "Why don't you speak for yourself, John?" The saga has a surprise ending, one full of optimism for the American future.
Fictionalized history
A debate persists as to whether the tale is fact or fiction. Main characters Miles Standish, John Alden, and Priscilla Mullins are based upon real Mayflower passengers. Longfellow was a descendant of John Alden and Priscilla Mullins through his mother Zilpah Wadsworth
Composition and publication history
The first reference to the poem recorded in Longfellow's journal is dated December 29, 1857, where the project is referred to as "Priscilla". By March 1 the next year, it was renamed The Courtship of Miles Standish.[8]: 88
The ballad was very popular in nineteenth-century America. It was published in book form on October 16, 1858,[8]: 89 and it sold 25,000 copies after two months.[9] Reportedly, 10,000 copies were sold in London in a single day.[10]
Standish is memorialized in a low relief sculpture of six characters from Longfellow's epic poems executed by Daniel Chester French and installed at Longfellow Park, in Cambridge, Massachusetts, located in front of Longfellow's former home, now a U.S. National Historic Site maintained by the National Park Service.[11][12]
Poetic meter
Courtship of Miles Standish is written in
Cultural references
The story of Standish, Alden, and Mullins is referenced in A Charlie Brown Thanksgiving.
A 1940 Merrie Melodies cartoon depicts their own version of the story in The Hardship of Miles Standish. The Krazy Kat episode "The Pilgrim's Regress" depicts a comedic version of the story.
See also
References
- ^ Wagenknecht, Edward. Henry Wadsworth Longfellow: Portrait of an American Humanist. New York: Oxford University Press, 1966: 3.
- ISBN 0312125003.
- ^ ISBN 0670037605.
- ^ Goodwin, John A. (1888). The Pilgrim Republic (1920 ed.). Houghton Mifflin.
- ^ William T. Davis, Ancient Landmarks of Plymouth, The Pilgrim Society, Boston, 1883.
- ^ Encyclopædia Britannica, 2006.
- ^ The Inventory of Miles Standish, deceased, 2 December, 1656, exhibited to the Plymouth Court, 4 May 1657.
- ^ a b Williams, Cecil B. Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, New York: Twayne Publishers, Inc., 1964.
- ISBN 0-300-11017-0
- ^ Brooks, Van Wyck. The Flowering of New England. New York: E. P. Dutton and Company, Inc., 1952: 523.
- ^ "Longfellow House Washington's Headquarters National Historic Site (U.S. National Park Service)".
- ^ "Daniel Chester French: The Henry Wadsworth Longfellow Memorial".
External links
- The Courtship of Miles Standish, and Other Poems, 1858 edition, at books.google.com.
- The Complete Poems of Henry Wadsworth Longfellow at Project Gutenberg — includes this poem.
- Plot summary and historic background
- The Courtship of Miles Standish public domain audiobook at LibriVox