User:Antiquary/sandbox
54°02′51″N 2°54′06″W / 54.0474°N 2.9018°W
The Heysham hogback
Group of 17. https://howardwilliamsblog.wordpress.com/2017/07/04/the-heysham-5-hogback/
History
The Heysham hogback is, like other hogbacks, a grave-marker, monument or possibly cenotaph dating from the early or mid 10th century.[1][2] The man it commemorates is thought to have been a high-status individual connected with the Hiberno-Norse communities of Cumbria or Yorkshire, and its position on the coast suggests that he was a trader.[3]
The first documentary record of the hogback is a mention in the 1811 edition of An Historical and Descriptive Account of the Town of Lancaster, published by Christopher Clark, of its discovery in St Peter's churchyard. The 1807 edition of this work does not mention it, from which it has been argued that it must have been unearthed between those two years,[3] but this inference has been disputed.[1] The same work claims that "at the time of its discovery, there was found deposited under it, the remains of a human skeleton, and also, a piece of iron, which had apparently been the head of a spear". This, if true, would make it the only hogback found in association with human remains or grave goods,[3][2] though doubts have been raised as to Clark's reliability on this point.[1] A much later, account in Edward L. Cutts's A Manual for the Study of the Sepulchral Slabs and Crosses of the Middle Ages (1849) surmises that it was found in the adjoining St Patrick's Chapel.[3][4]
It was kept in the open air in St Peter's churchyard where it suffered erosion from the weather and from the many local children over the years who played at taking rides on it. In 1977 it was taken into the church, where it remains.[5][6]
Physical description
_-_geograph.org.uk_-_439385.jpg)
The hogback's length is 205.8 cm (81.0 in), its width varies between 17.8 cm (7.0 in) and 20.3 cm (8.0 in), and its height between 33.0 cm (13.0 in) and 39.4 cm (15.5 in). It is made of Ward's Stone sandstone, a pale brown millstone grit of the Silsden Formation which could have originated anywhere on the Morecambe Bay coast between Heysham and Bolton-le-Sands. It is in good condition except on the ridge, which shows signs of wear.[1][3]
Iconography
https://archaeologydataservice.ac.uk/archives/view/wist_ahrc_2019/fullrecord.cfm?casss_mon_id=2716
https://howardwilliamsblog.wordpress.com/2017/07/04/the-heysham-5-hogback/
https://lahs.archaeologyuk.org/Contrebis/21_29_Potter.pdf p. 60
Edwards p. 95
Bailey p. 97
Interpretation
https://www.hslc.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/152-2-Ewing.pdf pp. 2-4, 6-20
https://archaeologydataservice.ac.uk/archives/view/wist_ahrc_2019/fullrecord.cfm?casss_mon_id=2716
https://archive.org/details/transactionslan00socigoog/page/n103/mode/2up?view=theater
https://archive.org/details/transactionslan00socigoog/page/n133/mode/2up?view=theater
https://howardwilliamsblog.wordpress.com/2017/07/04/the-heysham-5-hogback/
https://lahs.archaeologyuk.org/Contrebis/21_29_Potter.pdf p. 61
Edwards p. 24
Bailey p. 236
Citations
- ^ a b c d Williams 2017.
- ^ a b Ewing 2003, p. 3.
- ^ a b c d e Durham University 2020.
- ^ https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=dtlUAAAAcAAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=%22A+Manual+for+the+Study+of+the+Sepulchral+Slabs+and+Crosses+of+the+Middle+Ages%22&hl=en&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=snippet&q=heysham%20patrick&f=false
- ^ Ewing 2003, p. 14.
- ^ https://redrosecollections.lancashire.gov.uk/view-item?key=SnsiUCI6eyJpdGVtaWQiOjE5MjE2MSwicGVyY2VudFRlcm1zVG9NYXRjaCI6IjAuNiIsIm1heFF1ZXJ5VGVybXMiOiIyMCIsIm1pbkRvY0ZyZXEiOiIxIiwibWluVGVybUZyZXEiOiIxIn0sIkYiOiJleUp6YnlJNk0zMCJ9&pg=7&WINID=1713705938635#b0ddv_DeQ14AAAGPANVjaQ/270894
References
- Durham University (2020). "Corpus of Anglo-Saxon Stone Sculpture: Heysham 05, Lancashire". Archaeology Data Service. Retrieved 28 April 2024.
- Ewing, Thor (2003). "Understanding the Heysham Hogback: A Tenth-Century Sculpted Stone Monument and Its Context" (PDF). Transactions of the Historic Society of Lancashire and Cheshire. 152: 1–20. Retrieved 28 April 2024.
- Williams, Howard M. R. (4 July 2017). "The Heysham 5 'Hogback'". Archaeodeath: Death & Memory – Past & Present. Retrieved 28 April 2024.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date and year (link)
External links
Category:10th-century artifacts Category:Anglo-Norse England Category:Anglo-Saxon archaeology Category:Archaeological sites in Lancashire Category:Burial monuments and structures in the United Kingdom Category:Christian sculptures Category:History of Lancaster Category:Medieval European sculptures Category:Nibelung tradition Category:Outdoor sculptures in England Category:Sculptures of Norse mythology Category:Stone sculptures in England Category:Viking art
10,800