User:Cliffaksw/Swedish fire control systems

This is a list of fire control systems used by the

). Accurately firing a projectile at a moving target imposes much more stringent requirements on the ranging and fire control systems compared to firing at a fixed position, the way the Army usually uses artillery.

Rangefinders

Optical rangefinders

Several types of optical rangefinders were in use in the coastal artillery until the late 1960s.

Lodbas or vertical base uses the vertical distance between the mean water level and the rangefinder as a baseline for mathematically determining the range to a target.

Inbas or "internal base" is the type of rangefinder most often associated with optical rangefinders. There are several different kinds, and all use a known distance in the instrument itself as a base for simple trigonometric determination of range.

Vågbas or "wave base" was a rangefinder system where 2 theodolites placed a known distance apart would be pointed at the same point of a target. Target range could then be determined using a mechanical instrument.

Laser rangefinders

AML 701, developed by Ericsson, was the world's first operational military laser rangefinder and is built around a ruby laser. It was first deployed in 1968, and ended up replacing a large number of older optical rangefinders. It could be used either with a crew and an optical sight, or as part of a remote controlled optronic "eye" which also included a low-light TV camera in an armored cupola.

AML 702 is a newer laser rangefinder based on an Nd:YAG laser, and was first deployed in the late 1970s.

Belysare RBS 17 is really the target designation unit for the RBS 17 Hellfire missile system, but it also has rangefinder capabilities.

Manual systems

In the early 20th century, the task of predicting a targets' future position was performed manually using a plotting table where the position of the gun battery was laid out along with special rulers which would be moved around the table. Other types of plotting tables were used to perform various tasks, i.e. correction for various parameters.

CS 704

CS 704 (Centralsikte 704/Central Sight 704) was a simple mechanical instrument designed for the light batteries of type 7.5 cm m/05-10.

Ci 709

Ci 709 was a large mechanical instrument designed by

. It was developed in the early 1950s and based on the naval fire control instruments that were popular at the time. The instrument occupied 2 floors in the command center, with the upper floor working towards the ranging station while the lower floor worked towards the gun.

ArtE 702

Cig 53, later known as ArtE 702, was an electromechanical fire control system developed by Arenco. It was an attempt to follow the manual method of fire control using automated equipment.

ArtE 704

Cig 55, later known as ArtE 704, was designed for mobile coastal artillery units and was an early electronic fire control system using vacuum tubes.

ArtE 710

Ci 710, later known as ArtE 710, was an electromechanical fire control instrument with a radar called PA-39F and a periscope. Firing parameters would be transmitted to the guns with an analog system. It was used in battery type

Series 1 and 2.

ArtE 719

ArtE 719 was an analog solid-state fire control system developed by

Series 3, and installed as a secondary fire control system and ranging station on various other coastal artillery batteries. ArtE 719 fetured digital transmission of normalized target parameters to ballistic computers at each guns which would apply individual corrections and produce the final firing parameters.

ArtE 724

ArtE 724 was a digital fire control system developed by Philips Elektronikindustrier AB (PEAB) in the late 1970s. It could automatically track 2 targets. This system feartured a protected fire control radar known as HSRR (Höj- och sänkbar radar, Raise/lowerable Radar) which was normally stored under an armored hatch. Smaller surveillance radars were used to search for targets enabling the HSRR to stay below its hatch until it was needed for accurate ranging and tracking.
The ArtE 724 system also used an optronic "eye" arrangement, with a low-light TV camera and a laser rangefinder called AML 702. Additionally, the system featured a "Ground Target Panel" which was primarily used for firing against ground targets but could also act as a spare fire control system for anti-ship purposes. As in ArtE 719 normalized firing parameters would be transmitted to the guns where a computer would determine its individual firing parameters.

References

• Swedish Armed Forces (1994). "Artillerilära KA" (M7734-476008), Försvarsmedia
• Marintaktiska Kommandot (2002). "Kustförsvar från kustbefästningar till amfibiekår" (ISBN 91-631-2285-5)