Tony Lawson
Tony Lawson | |
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Notable ideas | Social positioning theory, critical ethical naturalism, contrast explanation |
Website | Homepage at University of Cambridge |
Tony Lawson is a British
Work
Economics
Lawson's early contributions were on philosophical topics such as uncertainty, knowledge and prediction as well as on substantive analyses of the
Philosophy
As a result of his argument that economics should concern itself with ontology, Lawson has developed and defended his own theory of the constitution and nature of social reality.[3] The main philosophical influence for this is the Cambridge Social Ontology Group. An early influence was the work of Roy Bhaskar.[17][18][19] Indeed, in his early work, Lawson joined Bhaskar and others in referring to the account of social reality defended as "transcendental realism".[14] Since 1997, however, Lawson has developed his own conception of social ontology, largely in collaboration with the Cambridge Social Ontology Group, and refers to it as social positioning theory.
Social ontology
Lawson's conception of social ontology has been in part derived through transcendental argument.[14] He defines as social anything "whose formation/coming into existence and/or continuing existence necessarily depend at least in part upon human beings and their interactions”.[3] Lawson argues that there is a level of emergent – from human interaction – reality that is reasonably demarcated as social.[20] This comes about through processes of social morphogenesis.[21] In general, Lawson argues, “we human beings for the most part do not create social reality, but rather, on finding it given to us at each moment, each draw upon it in acting in always situated ways, pursuing our particular situated concerns, in conditions clearly not of our own making, with understandings that are always fallible and extremely partial at best, and in so doing thereby contribute, along with the simultaneous actions of all others, to the continuous reproduction and transformation of social reality in a manner that is mostly unintended and poorly understood”.[22]
The result is a world in which
Ethics
Lawson defends a conception of ethics named Critical Ethical Naturalism in which the goal is a society in which we all flourish in our differences, and the mechanism ever nudging us towards it turns on the fact that the flourishing of any one of us depends on the flourishing of all and at some level we all recognise this.[23][24]
Debates
Lawson has engaged in debates with numerous contributors, including, early on, over the use of econometrics, and later, regarding the value of ontology to social theorising, including to feminist theorising. In addition, Edward Fullbrook’s Ontology and Economics: Tony Lawson and his Critics, contains a series of debates between Lawson and leading heterodox economists.[25] Recently Lawson has debated the relative advantages of competing conceptions of social ontology with several ontologists such as John Searle, Doug Porpora and Colin Wight.[22] Moreover, he has debated the nature of specific social existents, such as money, with Searle and Geoffrey Ingham.[26]
Bibliography
Books (single author)
- Lawson, Tony (2019). The Nature of Social Reality: Issues in Social Ontology. London: Routledge. OCLC 1082243306.
- Lawson, Tony (2015). Essays on the nature and state of modern economics. London: Routledge. OCLC 907773349.
- Lawson, Tony (2003). Reorienting Economics. London: Routledge. OCLC 810086031.
- Lawson, Tony (1997). Economics and Reality. London: Routledge. OCLC 225574891.
Selected articles
- Lawson, Tony (2022). "Social positioning theory". Cambridge Journal of Economics. 46 (1): 1–39. .
- Lawson, Tony (2018). "The Constitution and Nature of Money". Cambridge Journal of Economics. 42 (3): 851–873. .
- Lawson, Tony (2016). "Social positioning and the nature of money". Cambridge Journal of Economics. 40 (4): 961–996. .
- Lawson, Tony (2016). "Comparing Conceptions of Social Ontology: Emergent Social Entities and/or Institutional Facts?". Journal for the Theory of Social Behaviour. 46 (4): 359–399. .
- Lawson, Tony (2016). "Some Critical Issues in Social Ontology: Reply to John Searle". Journal for the Theory of Social Behaviour. 46 (4): 426–437. .
- Lawson, Tony (2016). "Ontology and Social Relations: Reply to Doug Porpora and to Colin Wight". Journal for the Theory of Social Behaviour. 46 (4): 438–449. .
Secondary sources
- "Special issue: Cambridge Social Ontology: Clarification, Development and Deployment". Cambridge Journal of Economics. 41 (5). 2017.
- Fullbrook, Edward (2009). Ontology and economics : Tony Lawson and his critics. New York: Routledge. OCLC 227191562.
- "Cambridge social ontology, the philosophical critique of modern economics and social positioning theory: an interview with Tony Lawson, part 1". Journal of Critical Realism. 20:1, 72–97. 2021.
- "Cambridge social ontology, the philosophical critique of modern economics and social positioning theory: an interview with Tony Lawson, part 2". Journal of Critical Realism. 20:2, 201–237. 2021.
References
- ^ Administrator (9 December 2016). "Professor Tony Lawson". www.econ.cam.ac.uk. Retrieved 11 October 2017.
- ^ "Editorial_Board". Cambridge Journal of Economics. Oxford University Press. Retrieved 11 October 2017.
- ^ OCLC 891449934.
- ^ )
- JSTOR 2233256.
- JSTOR 2233082.
- ISSN 0160-3477.
- S2CID 153432601.
- ^ Lawson, Tony (2001). "The Varying Fortunes of the Project of Mathematising Economics". European Journal of Economic and Social Systems. 15: 241–268.
- ISSN 1354-5701.
- S2CID 9622266.
- S2CID 28097842.
- ^ ISSN 0309-166X.
- ^ OCLC 34545173.
- ^ OCLC 810086031.
- OCLC 859038420.
- OCLC 4614842.
- )
- ISSN 0309-166X.
- )
- )
- ^ ISSN 1468-5914.
- ISSN 0147-2011.
- ^ Lawson, Tony (1 December 2014). Critical Ethical Naturalism: An Orientation to Ethics.
- )
- ISSN 0309-166X.