Truman Seymour

Truman Seymour
Truman Seymour
	5th U.S. Artillery
Battles/wars	Mexican–American War Battle of Cerro Gordo; Battle of Contreras; Battle of Churubusco; Third Seminole War; American Civil War Battle of Fort Sumter; Peninsula Campaign; Second Battle of Bull Run; Maryland Campaign; Battle of Olustee; Battle of the Wilderness; Siege of Petersburg; Appomattox Campaign;
Other work	Painter

Truman Seymour (September 24, 1824 – October 30, 1891) was a career soldier and an accomplished painter. He served in the Union Army during the American Civil War, rising to the rank of major general. He was present at the Battle of Fort Sumter. He commanded the Union troops at the Battle of Olustee, the only major Civil War battle fought in Florida.

Early life and career

Seymour was born in

1st U.S. Artillery

.

He immediately began his military service in the

captain

on November 22, 1860.

Civil War

In the months that led up to the Civil War Seymour served under Col. John L. Gardner at Fort Moultrie getting it prepared for the imminent war. When the Civil War began in 1861, Seymour commanded an artillery company in the defense against the Confederate assault on Fort Sumter, after which he received the brevet of major.

Major Seymour commanded the

5th Regiment of Artillery and the U.S. Camp of Instruction at Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, from December 1861 to March 1862. He was Chief of Artillery for General George A. McCall's division of Pennsylvania Reserves from March 6, 1862, until July 25, 1862. On April 5, 1862, President Abraham Lincoln nominated Seymour for appointment to the grade of brigadier general of volunteers, to rank from April 28, 1862, and the United States Senate confirmed the appointment on that date.^[2] The appointment was made official on April 30, 1862.^[2]

Seymour served in the

Mechanicsville on June 26, Gaines' Mill on June 27, Glendale on June 30 and led the division at Malvern Hill on July 1 after McCall was captured at the Battle of Glendale

.

After the Peninsula Campaign, the Pennsylvania Reserves joined the

George G. Meade became acting corps commander. He received the brevet from the regular army of lieutenant colonel after South Mountain and that of colonel

after Antietam.

After November 18, 1862, General Seymour was sent to the

54th Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry, the black regiment about which the 1989 film "Glory

" was made, in the vanguard of what most thought would be a feckless attack. He was also seriously wounded by grapeshot there and saw little field duty for the rest of 1863.

The Battle of Olustee

Maj. Gen.

Quincy A. Gillmore, commanding general of the Department of the South, placed Seymour in charge of the newly created District of Florida. The division made an expedition to Florida in February 1864, landing at and taking possession of Jacksonville

. Subsequently, Gillmore returned to South Carolina and left Seymour in tactical command.

On February 20, Seymour's force of about 5,500 men met a Confederate force of about 5,000, commanded by Brigadier General Joseph Finegan. The battle took place near the town of Olustee, about 40 miles west of Jacksonville. The ensuing battle produced some of the heaviest losses, by percentage, of any major battle of the war. Although Seymour's division inflicted nearly 1,000 casualties, it received nearly 2,000 in return. General Seymour's force returned, defeated, to Jacksonville, where Union troops retained control until the war ended.

The last year of the war

After Olustee, General Seymour retained command of the District of Florida until March 28, 1864. He then returned to

Appomattox Campaign. He was present at General Robert E. Lee

's surrender on April 9, 1865.

On January 13, 1866, President Andrew Johnson nominated Seymour for appointment to the brevet grade of major general of volunteers to rank from March 13, 1865 and the United States Senate confirmed the appointment on March 12, 1866.^[3] On April 10, 1866, President Johnson nominated Seymour for appointment to the grade of brevet brigadier general United States Army (Regular Army (United States)), to rank from March 13, 1865, and the Senate confirmed the appointment on May 4, 1866.^[4]

Postbellum career

Seymour was mustered out of the volunteers on August 24, 1865 but stayed in the Regular United States Army.^[2] He served again in the 5th Artillery, and later commanded forts in Florida; Fort Warren, Massachusetts (1869–70); and Fort Preble, Maine (1870–75). He retired from the army on November 1, 1876.

He received the degree of A.M. from

Cimitero Evangelico degli Allori

.

Seymour was also a watercolor painter, and his painting became prolific in Europe during his retirement. Although he is believed to have never sold his paintings, his body of work survives in museums and private collections.