Thiufa

The thiufa was the highest division of the

Visigothic army in Hispania. Based on the known decimal structure of the rest of the army, it seems likely that it was nominally composed of one thousand men. Its commander was called a thiufadus (also tiuphadus).^[1]^[2]

Structure

It is unknown if the thiufae were ever actually called into service or if they existed only on paper. Perhaps smaller or larger units formed the actual basis of the Visigothic army.^[citation needed]

Etymology

The term thiufadus derives from either the

Germanic thusundifaths. The mechanism of the transmission via the latter is, however, considered impossible by some.^[3] The Latin devotus was generally applied by the Ostrogoths and Visigoths to high-ranking Goths in the Gothic language as thiwadus.^[3]

Thiufadus

A class of officials called the confiscatores or exactores in the

compulsor exercitus, servus dominicus, or thiufadus.^[3] The thiufadus was elsewhere called a vassus regis (vassal of the king) and agente in rebus.^[3]

The thiufadus, however, was both a military and judicial official.

Late Roman ducenarius.^[3] Their position in the army was above that of the centenarius (commander of a hundred), but it cannot be positively identified with the position of millenarius (commander of a thousand).^[3]

The Liber Iudiciorum augmented the powers of the thiufadi. In their double capacity as general and judge they were assisted by sayos. The thiufadus, who controlled the countryside, seems to have been weaker than the counts who controlled the civitates, city districts.

Notes

^ Thompson, E. A. (1969). The Goths in Spain. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
^ Contamine, Phillippe; trans. Michael Jones (1984). War in the Middle Ages. Oxford: Basil Blackwell Ltd., page 20.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g Wiener, Leo (1915). Commentary to the Germanic Laws and Mediaeval Documents. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. Commentary to the Germanic Laws and Medieval Documents.

Sources

Thompson, E. A. The Goths in Spain. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1969.
Contamine, Phillippe. War in the Middle Ages. trans. Michael Jones. Oxford: Basil Blackwell Ltd, 1984.
Wiener, Leo. Commentary to the Germanic Laws and Medieval Documents. London: Oxford University Press, 1915.

[thompson-1] Thompson, E. A. (1969). The Goths in Spain. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

[contamine-2] Contamine, Phillippe; trans. Michael Jones (1984). War in the Middle Ages. Oxford: Basil Blackwell Ltd., page 20.

[wiener-3] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g Wiener, Leo (1915). Commentary to the Germanic Laws and Mediaeval Documents. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. Commentary to the Germanic Laws and Medieval Documents.

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